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2Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital ․ College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju
3Department of Nursing, Dongkang College, Gwangju
4Department of Nursing, Konyang University, Daejeon
5Graduate School, Department of Medical Consilience, Dankook University, Yongin, Korea
Copyright © 2014 Korean Society of Adult Nursing
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LDQOL=Liver disease quality of life; PF=physical function; RP=role physical; BP=bodily pain; VT=vitality; SF=social functioning; RE=role emotion; MH=mental health; SxLD=symptoms of liver disease; ELD=effects of liver disease; Conc=concentration; Mem=memory; QSI=quality of social interaction; HD=health distress; SFun=sexual function.
General Characteristics, Health Behavior and Clinical Characteristics of Participants (N=114
| Characteristics | Categories | n (%) or M±SD |
|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | ＜40 | 34 (29.8) |
| ≥40 | 80 (70.2) | |
| 46.19±12.85 | ||
| Gender | Male | 94 (82.5) |
| Female | 20 (17.5) | |
| Spouse | Yes | 83 (72.8) |
| No | 31 (27.2) | |
| Education level | Below high school | 54 (47.4) |
| Above college | 60 (52.6) | |
| Religion | Yes | 62 (54.4) |
| No | 52 (45.6) | |
| Care provider | Non-medical personnel | 91 (79.8) |
| Medical personnel | 23 (20.2) | |
| Occupation | Yes | 79 (69.3) |
| No | 35 (30.7) | |
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | ＜100 | 31 (27.2) |
| 100~199 | 34 (29.8) | |
| 200~299 | 20 (17.6) | |
| ≥300 | 29 (25.4) | |
| Alcohol drinking | Yes | 19 (16.7) |
| No | 95 (83.3) | |
| Smoking | Yes | 24 (21.1) |
| No | 90 (78.9) | |
| Concomitant disease | Yes | 54 (47.4) |
| No | 60 (52.6) | |
| Aggravation of disease | Serious (≥5 times ALT) | 4 (3.5) |
| Moderate (2~＜5 times ALT) | 7 (6.1) | |
| Stable (＜2 times ALT) | 103 (90.4) | |
| Drug resistance mutation | Yes | 57 (50.0) |
| No | 57 (50.0) | |
| Medication duration (year) | ＜1 | 24 (21.0) |
| 1~＜3 | 28 (24.6) | |
| 3~＜5 | 36 (31.6) | |
| ≥5 | 26 (22.8) | |
| Serum liver function test (normal range) | ||
| AST (7~40 U/L) | 47.93±100.29 | |
| ALT (5~57 U/L) | 49.67±74.73 | |
| Albumin (3.5~5.5 g/dL) | 4.51±0.52 | |
| Bilirubin (0.2~1.0 mg/dL) | 2.98±16.98 | |
| ALP (38~126 U/L) | 64.11±25.32 | |
| GGT (Male: 3~39 U/L, Female: 1~27 U/L) | 63.45±93.96 |
AST=aspartate transaminase; ALT=alanine transaminase; ALP=alkaline phosphatase; GGT=gamma glutamyl transpeptidase.
SF-36 and Liver Disease Targeted Scales of LDQOL 1.0 (N=114)
| Variables | M±SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SF-36 | Physical functioning | 71.75±19.00 | 0~85.00 |
| Role limitation-physical | 78.62±27.32 | 0~100.00 | |
| Bodily pain | 60.70±16.97 | 0~70.00 | |
| General health | 50.18±20.32 | 0~95.00 | |
| Vitality | 53.67±21.87 | 0~93.75 | |
| Social functioning | 70.83±22.54 | 0~87.50 | |
| Role limitation-emotion | 57.94±20.80 | 0~100.00 | |
| Mental health | 65.22±17.60 | 0~85.00 | |
| Liver Disease Targeted Scales of LDQOL | Symptoms of liver disease | 87.54±14.58 | 29.41~100.00 |
| Effects of liver disease | 82.67±12.45 | 32.76~100.00 | |
| Concentration | 93.11±12.38 | 34.29~100.00 | |
| Memory | 91.35±13.70 | 30.00~100.00 | |
| Quality of social interaction | 80.67±12.19 | 36.00~100.00 | |
| Health distress | 53.71±12.24 | 13.33~66.67 | |
| Sexual functioning | 80.90±16.44 | 20.00~100.00 | |
| Sexual problems (n=76) | 87.61±16.19 | 41.67~100.00 | |
| Sleep | 70.77±16.26 | 24.00~100.00 | |
| Loneliness | 85.47±15.35 | 20.00~100.00 | |
| Hopelessness | 71.97±18.90 | 30.00~100.00 | |
| Stigma of liver disease | 83.27±18.71 | 20.00~100.00 |
LDQOL=liver disease quality of life.
