| Haejung Lee | 14 Articles |
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of chronic diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Data for adults aged over 30 years, who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and who had at least one claim for the prescription of antidiabetic medication were extracted from the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort in Korea from 2002 to 2015. Statistical analyses were performed using R version 3.5.1. Results In total, 1,407 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications were extracted from the database. Patients were observed for an average of 10.43 years. The prevalence of chronic diabetic complications was 84.7% and was significantly higher for patients who were older women, who lived in the capital, and had diabetes mellitus for a longer time. The prevalence of eye disease was the highest at 42.4%, and cerebrovascular disease was the lowest at 15.1%. Cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy, and foot ulcers often occurred between two and four years, and eye disease and nephropathy often occurred over eight years after the diagnosis of diabetes. Prior to the occurrence of nephropathy, microvascular complications such as neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and eye disease occurred. Conclusion These findings provide compelling evidence of the prevalence of chronic diabetic complications based on a national database. Since a high incidence of diabetic complications occurs within a short period of time after the diagnosis of diabetes, aggressive interventions are required to prevent diabetic complications in the early stages after diagnosis. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
Purpose
Patients with heart failure report low levels of physical activity and quality of life, both of which are important predictors of patient prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of nurse-led motivational interviewing on self-efficacy for exercise, engagement in regular exercise, exercise capacity, and quality of life among patients with heart failure. Methods A randomized controlled trial design was used, and 66 Korean participants (i.e., 38 in a control group and 28 in an intervention group) aged 40~80 years who were diagnosed with heart failure were recruited between May 2012 and September 2013. The intervention group received telephone-based motivational interviews twice a week for one month. All participants were assessed for exercise regularity, levels of exercise, exercise capacity, and quality of life at baseline, one month, and three months. The data were analyzed using independent t-tests, repeated measures ANOVA, and nonparametric tests. Results At one month, there were significant group differences in exercise regularity (x2 =6.10, p=.013) and levels of exercise (Z=-2.56, p=.024). There was a significant group-by-time effect on the quality of life (F=3.76, p=.044). Conclusion Nurse-led motivational interviewing was effective in increasing exercise levels and quality of life in patients with heart failure. In the future, we propose a study with a larger number of participants and a long-term follow-up study with additional contact to maintain the intervention effect. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
Purpose
This study identified factors related to bowel cleanliness of colonoscopy examinees. Methods From December 2, 2020 to January 21, 2021, we surveyed 152 participants who underwent colonoscopy at a university hospital at B City. The questionnaires included participants characteristics, social cognitive determinants (knowledge on bowel preparation, severity and susceptibility for colon cancer as perceived threat, self-efficacy, and social support), and compliance with bowel preparation. For data analysis, SPSS/WIN 21.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical programs were used. Descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and path analysis were utilized. Results Participants’ knowledge level on bowel preparation was 8.49±1.57; severity, 18.49±4.43; susceptibility, 12.55±4.10; self-efficacy, 41.92±9.28; social support, 24.90±4.84; compliance with bowel preparation, 9.26±1.81; and degree of bowel cleanliness, 6.05±1.71. Factors influencing the compliance with bowel preparation included self-efficacy (β=.27, p=.007), knowledge on bowel preparation (β=.23, p=.005), marital status (β=.19, p=.048), social support (β=.17, p=.030), and age (β=-.16, p=.007). The factor directly affecting bowel cleanliness was compliance with bowel preparation (β=.17, p=.043). Indirectly affecting factors were self-efficacy (β=.05 p=.021), knowledge on bowel preparation (β=.04, p=.022), social support (β=.03, p=.026), marital status (β=.03, p=.034), and age (β=-.03, p=.018). Conclusion Bowel cleanliness of colonoscopy examinees can be improved by enhancing compliance with bowel preparation. Future studies should examine the effects of strategies that concern self-efficacy, knowledge on bowel preparation, social support, marital status and age on compliance with bowel preparation.
