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"Simulation"

Original Article

Purpose
This study analyzed nursing students’ guided reflective journals following simulation-based practice using standardized patients for the initial care of older adults experiencing falls. It aimed to provide a deeper understanding of how changes in students’ thinking occurred through the learning experience and to describe their levels of reflection.
Methods
An eight-hour simulation-based education program was implemented during a geriatric clinical practicum. The program consisted of orientation, pre-learning activities, simulation practice, and a wrap-up session. Reflective journals from 53 third-year nursing students were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
Fifty-three third-year nursing students participated and submitted reflective journals. Three categories emerged from the analysis: “preparing for simulation-based practice,” which involved students setting care plans and employing observation; (2) “experiencing patient fall management through simulation-based practice,” where students actively engaged in realistic fall management scenarios; and (3) “critical reflection after simulation-based practice,” encompassing students’ acquisition of new insights and their personal growth. In the first category, students prepared for patient encounters by developing care plans and conducting observations. The second category highlighted realistic fall management scenarios utilizing standardized patients. The third category focused on personal growth through critical reflection. In the 53 reflective journals (185,021 words), level 3 reflections accounted for 31.6% of the content, while level 5, the highest reflection level, comprised only 8.6%.
Conclusion
Post-simulation reflective journaling stimulated critical thinking and self-assessment, enabling nursing students to analyze and reflect deeply on clinical practices. This process reinforced their knowledge base and behavioral foundations essential for clinical practice.
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Review Article

Purpose
This study was a scoping review aimed at evaluating Simulation-Based Education for recognizing and responding to deteriorating patients within Korean nursing school curricula, and at developing educational strategies for these competencies.
Methods
A literature search was conducted from April 1 to April 30, 2024. The review followed the scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley and the manual by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Relevant studies were identified through databases such as the Korean Medical Database, Korean Studies Information Service System, DataBase Periodical Information Academic, Research Information Sharing Service, ScienceOn, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature.
Results
Eleven studies published from 2010 to 2019 were reviewed. The simulations typically included several lectures and practice sessions on advanced cardiopulmonary life support before the simulation exercises, which were then repeated. Cardiac arrest was frequently used as a scenario subject. The learning outcomes focused on the cognitive and psychomotor domains, as well as self-efficacy.
Conclusion
Although simulation for recognizing and responding to deteriorating patients was available in Korean nursing school curricula, it was infrequently incorporated as a regular part of the training. Future initiatives should include adding educational content to enhance nursing students' competencies in recognizing and responding to deteriorating patient simulations. Subsequent studies should assess the effectiveness of these educational methods.
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  • 8 Download
  • 0 Scopus

Original Articles

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating effect of teaching effectiveness and students’ anxiety in the relationship between simulation design characteristics and clinical reasoning competence among nursing students. Methods: The participants were 123 nursing students who underwent simulation practice. Data were collected from September 1 to October 30, 2020 using self-report questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and SPSS PROCESS Macro program (to study the multiple additive moderation effect). Results: Significant positive correlations were observed between clinical reasoning competence and simulation design characteristics (r=.57, p<.001), clinical reasoning competence and teaching effectiveness (r=.49, p<.001), while negative correlations were observed between clinical reasoning competence and students’ anxiety (r=-.33, p<.001). Teaching effectiveness and students’ anxiety had a multiple additive moderating effect on the relationship between simulation design characteristics and clinical reasoning competence among the nursing students (F=15.10, p<.001). Conclusion: The relationship between simulation design characteristics and clinical reasoning competence differed depending on the students’ anxiety. To improve the clinical reasoning competence of nursing students in simulation practice, developing interventions and techniques to manage students’ anxiety levels are important.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The mediating role of flow in the relationship between simulation design and simulation educational satisfaction in korean nursing students: a cross-sectional study
    Eun-Kyung Lee, Eun-Joo Ji
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Related to the Problem-solving Ability of Nursing Students Who Experienced Simulation Training
    Ji-Won Han
    Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2023; 11(2): 17.     CrossRef
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  • 1 Download
  • 2 Crossref
  • 1 Scopus
Development and Effectiveness of an Oncology Nursing Standardized Patient Simulation Program for Nursing Students
Kie In Jang, Yang Sook Yoo, Young Sook Roh
Korean J Adult Nurs 2019;31(6):595-604.   Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2019.31.6.595
PURPOSE
Standardized patient-based simulation is known to be a useful tool in the training of nursing students; however, few studies have examined the use of this method in oncology nursing education. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an oncology nursing simulation program that used standardized patients on knowledge, nursing performance ability, and satisfaction among nursing students.
