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Original Article

Comparison of Blood Glucose Levels from the Fingertips of Both Patients with and without Diabetes Who are Receiving Dextrose Fluid Therapy

Suk Hyun Park1, Chang Kwan Lee2, Yeon Woo Kim1, Chi Hye Kwon1
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(2):127-135.
Published online: April 30, 2016

1Department of Nursing, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul

2Department of Nursing, Korean Christian University, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Lee, Chang Kwan Department of Nursing, Korea Christian University, 47 24-gil, Kkachisan-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07661, Korea Tel: +82-2-2600-2546, Fax: +82-2-2600-2524, E-mail: jejuslee@hanmail.net
• Received: October 29, 2015   • Accepted: April 22, 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    The aim of this study was to identify the effect of dextrose intravenous fluid (IVF) on the blood glucose levels taken from both fingertips of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and those without DM.
  • Methods
    From October 2012 to February 2013, 21 DM and 25 non-DM patients were recruited. Blood glucose levels taken from the both fingertips of patients at 7AM while IVF was not infusing and at 11AM, 5PM, and 9PM while IVF was infusing.
  • Results
    The differences between the mean values of blood glucose from the fingertips at four different times was not statistically significant in DM patients as well as non-DM patients. Also intra-class correlation for blood glucose levels from the fingertips with and without IVF infusion in both groups was shown over about 0.95 at each time (p<.001).
  • Conclusion
    Blood glucose levels measured in the same fingertips of both arms were the same regardless of dextrose IVF infusion. The results indicated that IVF with dextrose may not have any significant effect on the fingertip results of blood glucose level. This study may suggest that patients' both arms and any fingertips can be used for blood glucose monitoring even when the patients are on dextrose IVF infusion.
  • Key Words: Diabetes mellitus; Fluid infusion; Blood glucose self-monitoring
Table 1.
General and Disease-related Characteristics of the Participants (N=46)
Characteristics Categories DM (n=21) Non-DM (n=25)
n (%) or M±SD n (%) or M±SD
Gender Male 12 (57.1) 11 (44.0)
Female 9 (42.9) 14 (56.0)
Age (year) 　 65.5±10.4 53.7±13.3
20~39 0 (0.0) 4 (16.0)
40~59 4 (19.0) 10 (40.0)
60~79 17 (81.0) 11 (44.0)
Duration after DM diagnosis (year)   7.0±6.6  
DM medication† Yes 20 (95.2) 0 (0.0)
No 1 (4.8) 25 (100.0)
Diagnoses Hepatobiliary tumor 8 (38.1) 10 (40.0)
Pancreatic cancer 6 (28.6) 14 (56.0)
Stomach cancer 6 (28.6) 1 (4.0)
Gallstones 1 (4.7) 0 (0.0)
RI injection Yes 11 (52.4) 0 (0.0)
No 10 (47.6) 25 (100.0)
Dose (unit) 7.0±3.4  
Fluid volume (mL) 9AM~9PM 941.5±138.1 981.3±173.0

DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; RI=regular insulin;

†Including glibenclamide, glimepiride, or meformin.

Table 2.
Blood Glucose on the Fingertip before IV Infusion (N=46)
Time Measure site for blood glucose (mg/dL) DM (n=21) Non-DM (n=25)
M±SD Z p 　M±SD t p
7AM with IV 138.95±44.81 -.13 .896 107.20±15.82 1.98 .059
without IV 143.95±45.16     102.88±15.68    

DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

Table 3.
Differences of the Blood Glucose in the Both Fingertips during IV Infusion (N=46)
Time Measure site for blood glucose (mg/dL) M±SD Non-DM (n=25)
DM (n=21) Z p M±SD t p
11AM with IV 202.55±63.70 -1.08 .291 123.16±30.25 -1.24 .226
without IV 204.68±65.65     126.24±30.66    
5PM with IV 133.45±32.03 .20 .841 101.92±8.19 -1.19 .246
without IV 134.18±36.67     103.76±11.18    
9PM with IV 139.86±29.25 -.43 .673 101.44±13.48 -.87 .393
without IV 140.64±37.16     102.56±12.22    
Mean with IV 158.41±54.31 -.10 .919 108.84±21.94 1.98 .115
without IV 159.98±58.33     110.85±22.68    

DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

Table 4.
Intra-class Correlation of the Blood Glucose on the Fingertip between with/without IV Infusion (N=46)
Time DM (n=21) Non-DM (n=25)
ICC Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI p ICC Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI p
7AM .96 .90 .98 ＜.001 .86 .69 .94 ＜.001
11AM .98 .96 .99 ＜.001 .96 .90 .98 ＜.001
5AM .96 .90 .98 ＜.001 .82 .58 .92 ＜.001
9AM .95 .88 .98 ＜.001 .93 .85 .97 ＜.001
Mean .98 .97 .99 ＜.001 .95 .92 .96 ＜.001

DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous; ICC=intra-class correlation; CI=confidence interval.

Table 5.
Changes in the Blood Glucose Levels according to Time (N=46)
Variables Group 7AM 11AM 5AM 9AM F p Scheffé F (G) F (T) F (G*T)
M±SD M±SD M±SD M±SD (p) (p) (p)
DM with IV 138.95±44.81a 202.55±63.70b 133.45±32.03a 139.86±29.25a 20.47 ＜.001 b＞a 0.05 25.58 0.04
  without IV 143.95±45.16a 204.68±65.65b 134.18±36.67a 140.64±37.16a 19.68 ＜.001 b＞a (.832) (＜.001) (.991)
Non-DM with IV 107.20±15.82a 123.16±30.25b 101.92±8.19a 101.44±13.48a 6.89 ＜.001 b＞a 0.01 12.32 0.85
  without IV 102.88±15.68a 126.24±30.66b 103.76±11.18a 102.56±12.22a 9.36 ＜.001 b＞a (.914) (＜.001) (.473)

DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

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      Comparison of Blood Glucose Levels from the Fingertips of Both Patients with and without Diabetes Who are Receiving Dextrose Fluid Therapy
      Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(2):127-135.   Published online April 30, 2016
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.2.127
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      Comparison of Blood Glucose Levels from the Fingertips of Both Patients with and without Diabetes Who are Receiving Dextrose Fluid Therapy
      Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(2):127-135.   Published online April 30, 2016
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.2.127
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      Comparison of Blood Glucose Levels from the Fingertips of Both Patients with and without Diabetes Who are Receiving Dextrose Fluid Therapy
      Comparison of Blood Glucose Levels from the Fingertips of Both Patients with and without Diabetes Who are Receiving Dextrose Fluid Therapy

      General and Disease-related Characteristics of the Participants (N=46)

      Characteristics Categories DM (n=21) Non-DM (n=25)
      n (%) or M±SD n (%) or M±SD
      Gender Male 12 (57.1) 11 (44.0)
      Female 9 (42.9) 14 (56.0)
      Age (year) 　 65.5±10.4 53.7±13.3
      20~39 0 (0.0) 4 (16.0)
      40~59 4 (19.0) 10 (40.0)
      60~79 17 (81.0) 11 (44.0)
      Duration after DM diagnosis (year)   7.0±6.6  
      DM medication† Yes 20 (95.2) 0 (0.0)
      No 1 (4.8) 25 (100.0)
      Diagnoses Hepatobiliary tumor 8 (38.1) 10 (40.0)
      Pancreatic cancer 6 (28.6) 14 (56.0)
      Stomach cancer 6 (28.6) 1 (4.0)
      Gallstones 1 (4.7) 0 (0.0)
      RI injection Yes 11 (52.4) 0 (0.0)
      No 10 (47.6) 25 (100.0)
      Dose (unit) 7.0±3.4  
      Fluid volume (mL) 9AM~9PM 941.5±138.1 981.3±173.0

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; RI=regular insulin;

      †Including glibenclamide, glimepiride, or meformin.

