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Original Article

Effects of Simulation-based Training for Basic Life Support Utilizing Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-Technical and Technical Skills of Nursing Students

Jin Hwa Koh1, Hea Kung Hur2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(2):169-179.
Published online: April 30, 2016

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Corresponding author: Hur, Hea Kung Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju 26426, Korea. Tel: +82-33-741-0384, Fax: +82-33743-9490, E-mail: hhk0384@yonsei.ac.kr
• Received: February 1, 2016   • Accepted: April 18, 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of simulation-based training (SBT) for basic life support (BLS) utilizing video-assisted debriefing (VAD) about non-technical skills (NTSs) and technical skills (TSs). The goal of the proposed study is the evaluation of a teaching method about the correct application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
  • Methods
    The study design was a control group pre-and post-test non-synchronized experimental design. The sample included twelve teams of 36 nursing students. Both the experimental and the control groups received the SBT for BLS. Only the experimental groups received VAD where as the control groups had a verbal debriefing. Raters who used checklists for TSs and NTSs evaluated both groups. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 20.0 using Cronbach's ⍺, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Mann-Whitney U test and Willcoxon signed rank test.
  • Results
    The experimental groups scored higher than the control groups in both TSs (p=.004) and the NTSs (p=.008).
  • Conclusion
    The findings of this study suggest that NTSs are an important factor that lead CPR successfully, so VAD can be used as an efficient teaching-learning strategy in the SBT for BLS for nursing students and nurses.
  • Key Words: Video-assisted debriefing; Simulation-based training for basic life support; Non-technical skills; Technical skills
Figure 1.
Flow chart of study process.
kjan-28-169f1.jpg
Table 1.
Homogeneity Test of Dependent Variables
Variables Exp. (n=6) Cont. (n=6) U p
M±SD M±SD
Non-technical skills 10.67±4.97 19.67±6.50 -2.70 .003
Leadership 2.33±2.07 4.00±1.41 -1.62 .134
Teamwork 7.17±2.40 10.17±4.96 -1.33 .212
Task management 1.17±1.17 5.50±0.55 -2.93 .003
Technical skills 27.83±8.42 30.33±6.02 -0.32 .720
Check unresponsiveness 3.10±0.75 3.67±0.81 -1.82 .110
Call for help 2.00±1.41 2.17±1.60 -0.17 .891
Check pulse 1.67±1.96 2.50±1.22 -0.59 .551
Chest compression 9.67±2.06 11.33±1.50 -0.25 .812
Ventilation 4.33±2.25 5.17±1.16 -0.68 .518
Defibrillation 3.33±2.65 2.67±2.06 -0.33 .711
Recheck circulation 0.67±0.81 0.67±1.63 -0.86 .420
Integrity 2.33±1.86 2.17±1.32 -0.17 .862

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

Table 2.
Effects of Basic Life Support Simulation Training Using Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-technical Skills (N=12)
Variables Groups Pretest Posttest Pre-Post Mean difference
M±SD U (p) M±SD U (p) Z (p) M±SD U (p)
Non-technical skills Exp. 10.67±4.97 -2.70 (.003) 40.17±1.84 -3.36 (.001) -2.20 (.029) -29.50±3.62 -2.65 (.008)
Cont. 19.67±6.50   28.00±8.67   -2.03 (.045) -8.33±10.05
Leadership Exp. 2.33±2.07 -1.62 (.134) 7.17±0.41 -3.02 (.002) -2.68 (.033) -3.08±2.43 -2.53 (.021)
Cont. 4.00±1.41   5.33±0.82   -1.63 (.129) -1.33±1.63
Teamwork Exp. 7.17±2.40 -1.33 (.212) 25.00±1.55 -2.83 (.018) -2.98 (.021) -12.58±7.32 -2.01 (.007)
Cont. 10.17±4.96   17.50±6.32   -2.00 (.008) -7.33±7.03
Task management Exp. 1.17±1.17 -2.93 (.003) 8.00±0.00 -2.68 (.006) -2.05 (.009) -3.25±4.05 -2.90 (.003)
Cont. 5.50±0.55   5.17±1.94   -0.53 (.872) 0.33±1.96