METHODS
This study used a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The experimental group (n=25) participated in an 8-hour oncology nursing simulation program that consisted of a lecture (2 hours) and a four-session simulation program(6 hours). The control group (n=29) received case-based learning (6 hours) and a lecture (2 hours). Knowledge level was assessed with a 33-item knowledge assessment multiple-choice questionnaire. Nursing performance ability was assessed with a nursing performance ability checklist. Educational satisfaction was evaluated using the 12-item Course Satisfaction Evaluation tool. Data were collected from June to July of 2012 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed significantly higher nursing performance ability and satisfaction compared with the control group. Knowledge of oncology nursing increased in both the experimental and control groups.
CONCLUSION
An oncology nursing simulation program was more effective than case-based learning in improving nursing student performance and was found to produce high satisfaction.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact Of Simulation Design Elements on Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Systematic Review
    Matthew Jackson, Lauren McTier, Laura A. Brooks, Rochelle Wynne
    Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2024; 89: 101519.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Two Different Simulation Modalities in Palliative Care Teaching on Nursing Students' Knowledge, Satisfaction, Self-confidence, and Skills
    Abdallah Alwawi, Bahar İnkaya
    CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2023; 41(4): 246.     CrossRef
  • The Quality of Care Delivered in a Simulation Center
    Mary Beth R. Maguire, Anne White, Austin Brown
    Nurse Educator.2023; 48(1): 29.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of a Simulation-Based Experience with Standardized Participants on Learning and Clinical Decision-Making Related to Nursing Management of Oncologic Emergencies
    Sherry A. Burrell, Jennifer Gunberg Ross, Christine Byrne, MaryAnn Heverly
    Journal of Cancer Education.2023; 38(3): 870.     CrossRef
  • Standardized Patient Simulation in an Oncology Symptom Management Seminar-Style Course: Prelicensure Nursing Student Outcomes
    Sherry A. Burrell, Jennifer Gunberg Ross, Christine D’Annunzio, MaryAnn Heverly
    Journal of Cancer Education.2023; 38(1): 185.     CrossRef
  • Practices On Safe-Handling of Cytotoxic Drugs Among Oncology Nurses in Two Public Sector Hospitals
    Naila Khalid, Sarfraz Masih, Muhammad Afzal
    Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2022; : 131.     CrossRef
  • Educational methods used in cancer training for health sciences students: An integrative review
    Marta Domingo-Osle, Virginia La Rosa-Salas, Leire Ambrosio, Nerea Elizondo-Rodriguez, Cristina Garcia-Vivar
    Nurse Education Today.2021; 97: 104704.     CrossRef
  • Mixed-method study on the satisfaction of a high-fidelity simulation program in a sample of nursing-degree students
    María José Cabañero-Martínez, Sofía García-Sanjuán, Silvia Escribano, Manuel Fernández-Alcántara, José Ramón Martínez-Riera, Rocio Juliá-Sanchís
    Nurse Education Today.2021; 100: 104858.     CrossRef
  • Contemporary Integrative Review in Simulation-Based Learning in Nursing
    Vasuki Rajaguru, Jungmin Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(2): 726.     CrossRef
  • Development and Effects of Leukemia Nursing Simulation Based on Clinical Reasoning
    Aeri Jang, Miok Song, Suhyun Kim
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(8): 4190.     CrossRef
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  • 9 Scopus
Effect of Team Debriefing in Simulation-based Cardiac Arrest Emergency Nursing Education
SangJin Ko, Eun Hee Choi
Korean J Adult Nurs 2017;29(6):667-676.   Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.6.667
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to verify the effect of simulation and examine the effect of within-team debriefing for cardiac arrest emergency nursing education.
METHODS
A non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used. The participants in this study were 199 senior nursing students from one nursing school in Daegu, Korea. Data were analyzed using χ² test, t-test, Fisher's exact test with SPSS 22.0 program.