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the components of artificial intelligence-based healthcare interventions and determine their effects on health behaviors and physiological, psychological, and cost-effectiveness outcomes among adults. Methods Nine core electronic databases were searched for articles published between January, 2009 and May, 2021 using terms related to artificial intelligence, healthcare, and randomized controlled trials. Qualitative synthesis was then performed. Results Of the 1,194 retrieved articles, 20 were selected for analysis. Many of the studies targeted adults who wanted to change their health behaviors, patients with diabetes, and those aged 20~50 years. The characteristics of the artificial intelligence-based healthcare interventions were analyzed in terms of the following components: external data, artificial intelligence technology, problem solving, and goals. Many interventions offered personalized suggestions by learning participant behavior patterns using machine learning technology and diet and physical activity data. The majority of interventions targeted health behaviors and physiological outcomes. These artificial intelligence-based healthcare interventions were effective in decreasing hospital visits and improving psychological outcomes and health behaviors. Conclusion Artificial intelligence-based healthcare interventions can be an important part of decreasing hospital visits and improving psychological outcomes and health behaviors among adults. The results suggest that there is a need to develop and apply appropriate artificial intelligence algorithms for patients with chronic diseases that require continuous management in Korea. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
Purpose
This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of general characteristics, basic psychological needs, health promoting behaviors, and emotional status on sleep quality of the older adults with low back pain. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional correlational study in B and Y cities between August and September 2020. A total of 217 older adults participated in the study and their general characteristics (age, gender, duration of back pain, pain intensity, disability, perceived health status, risk for malnutrition), basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), health promoting behavior (physical activity, self care), emotional status (depression, quality of life), and sleep quality were measured. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, independent t-test, ANOVA with Scheffé post-hoc test, hierarchical multiple regression, and path analysis using SPSS/WIN 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. Results: The mean age of the participants was 70.31±5.39 years, the pain intensity was 6.40±1.09, and the duration of back pain was 6.69±6.46 years. The significant factors influencing sleep quality were depression (β=.45, p=.001), gender (β=-.22, p=.001), disability (β=.21, p=.003), perceived health status (β=-.21, p=.001), duration of back pain (β=-.20, p=.001), self care on back pain (β=-.15, p=.009), basic psychological needs (β=-.15, p=.001), and risk for malnutrition (β=.03, p=.028). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that special attention is required for older women with high levels of depression and disability due to back pain, especially those with pain duration of less than 5 years or greater than 10 years. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
Purpose
This study investigates the effects of oral care interventions on oral health and oral health-related quality of life in denture-wearing older adults. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was utilized. There were 26 participants in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. Participants were aged 65 or older, residing at long-term care facilities for more than six months, using dentures, able to brush their teeth, follow gymnastics without jaw joint problems, and cooperate in the measurement of bad breath. The oral care interventions consisted of brushing teeth, denture management, and mouth gymnastics and was performed three times/week, for 20 minutes/session, for a total of 4 weeks. The x 2 test, Fisher's exact test, repeated measures ANOVA, and independent t-test using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program were analyzed. Results: The performance of brushing teeth (F=27.66, p<.001), denture management (F=38.23, p<.001), and mouth gymnastics (F=5.12, p=.016) significantly increased with time up to the fourth week. After the interventions, significant differences were found between groups in subjective oral health status (t=5.87, p<.001), dry mouth (t=-9.24, p<.001), bad breath (t=-3.37, p<.001), and oral health-related quality of life (t=-6.46, p<.001). Conclusion: The oral care interventions, including a self-administered oral care checklist, can improve the motivation for oral care performance, oral health behaviors, oral health status, and oral health-related quality of life among older adults. Broader application of the intervention is warranted. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of reinforced walking exercise on dyspnea-fatigue symptoms, daily activities, walking ability and health related quality of life (HRQoL) in heart failure patients. METHODS This study used a randomized controlled trial design. The participants (experimental group=16, control group=25) were recruited from a university hospital in Kyeong-nam area. Data were collected from March to September, 2015. The reinforced walking exercise included goal setting and feedback (telephone and text message) provided for 12 weeks. Dyspnea-Fatigue Index, Korean Activity Scale/Index (KASI), six-minute walking distance (6MWD) and HRQoL were measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Fisher's exact test, χ2 test, and Kolmogrove-Smirnov test. RESULTS Prior to the intervention there were no differences in the research variables between two groups. The exercise compliance in the experimental group was 100% (walking for 50 minutes per day, 5 times per week). The experimental group had improved dyspnea-fatigue symptoms (t=8.63, p<.001), daily activities (t=-4.92, p<.001), longer 6MWD (t=-5.66, p<.001), and increased HRQoL (t=-9.05, p<.001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION The reinforced walking exercise could be a cost-effective intervention in heart failure patient, which could enhance patients' outcomes, such as improving dyspnea-fatigue symptoms, daily activities, walking ability, and quality of life. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the levels of physical activity and its relationships with depression, health-related quality of life (QoL), sleep disturbance, and physiological indicators in hemodialysis patients. METHODS The participants in this study were 139 patients undergoing hemodialysis in the hospitals in Busan and Yangsan-si. Data were collected using hematologic tests and questionnaires that contained items about individual characteristics, International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ), Center For Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), a 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA, and correlation. RESULTS Mean age of the participants was 59.91+/-12.63 and mean physical activity levels were 1,660.35+/-1,654.17. Patients who performed higher physical activities during their daily activities reported lower levels of depression (F=4.16, p=.018) and higher levels of QOL (PCS: F=5.00, p=.008, MCS: F=8.66, p<.001) than those of the others who did not perform physical activities. CONCLUSION This study showed that the levels of physical activity among hemodialysis patients was significantly associated with their depression and QOL. Developing strategies for enhancing physical activity is warranted to improve depression and QOL among hemodialysis patients. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Telephone-enforced Preoperative Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise (TP-PFME) for prostate cancer patients on Urinary Incontinence (UI), Urinary Function (UF) related satisfaction, depression, and Quality of Life (QoL). METHODS A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design was used with 85 participants. The two experimental groups (EG) began the PFME protocol two weeks prior to surgery. The subjects in the EG I received telephone calls to reinforce the PFME protocol. The comparison group began the PFME protocol after their surgery. Data were analyzed by the SPSS/WIN 21.0 using descriptive statistics, chi2 test, One-way ANOVA, Fisher's exact test, and Repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS EG I showed higher performance of PFME at one (p=.001) and three months (p=.015) after surgery than the comparison group. Comparison group showed significantly more severe UI at one (p=.002) and three months (p=.006) after surgery and reported lower UF related satisfaction than EG I at one month after surgery (p=.015). Participants in both experimental groups reported higher QoL scores (p=.001) at three months following surgery than those in the comparison group. There were no significant differences in depression among the three groups. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that preoperative TP-PFME was effective in decreasing the perceived severity of UI as well as increasing UF related satisfaction and QoL. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of delirium care training program on the nurses' knowledge of delirium, self-confidence and performance levels in caring patients with delirium. METHODS The study was used a quasi-experimental design. The participants were 131 nurses in general nursing units in B and J hospitals. Sixty four nurses in B hospital were allocated into the experimental group and 67 nurses from J hospital into the control group. The delirium care training program was composed of lecture and clinical practice. Clinical practice of delirium care was applied everyday for 4 consecutive weeks starting from the admission day of the older adults(> or =70 years old), using 'short CAM' and 'nursing checklist for delirium prevention'. RESULTS The knowledge of delirium, self-confidence in caring patients, and performance levels of nursing care were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION The findings of this study provided the evidence for the potential utility of the delirium care training program and underscored the needs of broader application of the training program of delirium care for nurses in general nursing units. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to examine the related factors of quality of life (QOL) among patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). METHODS Patients diagnosed with COPD (N=230) were recruited from four hospitals in Kyeong-Nam province, from March 2 to November 30, 2010. The data collection instruments were the Short Form 36, perceived dyspnea measure by Modified Medical Research Council, COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale, COPD Self-efficacy Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used. Following the completion of the data collection instruments Pulmonary function was tested. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and simultaneous multiple regression using SPSS/WIN. RESULTS The mean QOL of this study was 68.24. Using a multivariate approach, the significant correlates of QOL were depression (beta=-.37), dyspnea (beta=-.28), self-efficacy (beta=.20), and a sufficient degree of household income (beta=.16). These variables explained 49% of variance in QOL. CONCLUSION The study suggests that psychological aspects are an important factor in explaining QOL of the patients. Screening and minimizing depression could be effective strategies in enhancing QOL of patients with COPD and further investigation to reduce depression could warrant the improvement of QOL in patients with COPD.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop an empowerment program as a nursing intervention for the patients having an acute stroke and to determine the effects of the program on their motivation, depression, and activities of daily living(ADLs). METHODS: An non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. Sixty subjects were recruited from two separated institutions: 31 patients were allocated into experimental group and 29 were into control group. Six week empowerment program was provided to the experimental group. The study was conducted from November 2006 to March 2007. RESULTS: After 6 week empowerment program, rehabilitation motivation was significantly increased in the experimental group in comparison to the control group(t=-2.173, p=.036). There were no significant differences in depression and ADLs between experimental and control groups. CONCLUSION: The empowerment program effectively increased rehabilitation motivation of patients with stroke, while did not improve the levels of depression and ADLs. Future long-term intervention may benefit the patients more in terms of depression and ADLs when considering the acute stage of the patients in this study.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify relatively important predictors of quality of life (QOL) of HSCT recipients among client's characteristics(age, gender, family income, religiosity), HSCT-related characteristics(time since HSCT, type of HSCT, decision maker of HSCT) and social support. METHODS: Eighty two participants who had a HSCT were recruited for the study. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, pearson's correlation, ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS for Window(version 12.0) program to answer the research questions. RESULTS: Family income, time since HSCT and religiosity explained 23.8% of the variance in the QOL of HSCT recipients. HSCT recipients who had higher family income, longer time past since HSCT, and more religious tend to have higher quality of life. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, we could know that the HSCT recipients need certain amount of time to recover their QOL after HSCT. Opportunities of reemployment and religious support should be considered when we develop intervention program for HSCT recipients.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine self care behaviors according to the risk levels of vascular complications in elderly women with hypertension. METHODS The subjects of this study were 162 women living in the community who had been diagnosed with hypertension in clinics. The data were analysed by the SPSS 10.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA with Scheff. post-hoc test. RESULTS The average self care behavior score of the elderly women was 2.79. Total self care behavior was significantly different depending on the risk levels of vascular complications such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ankle-brachial index, and the framingham point score. Among sub-scores of self care behaviors, exercise management was the poorest performance compared with other self care behaviors. CONCLUSION This study proved the differences in self care behaviors according to the risk levels of vascular complications. To decrease the prevalence of vascular complication, it is necessary to develop programs specifically to enhance self care behaviors of elderly women with hypertension.
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