SF-36 according to General Characteristics and Clinical Characteristics (N=114)
| Characteristics | Categories | n (%) | SF-36 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PF | RP | BP | GH | VT | SF | RE | MH | |||
| M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | |||
| Age (year) | ＜40 | 34 (29.8) | 78.68±11.76 | 85.29±25.60 | 63.24±12.73 | 52.65±21.40 | 54.41±21.79 | 71.69±23.30 | 83.33±25.62 | 55.44±22.97 |
| ≥40 | 80 (70.2) | 68.81±20.72 | 75.78±27.69 | 59.63±18.45 | 53.36±22.03 | 53.36±22.03 | 70.47±22.35 | 75.83±28.73 | 59.00±19.86 | |
| t (p) | 3.21 (.002) | 1.71 (.089) | 1.04 (.301) | 0.84 (.400) | 0.23 (.815) | 0.26 (.792) | 1.31 (.191) | -0.83 (.406) | ||
| Gender | Male | 94 (82.5) | 74.57±14.97 | 83.05±24.29 | 62.23±15.18 | 51.12±20.48 | 55.19±22.01 | 72.07±22.71 | 82.36±25.66 | 58.94±20.92 |
| Female | 20 (17.5) | 58.50±28.75 | 57.81±31.60 | 53.50±22.77 | 45.75±19.42 | 46.56±20.22 | 65.00±21.31 | 57.92±30.04 | 53.25±20.08 | |
| t (p) | 2.43 (.024) | 3.99 (＜.001) | 1.63 (.115) | 1.07 (.285) | 1.61 (.110) | 1.27 (.204) | 3.75 (＜.001) | 1.11 (.269) | ||
| Spouse | Yes | 83 (72.8) | 70.78±19.12 | 77.56±27.21 | 61.57±15.42 | 50.18±19.39 | 53.61±21.68 | 70.93±21.57 | 77.11±28.33 | 60.30±18.92 |
| No | 31 (27.2) | 74.35±18.74 | 81.45±27.88 | 58.39±20.67 | 50.16±11.97 | 53.83±22.75 | 80.65±27.16 | 80.65±27.16 | 51.61±24.37 | |
| t (p) | -0.89 (.374) | -0.67 (.501) | 0.88 (.376) | 0.00 (.996) | -0.04 (.963) | 0.07 (.938) | -0.60 (.550) | 2.01 (.047) | ||
| Education level | ≤High school | 54 (47.4) | 69.07±22.53 | 74.54±28.73 | 57.96±19.46 | 48.15±19.94 | 49.54±21.78 | 69.21±24.25 | 73.61±29.26 | 53.61±21.90 |
| ≥College | 60 (52.6) | 74.17±14.93 | 82.29±25.68 | 63.17±14.08 | 52.00±20.65 | 57.40±21.45 | 72.29±20.98 | 82.08±26.30 | 61.83±19.11 | |
| t (p) | -1.43 (.163) | -1.52 (.131) | -1.62 (.109) | -1.01 (.314) | -1.93 (.055) | -0.72 (.469) | -1.61 (.108) | -2.14 (.034) | ||
| Care provider | Non-MP | 91 (79.8) | 70.49±20.49 | 78.09±28.90 | 60.22±17.13 | 49.78±20.98 | 51.85±22.33 | 68.68±23.15 | 78.57±28.41 | 57.58±21.30 |
| MP | 23 (20.2) | 76.74±10.18 | 80.71±20.29 | 62.61±16.57 | 51.74±17.81 | 60.87±18.68 | 79.35±17.92 | 76.09±26.51 | 59.35±19.09 | |
| t (p) | -2.06 (.042) | -0.40 (.684) | -0.60 (.549) | -0.41 (.681) | -1.78 (.077) | -2.05 (.042) | 0.38 (.705) | -0.36 (.718) | ||
| Occupation | Yes | 79 (69.3) | 76.01±12.20 | 83.86±23.53 | 63.67±12.63 | 51.96±19.45 | 55.54±21.23 | 73.73±20.47 | 83.65±24.69 | 61.77±18.64 |