RESULTS
Developed simulation protocol in this study increased the learning immersion (t=12.19, p < .001, t=5.07, p < .001), learning confidence (t=−10.36, p < .001, t=−5.99, p < .001) and clinical performance ability (t=−10.88, p < .001, t=−3.84, p=.002) among nursing students. In addition to this, learning immersion (t=2.66, p=.008), learning confidence (t=−2.78, p=.006), simulation satisfaction (t=−3.15, p=.002) and clinical performance (t=−3.02, p=.005) were significantly higher in the experiment group using within-team debriefing.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that simulation using within-team debriefing was an effective educational method for nursing students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Effects of Simulation Based Practical Education on Nursing Students' Self-efficacy, Performance Confidence, and Educational Satisfaction
    Inok Kim
    Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science.2024; 13(1): 18.     CrossRef
  • Development of a Patient Safety Simulation Program for New Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit
    Su Jin Jung, Jin-Hee Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(1): 100.     CrossRef
  • SIMULAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA PARA ENFERMAGEM
    Amanda Diniz Silva, Suzel Regina Ribeiro Chavaglia, Fabiana Cristina Pires, Caroline Bueno de Moraes Pereira, Ingrid Fidelix de Souza, Elizabeth Barichello, Rosali Isabel Barduchi Ohl
    Enfermagem em Foco.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Peer-led Debriefing on Cognitive Load, Achievement Emotions, and Nursing Performance
    Yoon Hee Na, Young Sook Roh
    Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2021; 55: 1.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Team Debriefing-based Emergency Simulation Education
    Hwa Yeong Choi, Yeoungsuk Song
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2020; 45(2): 216.     CrossRef
  • Learning Experience of Undergraduate Nursing Students in Simulation: A Meta-synthesis and Meta-ethnography Study
    Jihae Lee, Jieun Jeon, Sooyoung Kim
    Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2019; 25(3): 300.     CrossRef
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  • 6 Crossref
  • 3 Scopus
PURPOSE
This study was designed to describe the effects of a nursing simulation focused on patients with cardiac arrest. The study was designed to measure knowledge, self-confidence, critical thinking, and clinical performance ability of nursing students.
METHODS
A non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used. Thirty students in the experimental group received two hours of pre-learning and three hours of skill and simulation practice. Another thirty students in the experimental group received a two hour conventional lecture and three hours for skill practice. The post survey was completed by both groups.
RESULTS
Students in the experiemetal group scored significantly higher than students in control group. The critical thinking disposition was not significantly different between the two groups of students.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that a simulation education program is more effective in a number of areas including knowledge, self-confidence, and clinical performance. It is recommended that simulation education should be expanded to various clinical situations.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effectiveness of a blended (distance and in-person) simulation education program on advanced cardiac life support for nursing students using the PARTNER model
    Miyoung Kang, Eunju Lee
    BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development and effects of advanced cardiac resuscitation nursing education program using web-based serious game: application of the IPO model
    Gyuli Baek, Eunju Lee
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment and Performance in Simulation of Recognizing and Responding of the Deterioriating Patient ; a retrospective mixed-methods
    Yi Kyung Ha
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(2): 42.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Korean Advanced Life Support Education on Non-Technical and Technical Skills of Nursing Students: A Pilot Study
    Yon Hee Seo, Kyong Ah Cho
    Healthcare.2021; 9(10): 1253.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of the Infectious Disease (COVID-19) Simulation Module Program on Nursing Students: Disaster Nursing Scenarios
    Won Ju Hwang, Jungyeon Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(6): 648.     CrossRef
  • Factors Affecting Attitudes Toward Defibrillator Use Among Clinical Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Dongchoon Uhm, Gyehyun Jung
    Journal of Emergency Nursing.2021; 47(2): 305.     CrossRef
  • Relationship of a Team-based Learning Using Cardiac Arrest Simulation and Learning Competency in Nursing Students: Comparison of High Self-efficacy Group with Low Self-efficacy Group
    Gun Ja Jang, Eun Young Lee, Hye Sook Kim
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2020; 45(2): 208.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a Simulation-Based CPR Training Program on Knowledge, Performance, and Stress in Clinical Nurses
    Sohyune R. Sok, Jung A. Kim, Yoonshin Lee, Youngmi Cho
    The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing.2020; 51(5): 225.     CrossRef
  • Development and Effects a Simulation-based Emergency Airway Management Education Program for Nurses in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
    Minjung Kim, Sunghee Kim
    Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(4): 518.     CrossRef
  • Simulation scenarios in Korea according to the learning objectives of adult health nursing: A literature review
    Ae Ri Jang, In Kyoung Lee, Hang Nan Cho, Piotr Mikiewicz
    Cogent Education.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Study on Nursing Students’ Knowledge, Attitude, Confidence in Performance and Behavior of Patient Safety
    Suk-Hyun SON, Jeong Sook PARK
    JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2017; 29(4): 1043.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation and Application Effect of a Home Nasogastric Tube Feeding Simulation Module for Nursing Students: An Application of the NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory
    Hee Chong Baek, Young Ran Lee, Jong Eun Lee, Jin Hwa Lee, Hyung Seon Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(3): 324.     CrossRef
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  • 12 Crossref
  • 9 Scopus
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of simulation-based training (SBT) for basic life support (BLS) utilizing video-assisted debriefing (VAD) about non-technical skills (NTSs) and technical skills (TSs). The goal of the proposed study is the evaluation of a teaching method about the correct application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
METHODS
The study design was a control group pre- and post-test non-synchronized experimental design. The sample included twelve teams of 36 nursing students. Both the experimental and the control groups received the SBT for BLS. Only the experimental groups received VAD where as the control groups had a verbal debriefing. Raters who used checklists for TSs and NTSs evaluated both groups. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 20.0 using Cronbach's α, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Mann-Whitney U test and Willcoxon signed rank test.