      Blood Glucose on the Fingertip before IV Infusion (N=46)

      Time Measure site for blood glucose (mg/dL) DM (n=21) Non-DM (n=25)
      M±SD Z p 　M±SD t p
      7AM with IV 138.95±44.81 -.13 .896 107.20±15.82 1.98 .059
      without IV 143.95±45.16     102.88±15.68    

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

      Differences of the Blood Glucose in the Both Fingertips during IV Infusion (N=46)

      Time Measure site for blood glucose (mg/dL) M±SD Non-DM (n=25)
      DM (n=21) Z p M±SD t p
      11AM with IV 202.55±63.70 -1.08 .291 123.16±30.25 -1.24 .226
      without IV 204.68±65.65     126.24±30.66    
      5PM with IV 133.45±32.03 .20 .841 101.92±8.19 -1.19 .246
      without IV 134.18±36.67     103.76±11.18    
      9PM with IV 139.86±29.25 -.43 .673 101.44±13.48 -.87 .393
      without IV 140.64±37.16     102.56±12.22    
      Mean with IV 158.41±54.31 -.10 .919 108.84±21.94 1.98 .115
      without IV 159.98±58.33     110.85±22.68    

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

      Intra-class Correlation of the Blood Glucose on the Fingertip between with/without IV Infusion (N=46)

      Time DM (n=21) Non-DM (n=25)
      ICC Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI p ICC Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI p
      7AM .96 .90 .98 ＜.001 .86 .69 .94 ＜.001
      11AM .98 .96 .99 ＜.001 .96 .90 .98 ＜.001
      5AM .96 .90 .98 ＜.001 .82 .58 .92 ＜.001
      9AM .95 .88 .98 ＜.001 .93 .85 .97 ＜.001
      Mean .98 .97 .99 ＜.001 .95 .92 .96 ＜.001

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous; ICC=intra-class correlation; CI=confidence interval.

      Changes in the Blood Glucose Levels according to Time (N=46)

      Variables Group 7AM 11AM 5AM 9AM F p Scheffé F (G) F (T) F (G*T)
      M±SD M±SD M±SD M±SD (p) (p) (p)
      DM with IV 138.95±44.81a 202.55±63.70b 133.45±32.03a 139.86±29.25a 20.47 ＜.001 b＞a 0.05 25.58 0.04
        without IV 143.95±45.16a 204.68±65.65b 134.18±36.67a 140.64±37.16a 19.68 ＜.001 b＞a (.832) (＜.001) (.991)
      Non-DM with IV 107.20±15.82a 123.16±30.25b 101.92±8.19a 101.44±13.48a 6.89 ＜.001 b＞a 0.01 12.32 0.85
        without IV 102.88±15.68a 126.24±30.66b 103.76±11.18a 102.56±12.22a 9.36 ＜.001 b＞a (.914) (＜.001) (.473)

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.
      Table 1. General and Disease-related Characteristics of the Participants (N=46)

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; RI=regular insulin;

      Including glibenclamide, glimepiride, or meformin.

      Table 2. Blood Glucose on the Fingertip before IV Infusion (N=46)

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

      Table 3. Differences of the Blood Glucose in the Both Fingertips during IV Infusion (N=46)

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

      Table 4. Intra-class Correlation of the Blood Glucose on the Fingertip between with/without IV Infusion (N=46)

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous; ICC=intra-class correlation; CI=confidence interval.

      Table 5. Changes in the Blood Glucose Levels according to Time (N=46)

      DM=diabetes mellitus; Non-DM=non-diabetes mellitus; IV=intravenous.

      Table 1.

      Table 2.

      Table 3.

      Table 4.

      Table 5.

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