| No | 35 (30.7) | 62.14±26.85 | 66.79±31.68 | 54.00±22.91 | 46.14±21.90 | 49.46±23.01 | 64.29±25.75 | 65.48±30.99 | 49.29±23.01 | |
| t (p) | 2.92 (.006) | 2.85 (.006) | 2.34 (.024) | 1.41 (.159) | 1.37 (.172) | 2.09 (.038) | 3.06 (.003) | 3.06 (.003) | ||
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | ＜100a | 31 (27.2) | 65.32±23.38 | 68.15±30.63 | 54.19±22.92 | 42.10±22.57 | 43.95±25.84 | 60.08±26.30 | 67.47±31.43 | 43.87±22.65 |
| 100~199b | 34 (29.8) | 72.06±22.06 | 80.70±27.54 | 63.24±14.08 | 52.94±17.71 | 55.15±19.25 | 75.74±20.86 | 80.64±26.33 | 60.29±20.07 | |
| 200~299c | 20 (17.6) | 76.75±9.22 | 78.44±22.44 | 64.50±10.50 | 51.25±19.73 | 54.06±19.90 | 72.50±18.41 | 77.92±26.39 | 62.00±13.02 | |
| ≥300d | 29 (25.4) | 74.83±12.92 | 87.50±23.74 | 62.07±14.97 | 54.82±19.52 | 62.07±18.14 | 75.43±19.62 | 86.49±24.44 | 67.41±16.62 | |
| F (p) | 1.94 (.126) | 2.72 (.048) | 2.24 (.088) | 2.46 (.066) | 3.78 (.013) | 3.55 (.017) | 2.56 (.058) | 8.56 (＜.001) | ||
| Scheffé | a＜d | a＜b | a＜b＜c＜d | |||||||
| Drinking | Yes | 19 (16.7) | 77.63±9.33 | 84.54±24.68 | 64.21±10.17 | 52.11±17.90 | 56.25±22.05 | 73.06±23.30 | 85.96±19.26 | 61.58±20.35 |
| No | 95 (83.3) | 70.58±20.22 | 77.43±27.79 | 60.00±17.98 | 49.79±20.83 | 53.16±21.92 | 70.39±22.48 | 76.49±29.20 | 57.21±20.92 | |
| t (p) | 2.36 (.021) | 1.03 (.303) | 0.98 (.326) | 0.45 (.652) | 0.56 (.576) | 0.46 (.655) | 1.77 (.084) | 0.83 (.406) | ||
| Concomitant disease | Yes | 54 (47.4) | 64.81±21.67 | 69.21±31.12 | 56.30±21.57 | 45.74±21.42 | 50.58±23.95 | 68.52±26.23 | 70.22±30.53 | 54.44±23.04 |
| No | 60 (52.6) | 78.00±13.63 | 87.08±20.16 | 64.67±9.99 | 54.17±18.55 | 56.46±19.59 | 72.92±18.58 | 85.14±23.47 | 61.08±18.18 | |
| t (p) | -3.83 (＜.001) | -3.59 (.001) | -2.61 (.011) | -2.25 (.026) | -1.44 (.153) | -1.02 (.309) | -2.90 (.005) | -1.71 (.089) | ||
| Aggravation of disease | Seriousa | 4 (3.5) | 72.33±18.64 | 79.55±26.77 | 60.97±16.77 | 54.55±21.27 | 54.55±21.27 | 71.11±22.14 | 79.69±25.95 | 58.78±19.87 |
| Moderateb | 7 (6.1) | 62.50±26.29 | 40.62±27.71 | 45.00±25.16 | 32.81±20.00 | 32.81±20.00 | 46.87±32.87 | 18.75±23.93 | 28.75±16.52 | |
| Stablec | 103 (90.4) | 77.50±9.57 | 90.62±10.82 | 62.50±15.00 | 48.43±35.85 | 48.43±35.85 | 78.12±18.75 | 93.75±7.97 | 58.75±35.91 | |
| F (p) | 1.70 (.499) | 4.58 (.012) | 1.72 (.183) | 2.03 (.136) | 2.03 (.136) | 2.49 (.088) | 11.72 (＜.001) | 4.17 (.018) | ||
| Scheffé | c, a＞b | c, a＞b | ||||||||
PF=physical function; RP=role physical; BP=bodily pain; GH=general health; VT=vitality; SF=social functioning; RE=role emotion; MH=mental health; MP=Medical personnel.