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

Table 3.
Effects of Basic Life Support Simulation Training Using Video-assisted Debriefing on Technical Skills (N=12)
Variables Groups Pretest Posttest Pre-Post Mean difference
M±SD U (p) M±SD U (p) Z (p) M±SD U (p)
Technical skills Exp. 27.83±8.42 -0.32 53.67±0.82 -2.69 -2.20 (.023) -25.83±8.52 -2.04
Cont. 30.33±6.02 (.720) 47.83±3.43 (.006) -2.20 (.022) -17.50±5.58 (.007)
Check unresponsiveness Exp. 3.10±0.75 -1.82 4.00±0.00 0.00 -2.07 (.035) -1.17±0.75 -1.82
Cont. 3.67±0.81 (.110) 4.00±0.00 (1.00) -1.00 (.365) -0.33±0.82 (.111)
Call for help Exp. 2.00±1.41 -0.17 4.00±0.00 0.00 -2.03 (.038) -2.00±1.41 -0.16
Cont. 2.17±1.60 (.891) 4.00±0.00 (1.00) -1.84 (.099) -1.83±1.60 (.894)
Check pulse Exp. 1.67±1.96 -0.59 3.67±0.52 -0.56 -1.76 (.117) -2.00±2.09 -0.89
Cont. 2.50±1.22 (.551) 3.50±0.55 (.560) -1.89 (.088) -1.00±1.11 (.398)
Chest compression Exp. 9.67±2.06 -0.25 13.33±0.52 -2.71 -2.21 (.019) -3.67±1.86 -2.02
Cont. 11.33±1.50 (.812) 12.00±0.63 (.003) -0.85 (.421) -0.67±1.86 (.045)
Ventilation Exp. 4.33±2.25 -0.68 5.67±0.52 -0.19 -1.41 (.221) -1.33±2.42 -0.54
Cont. 5.17±1.16 (.518) 5.50±0.84 (.881) -0.37 (.651) -0.33±1.51 (.555)
Defibrillation Exp. 3.33±2.65 -0.33 7.67±0.52 -1.39 -2.21 (.018) -4.33±2.42 -0.32
Cont. 2.67±2.06 (.711) 6.50±1.87 (.250) -2.02 (.041) -3.88±2.79 (.720)
Recheck circulation Exp. 0.67±0.81 -0.86 8.00±0.00 -2.29 -2.32 (.012) -7.33±0.81 -2.19
Cont. 0.67±1.63 (.420) 5.33±1.97 (.013) -2.21 (.021) -4.66±1.97 (.025)
Integrity Exp. 2.33±1.86 -0.17 7.33±0.52 -1.99 -2.21 (.019) -5.00±2.19 -2.19
Cont. 2.17±1.32 (.862) 6.00±1.67 (.049) -2.21 (.020) -3.83±2.04 (.025)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

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    Effects of Simulation-based Training for Basic Life Support Utilizing Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-Technical and Technical Skills of Nursing Students
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(2):169-179.   Published online April 30, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.2.169
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    Effects of Simulation-based Training for Basic Life Support Utilizing Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-Technical and Technical Skills of Nursing Students
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(2):169-179.   Published online April 30, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.2.169
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    Effects of Simulation-based Training for Basic Life Support Utilizing Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-Technical and Technical Skills of Nursing Students
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    Figure 1. Flow chart of study process.

    Figure 1.

    Effects of Simulation-based Training for Basic Life Support Utilizing Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-Technical and Technical Skills of Nursing Students

    Homogeneity Test of Dependent Variables

    Variables Exp. (n=6) Cont. (n=6) U p
    M±SD M±SD
    Non-technical skills 10.67±4.97 19.67±6.50 -2.70 .003
    Leadership 2.33±2.07 4.00±1.41 -1.62 .134
    Teamwork 7.17±2.40 10.17±4.96 -1.33 .212
    Task management 1.17±1.17 5.50±0.55 -2.93 .003
    Technical skills 27.83±8.42 30.33±6.02 -0.32 .720
    Check unresponsiveness 3.10±0.75 3.67±0.81 -1.82 .110
    Call for help 2.00±1.41 2.17±1.60 -0.17 .891
    Check pulse 1.67±1.96 2.50±1.22 -0.59 .551
    Chest compression 9.67±2.06 11.33±1.50 -0.25 .812
    Ventilation 4.33±2.25 5.17±1.16 -0.68 .518
    Defibrillation 3.33±2.65 2.67±2.06 -0.33 .711
    Recheck circulation 0.67±0.81 0.67±1.63 -0.86 .420
    Integrity 2.33±1.86 2.17±1.32 -0.17 .862

    Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

    Effects of Basic Life Support Simulation Training Using Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-technical Skills (N=12)

