For policies on research and publication ethics that are not stated in these instructions, the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) or the COPE Guidelines (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines) can be applied. Further, all processes of handling research and publication misconduct shall follow the applicable COPE flowchart.
Statements of human and animal rights: Clinical research should be done in accordance with the Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/). Any study involving human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible institutional review board (IRB). Research involving meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and literature reviews does not require IRB review. For secondary data analyses, IRB review and approval for an exempt study may be required based on the decision of the Editorial Board. When necessary, the Editorial Board may request any documentation regarding ethical issues of the manuscript such as written consent or the approval of the study by the IRB. Furthermore, for studies involving human subjects, the authors must explicitly state in the paper that the research received IRB approval and was conducted in accordance with the relevant standards.
Statement of informed consent: Copies of written informed consent and IRB approval for clinical research should be kept. If necessary, the editor or reviewers may request copies of these documents to resolve questions about IRB approval and study conduct.
Originality and duplicate publication: Duplicate publication or duplicate submission is prohibited in accordance with the ICMJE recommendations (https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/overlapping-publications.html). Manuscripts that have been published or are being submitted to other journal(s) should not be submitted to KJAN. Manuscripts that have been published or are currently under consideration for publication in KJAN must not be submitted to another journal. The corresponding author must obtain approval from the Editor-in-Chief of both related journals if s/he wants to reprint a published manuscript in another language.
If manuscripts have been submitted or are currently under consideration for publication in KJAN, the Editorial Board will determine the nature and degree of duplicate publication or duplicate submission for the manuscript. If a manuscript has been published in KJAN, the KSAN ethics committee will determine the nature and degree of duplication.
KJAN follows the recommendations for authorship set out by the ICMJE Authorship guidelines (http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf). Authorship is attributed only to individuals who have directly participated and made significant contributions to the creation of the manuscript. Authorship should be based upon all four of the following criteria: 1) substantial contribution to the concept or design of the work, or the acquisition or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; 3) final approval of the version submitted for publication; 4) accountability for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. All other contributors not listed as authors should be mentioned in the acknowledgements section.
If a manuscript is based on a master's thesis or doctoral dissertation, the author must disclose that the manuscript is the product of his/her thesis or a dissertation for an academic degree. The first author must be the recipient of the academic degree from the work presented in the manuscript.
Any changes in authorship (addition, deletion or change in order of authorship) must be approved by the Editorial Board prior to the manuscript's acceptance for publication. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason(s) for the change in the author list; and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with any addition, removal, or rearrangement.
The corresponding author will be responsible for informing the editor regarding potential conflicts of interest for all listed authors that might influence their interpretation of data. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. If there is no conflict of interest, this should also be explicitly stated as "The author(s) declare(s) that there is no conflict of interest."
This journal follows the data sharing policy described in “Data Sharing Statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)” (https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1051). All clinical trials (as defined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) must be registered in a publicly accessible trial registry. For all other types of studies, including systematic reviews, prospective registration is strongly encouraged. If a study has been registered, please cite the registration number in both the abstract and body of the paper. The journal accepts registration in any of the primary registries that participate in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Portal (http://www.who.int/ictrp/en/), National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.gov (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/), International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Registry (www.ISRCTN.org), or the Clinical Research Information Service, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) (https://cris.hih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp).
This journal encourages and enables authors to share data that supports the research publication, where appropriate, and to interlink the data with other published articles. Research data refers to the results of observations or experiments that validate the research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal encourages authors to share their software, codes, models, algorithms, protocols, methods, and other useful materials related to the project. Data generated through the participation of subjects and the public should be put to maximum use by the research community and, whenever possible, translated to deliver patient benefits. Data sharing benefits numerous research-related activities: reproducing analyses, testing secondary hypotheses, developing and evaluating novel statistical methods, teaching, aiding the design of future trials and meta-analyses, and helping to prevent error, fraud, and selective reporting. To promote more transparent and reproducible research, we ask authors to submit a Data Availability Statement in the manuscript to help readers understand how they can access the data, code, and other resources that support the research findings.
The following are examples of data-sharing statements:
At submission, authors are required to disclose whether they used Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted technologies (such as Large Language Models [LLMs], chatbots, or image creators) in their work. Authors should describe how they used AI-assisted technologies in both the cover letter and the appropriate section of the manuscript. For example, if AI was used for writing assistance, this should be described in the Acknowledgments section. If AI was used for data collection, analysis, or figure generation, the authors should describe this use in the Methods section. Chatbots (such as ChatGPT) should not be listed as authors because they cannot be held responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work, and these responsibilities are required for authorship. Therefore, authors are responsible for any submitted material that included the use of AI-assisted technologies. Authors should carefully review and edit AI-generated results because AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete, or biased. Authors must ensure there is appropriate attribution of all quoted material, including full citations, and should not list AI and AI-assisted technologies as an author or co-author, nor cite AI as an author.
If reviewers or readers suspect publication malpractice, such as fabrication, falsification, salami slicing, plagiarism, or simultaneous/ duplicate publication, inappropriate changes in authorship, an undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and so on, the process of resolution will be initiated following the flowchart provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts).
If a published manuscript is suspected of an ethics violation, the KSAN ethics committee, which includes the editor-in-chief of KJAN, will be convened. The procedure will be conducted in the following order: a preliminary investigation, a second investigation, and decision, in accordance with the prescribed regulations. If a published manuscript is determined to involve an ethics violation, members found to have violated this regulation and the general ethical principles of research will be subject to the following consequences, and other relevant matters shall be determined by the KSAN ethics committee.
E-SUBMISSION