Liver Disease Targeted Scales of LDQOL according to General Characteristics and Clinical Characteristics (N=114)
| Characteristics | Categories | n (%) | Liver disease target scale of LDQOL | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | SxLD | ELD | Concentration | Memory | QSI | HD | SFun | SProb | Sleep | Loneliness | Hopeless | SLD | |||
| M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | |||
| Age (year) | ＜40 | 34 (29.8) | 81.31±10.62 | 87.72±14.73 | 85.55±13.22 | 94.62±10.66 | 95.69±10.68 | 79.41±12.34 | 52.45±13.32 | 85.97±12.52 | 93.14±11.87 | 67.88±19.26 | 96.24±17.57 | 73.38±20.07 | 79.71±18.54 |
| ≥40 | 80 (70.2) | 80.16±9.58 | 87.48±14.60 | 81.44±11.98 | 92.46±13.05 | 89.50±14.47 | 81.20±12.17 | 54.25±11.80 | 78.75±17.48 | 86.02±16.98 | 72.00±14.76 | 85.15±14.42 | 71.38±18.49 | 84.79±18.70 | |
| t (p) | 0.56 (.574) | 0.08 (.936) | 1.62 (.108) | 0.85 (.397) | 2.53 (.013) | -0.71 (.476) | -0.71 (.475) | 2.48 (.015) | 1.96 (.057) | -1.24 (.217) | 0.34 (.732) | 0.51 (.606) | -1.33 (.186) | ||
| Gender | Male | 94 (82.5) | 81.03±9.83 | 89.11±13.57 | 84.08±12.15 | 94.76±9.98 | 93.30±10.61 | 79.62±12.08 | 54.93±11.51 | 80.23±17.13 | 87.62±16.04 | 70.98±16.86 | 85.49±15.39 | 72.13±18.28 | 82.27±19.30 |
| Female | 20 (17.5) | 78.02±2.22 | 80.20±17.12 | 76.03±11.97 | 85.43±18.68 | 82.17±21.39 | 85.60±11.78 | 48.00±14.16 | 88.00±15.19 | 87.50±19.54 | 69.80±13.39 | 85.40±15.59 | 71.25±22.12 | 88.00±15.19 | |
| t (p) | 1.24 (.217) | 2.54 (.012) | 2.69 (.008) | 2.16 (.042) | 2.26 (.034) | -2.05 (.049) | 2.34 (.021) | -.94 (.345) | 0.01 (.986) | 0.29 (.770) | 0.02 (.981) | 0.18 (.851) | -1.45 (.155) | ||
| Spouse | Yes | 83 (72.8) | 80.70±9.23 | 88.27±13.28 | 81.99±12.30 | 93.08±12.48 | 90.88±13.23 | 81.11±12.10 | 54.74±11.47 | 80.26±16.08 | 87.50±16.33 | 72.67±14.69 | 85.49±14.30 | 71.39±18.42 | 83.29±19.30 |
| No | 31 (27.2) | 79.98±11.56 | 85.61±17.68 | 84.48±12.87 | 93.18±12.32 | 92.58±15.05 | 79.48±12.55 | 50.97±13.94 | 82.63±17.53 | 88.19±16.07 | 65.68±19.20 | 85.42±18.14 | 73.55±20.38 | 83.23±17.35 | |
| t (p) | 0.34 (.729) | 0.86 (.388) | -0.95 (.344) | -0.03 (.970) | -0.58 (.559) | 0.63 (.529) | 1.47 (.144) | -0.68 (.496) | -0.13 (.893) | 2.07 (.040) | 0.02 (.982) | -0.54 (.589) | 0.01 (.986) | ||
| Education level | ≤High school | 54 (47.4) | 79.69±10.16 | 85.60±14.57 | 81.26±11.40 | 91.48±14.65 | 87.72±16.25 | 80.52±14.39 | 53.02±12.49 | 79.97±17.62 | 87.50±17.42 | 72.44±17.02 | 85.93±13.56 | 69.17±19.13 | 85.37±18.55 |