    Variables Groups Pretest Posttest Pre-Post Mean difference
    M±SD U (p) M±SD U (p) Z (p) M±SD U (p)
    Non-technical skills Exp. 10.67±4.97 -2.70 (.003) 40.17±1.84 -3.36 (.001) -2.20 (.029) -29.50±3.62 -2.65 (.008)
    Cont. 19.67±6.50   28.00±8.67   -2.03 (.045) -8.33±10.05
    Leadership Exp. 2.33±2.07 -1.62 (.134) 7.17±0.41 -3.02 (.002) -2.68 (.033) -3.08±2.43 -2.53 (.021)
    Cont. 4.00±1.41   5.33±0.82   -1.63 (.129) -1.33±1.63
    Teamwork Exp. 7.17±2.40 -1.33 (.212) 25.00±1.55 -2.83 (.018) -2.98 (.021) -12.58±7.32 -2.01 (.007)
    Cont. 10.17±4.96   17.50±6.32   -2.00 (.008) -7.33±7.03
    Task management Exp. 1.17±1.17 -2.93 (.003) 8.00±0.00 -2.68 (.006) -2.05 (.009) -3.25±4.05 -2.90 (.003)
    Cont. 5.50±0.55   5.17±1.94   -0.53 (.872) 0.33±1.96

    Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

    Effects of Basic Life Support Simulation Training Using Video-assisted Debriefing on Technical Skills (N=12)

    Variables Groups Pretest Posttest Pre-Post Mean difference
    M±SD U (p) M±SD U (p) Z (p) M±SD U (p)
    Technical skills Exp. 27.83±8.42 -0.32 53.67±0.82 -2.69 -2.20 (.023) -25.83±8.52 -2.04
    Cont. 30.33±6.02 (.720) 47.83±3.43 (.006) -2.20 (.022) -17.50±5.58 (.007)
    Check unresponsiveness Exp. 3.10±0.75 -1.82 4.00±0.00 0.00 -2.07 (.035) -1.17±0.75 -1.82
    Cont. 3.67±0.81 (.110) 4.00±0.00 (1.00) -1.00 (.365) -0.33±0.82 (.111)
    Call for help Exp. 2.00±1.41 -0.17 4.00±0.00 0.00 -2.03 (.038) -2.00±1.41 -0.16
    Cont. 2.17±1.60 (.891) 4.00±0.00 (1.00) -1.84 (.099) -1.83±1.60 (.894)
    Check pulse Exp. 1.67±1.96 -0.59 3.67±0.52 -0.56 -1.76 (.117) -2.00±2.09 -0.89
    Cont. 2.50±1.22 (.551) 3.50±0.55 (.560) -1.89 (.088) -1.00±1.11 (.398)
    Chest compression Exp. 9.67±2.06 -0.25 13.33±0.52 -2.71 -2.21 (.019) -3.67±1.86 -2.02
    Cont. 11.33±1.50 (.812) 12.00±0.63 (.003) -0.85 (.421) -0.67±1.86 (.045)
    Ventilation Exp. 4.33±2.25 -0.68 5.67±0.52 -0.19 -1.41 (.221) -1.33±2.42 -0.54
    Cont. 5.17±1.16 (.518) 5.50±0.84 (.881) -0.37 (.651) -0.33±1.51 (.555)
    Defibrillation Exp. 3.33±2.65 -0.33 7.67±0.52 -1.39 -2.21 (.018) -4.33±2.42 -0.32
    Cont. 2.67±2.06 (.711) 6.50±1.87 (.250) -2.02 (.041) -3.88±2.79 (.720)
    Recheck circulation Exp. 0.67±0.81 -0.86 8.00±0.00 -2.29 -2.32 (.012) -7.33±0.81 -2.19
    Cont. 0.67±1.63 (.420) 5.33±1.97 (.013) -2.21 (.021) -4.66±1.97 (.025)
    Integrity Exp. 2.33±1.86 -0.17 7.33±0.52 -1.99 -2.21 (.019) -5.00±2.19 -2.19
    Cont. 2.17±1.32 (.862) 6.00±1.67 (.049) -2.21 (.020) -3.83±2.04 (.025)

    Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.
    Table 1. Homogeneity Test of Dependent Variables

    Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

    Table 2. Effects of Basic Life Support Simulation Training Using Video-assisted Debriefing on Non-technical Skills (N=12)

    Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

    Table 3. Effects of Basic Life Support Simulation Training Using Video-assisted Debriefing on Technical Skills (N=12)

    Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

    Table 1.

    Table 2.

    Table 3.

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