| ≥College | 60 (52.6) | 81.24±9.63 | 89.30±14.49 | 83.94±13.29 | 94.57±9.81 | 94.61±9.97 | 80.80±9.93 | 54.33±12.08 | 81.74±15.40 | 87.71±15.21 | 69.27±15.53 | 85.07±16.90 | 74.50±18.50 | 81.39±18.82 | |
| t (p) | -0.83 (.406) | -1.35 (.178) | -1.14 (.253) | -1.30 (.194) | -2.69 (.008) | -0.12 (.905) | -0.56 (.571) | -0.57 (.570) | -0.05 (.956) | 1.04 (.299) | 0.29 (.767) | -1.51 (.133) | 1.13 (.259) | ||
| Care provider | Non-MP | 91 (79.8) | 79.84±10.33 | 86.66±14.74 | 82.25±13.23 | 92.18±13.12 | 91.50±13.79 | 79.30±12.26 | 53.63±12.50 | 80.91±17.10 | 86.26±17.14 | 69.89±16.47 | 84.92±15.75 | 71.65±19.21 | 81.61±19.83 |
| MP | 23 (20.2) | 83.12±7.40 | 91.05±13.64 | 84.33±8.76 | 96.77±8.10 | 90.72±13.63 | 86.09±10.51 | 54.06±11.41 | 80.87±13.87 | 91.67±12.42 | 74.26±15.20 | 87.65±13.75 | 73.26±18.00 | 89.86±11.57 | |
| t (p) | -1.43 (.155) | -1.29 (.199) | -.71 (.475) | -2.10 (.040) | 0.24 (.809) | -2.43 (.016) | -0.15 (.881) | 0.01 (.992) | -1.26 (.209) | -1.15 (.251) | -0.76 (.449) | -0.36 (.716) | -2.58 (.012) | ||
| Occupation | Yes | 79 (69.3) | 81.81±9.54 | 89.70±12.09 | 85.27±10.09 | 94.47±10.57 | 92.83±11.32 | 80.30±12.12 | 55.49±10.92 | 82.28±14.72 | 88.06±16.05 | 70.94±15.31 | 85.97±14.85 | 74.18±18.46 | 83.88±19.05 |
| No | 35 (30.7) | 77.55±10.09 | 82.69±18.32 | 76.80±15.17 | 90.04±15.47 | 88.00±17.70 | 81.49±12.50 | 49.71±14.17 | 77.80±19.67 | 85.94±17.14 | 70.40±18.44 | 84.34±16.59 | 67.00±19.22 | 81.90±18.14 | |
| t (p) | 2.16 (.033) | 2.07 (.044) | 3.51 (.001) | 1.54 (.130) | 1.48 (.144) | -0.47 (.635) | 2.14 (.037) | 1.34 (.181) | 0.46 (.645) | 0.16 (.872) | 0.52 (.603) | 1.89 (.061) | 0.51 (.605) | ||
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | ＜100a | 31 (27.2) | 75.25±11.47 | 81.69±17.18 | 75.47±15.28 | 88.48±16.04 | 87.74±17.14 | 77.55±15.75 | 46.88±15.51 | 76.87±20.45 | 84.62±17.95 | 65.55±20.20 | 80.39±20.82 | 65.00±20.94 | 78.39±18.62 |
| 100~199b | 34 (29.8) | 82.26±7.71 | 88.32±13.68 | 84.99±10.06 | 94.12±11.05 | 90.69±14.26 | 83.64±10.76 | 56.18±9.57 | 80.88±14.98 | 85.00±18.94 | 76.00±11.36 | 88.71±9.82 | 75.15±14.64 | 84.12±18.98 | |
| 200~299c | 20 (17.6) | 82.10±7.29 | 92.40±7.51 | 84.48±10.05 | 96.14±7.60 | 95.00±7.98 | 78.80±9.0 | 54.83±7.68 | 82.93±12.84 | 89.74±1.67 | 69.80±14.36 | 86.40±13.76 | 71.00±18.89 | 86.33±16.75 | |
| ≥300d | 29 (25.4) | 80.50±9.87 | 89.55±14.92 | 86.39±10.35 | 94.79±11.20 | 93.45±11.46 | 81.79±10.83 | 57.36±11.18 | 83.84±15.38 | 90.67±13.46 | 70.90±16.52 | 86.48±14.20 | 76.38±19.77 | 85.40±19.71 | |
| F (p) | 4.43 (.006) | 2.74 (.046) | 5.41 (.002) | 2.16 (.097) | 1.46 (.229) | 1.61 (.189) | 5.08 (.002) | 1.03 (.381) | 0.72 (.538) | 2.34 (.077) | 1.73 (.164) | 2.35 (.076) | 1.03 (.382) | ||
| Scheffé | a＜b, a＜d | a＜b, a＜d | a＜b, a＜d | ||||||||||||
| Drinking | Yes | 19 (16.7) | 83.83±6.62 | 89.53±11.52 | 87.93±8.81 | 98.20±3.95 | 96.32±8.31 | 81.47±11.79 | 58.60±10.02 | 84.44±13.07 | 92.78±12.14 | 73.05±18.18 | 88.42±9.32 | 71.05±19.41 | 86.49±16.00 |
| No | 95 (83.3) | 79.84±10.30 | 87.15±15.14 | 81.62±12.83 | 81.62±12.83 | 90.35±14.40 | 80.51±12.33 | 52.74±12.45 | 80.20±17.01 | 86.34±16.88 | 70.32±15.91 | 84.88±16.27 | 72.16±18.90 | 82.63±19.22 | |
| t (p) | 1.62 (.108) | 0.64 (.519) | 2.04 (.043) | 3.74 (＜.001) | 2.47 (.017) | 0.32 (.748) | 1.92 (.056) | 1.02 (.307) | 1.69 (.102) | 0.66 (.505) | 1.30 (.199) | -0.23 (.817) | 0.81 (.414) | ||
| Concomitant disease | Yes | 54 (47.4) | 78.81±11.73 | 84.55±18.10 | 78.67±14.10 | 91.85±13.39 | 88.33±15.86 | 80.67±13.07 | 52.16±13.51 | 77.65±20.59 | 85.75±18.57 | 71.78±16.03 | 83.33±15.94 | 70.46±20.36 | 83.40±21.83 |
| No | 60 (52.6) | 82.03±7.62 | 90.25±9.86 | 86.26±9.52 | 94.24±11.39 | 94.06±10.86 | 80.67±11.46 | 55.11±10.90 | 83.83±10.89 | 89.47±13.38 | 69.87±16.54 | 87.40±14.67 | 73.33±17.56 | 83.17±15.58 | |
| t (p) | -1.71 (.089) | -2.05 (.043) | -3.40 (.001) | -1.02 (.306) | -2.22 (.029) | 0.00 (1.000) | -1.28 (.200) | -1.97 (.052) | -1.00 (.319) | 0.62 (.533) | -1.41 (.159) | -0.80 (.421) | 0.06 (.949) | ||
| Aggravation of disease | f Seriousa | 4 (3.5) | 81.09±8.60 | 88.15±13.70 | 83.04±12.36 | 93.34±12.00 | 92.00±13.14 | 80.97±11.82 | 54.27±10.94 | 81.13±16.05 | 87.81±15.57 | 71.14±15.35 | 86.71±13.37 | 73.00±17.18 | 84.36±17.55 |
| Moderateb | 7 (6.1) | 61.99±16.08 | 67.40±29.31 | 69.39±14.10 | 79.28±22.05 | 75.00±22.52 | 65.00±13.61 | 33.33±14.40 | 67.14±82.06 | 75.00±22.04 | 57.00±23.40 | 62.00±20.00 | 37.50±9.57 | 58.33±22.02 | |
| Stablec | 103 (90.4) | 82.89±19.14 | 91.17±12.47 | 84.91±11.29 | 95.71±8.57 | 93.33±9.42 | 82.00±15.49 | 53.33±26.66 | 92.14±1.42 | 100.00±.00 | 72.00±32.65 | 77.00±38.00 | 78.75±29.54 | 85.83±28.33 | |
| F (p) | 8.18 (＜.001) | 4.17 (.018) | 2.47 (.095) | 2.61 (.078) | 3.18 (.045) | 3.45 (.035) | 6.09 (.003) | 2.38 (.097) | 1.93 (.152) | 1.45 (.238) | 6.02 (.003) | 8.25 (＜.001) | 4.02 (.021) | ||
| Scheffé | c, a＞b | c, a＞b | a, c＞b | a＞b | c＞b | c＞b | |||||||||
LDQOL=Liver Disease Quality of Life; SxLD=symptoms of liver disease; ELD=effects of liver disease; QSI=quality of social interaction; HD=health distress; SFun=sexual function; SProb=sexual problems; SLD=stigma of liver disease; MP=Medical personnel.
Variables affecting SF-36 domains and Liver Disease Targeted Scales of LDQOL domain (N=114)
| Variables | LDQOL | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SF-36 | Liver disease target scale of LDQOL | |||||||||||||
| PF | RP | BP | VT | SF | RE | MH | SxLD | ELD | Conc | Mem | QSI | HD | SexFun | |
| β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | β (p) | |
| Age | -.23 | -.20 | ||||||||||||
| (.008) | (.036) | |||||||||||||
| Male | .23 | .35 | .33 | .23 | .28 | .32 | -.20 | |||||||
| (.014) | (＜.001) | (＜.001) | (.013) | (.003) | (.001) | (.030) | ||||||||
| Income (high) | .19 | .23 | ||||||||||||
| (.041) | (.017) | |||||||||||||
| Occupation (yes) | .21 | .27 | .20 | .20 | .30 | .23 | ||||||||
| (.025) | (.004) | (.031) | (.041) | (.001) | (.014) | |||||||||
| Care provider | .18 | .20 | .23 | |||||||||||
| (.041) | (.033) | (.010) | ||||||||||||
| F-statistics | 7.76 | 15.93 | 8.55 | 4.278 | 4.74 | 14.09 | 8.03 | 6.31 | 11.21 | 9.44 | 12.58 | 5.75 | 6.17 | 4.45 |
| p | ＜.001 | ＜.001 | .004 | .041 | .011 | ＜.001 | .001 | .013 | .001 | .003 | .001 | .004 | .014 | .0.36 |
| R2 | .22 | .12 | .07 | .03 | .08 | .11 | .12 | .05 | .09 | .08 | .10 | .09 | .05 | .04 |
LDQOL=Liver disease quality of life; PF=physical function; RP=role physical; BP=bodily pain; VT=vitality; SF=social functioning; RE=role emotion; MH=mental health; SxLD=symptoms of liver disease; ELD=effects of liver disease; Conc=concentration; Mem=memory; QSI=quality of social interaction; HD=health distress; SFun=sexual function.
AST=aspartate transaminase; ALT=alanine transaminase; ALP=alkaline phosphatase; GGT=gamma glutamyl transpeptidase.
LDQOL=liver disease quality of life.
PF=physical function; RP=role physical; BP=bodily pain; GH=general health; VT=vitality; SF=social functioning; RE=role emotion; MH=mental health; MP=Medical personnel.
LDQOL=Liver Disease Quality of Life; SxLD=symptoms of liver disease; ELD=effects of liver disease; QSI=quality of social interaction; HD=health distress; SFun=sexual function; SProb=sexual problems; SLD=stigma of liver disease; MP=Medical personnel.
LDQOL=Liver disease quality of life; PF=physical function; RP=role physical; BP=bodily pain; VT=vitality; SF=social functioning; RE=role emotion; MH=mental health; SxLD=symptoms of liver disease; ELD=effects of liver disease; Conc=concentration; Mem=memory; QSI=quality of social interaction; HD=health distress; SFun=sexual function.
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