RESULTS
The experimental groups scored higher than the control groups in both TSs (p=.004) and the NTSs (p=.008).
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggest that NTSs are an important factor that lead CPR successfully, so VAD can be used as an efficient teaching-learning strategy in the SBT for BLS for nursing students and nurses.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effectiveness of donning and doffing personal protective equipment education using video debriefing among Korean undergraduate nursing students
    GyeJeong Yeom, Jiyun Park
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of real-time feedback and debriefing by video recording on basic life support skill in nursing students
    Mohammad Sajjad Ghaderi, Javad Malekzadeh, Seyedreza Mazloum, Tayebe Pourghaznein
    BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of simulation-based teaching on nursing skill performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Agezegn Asegid, Nega Assefa
    Frontiers of Nursing.2021; 8(3): 193.     CrossRef
  • Debriefing methods and learning outcomes in simulation nursing education: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    JuHee Lee, Hyejung Lee, Sue Kim, Mona Choi, Il Sun Ko, JuYeon Bae, Sung Hae Kim
    Nurse Education Today.2020; 87: 104345.     CrossRef
  • Comparing the learning effects of debriefing modalities for the care of premature infants
    Myung‐Nam Lee, Shin‐Jeong Kim, Kyung‐Ah Kang, Sunghee Kim
    Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(2): 243.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Debriefing Based on the Clinical Judgment Model on Simulation Based Learning Outcomes of End-of-Life Care for Nursing Students: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial
    Kyung In Jeong, Ja Yun Choi
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(6): 842.     CrossRef
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  • 6 Crossref
Reliability and Validity of the Assessment Tool for Measuring Communication Skills in Nursing Simulation Education
Hee Mo Yang, Seon Young Hwang
Korean J Adult Nurs 2016;28(1):95-105.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.1.95
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to test whether Health Communication Assessment Tool (HCAT) developed by Campbell et al. in 2013 can be applied to assess Korean nursing students' communication skills in simulation education.
METHODS
The content validity of the Korean version of HCAT (K-HCAT) was evaluated through expert's assessment and a principal component analysis was conducted for testing construct validity. The convergent validity was tested by measuring relationship between the K-HCAT and those of existing communication assessment tool for standardized patient instruction. The evaluation was done by surveying 154 senior students from four different nursing colleges.
RESULTS
The K-HCAT was condensed into 15 items from the original 22 HCAT items. Four factors were extracted from the principal component analysis; factor loadings ranged from .50 to .83; cumulative explained variance was 62.65%. Four factors were entitled as 'relationship building', 'empowering', 'empathy/response', and 'education/feedback'. Cronbach's α for sub-dimensions ranged from .73 to .84. An evaluation of convergent validity showed that the scores of the K-HCAT were moderately correlated with those of an assessment tool for standardized patient instruction.
CONCLUSION
The K-HCAT can be used as an effective tool for assessing nursing students' communication skills in various kinds of simulation educations Further research is needed to test the consistency of the K-HCAT.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of grit, empathy, and communication competence on the clinical competence of nursing students in the post-COVID-19 era in Korea: a cross-sectional study
    Soo-Hyun Nam, Seurk Park
    Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2025; 27(1): 115.     CrossRef
  • The effects of problem-based learning integrated with the nursing process on clinical reasoning, communication skills attitude and nursing process competency among nursing students: A quasi-experimental study
    Ji Sun Lee, Hae Kyoung Son
    Nurse Education in Practice.2024; 81: 104131.     CrossRef
  • Development and Validation of the Therapeutic Communication Scale in Nursing Students
    Soolgi Han, Jinhee Yoo, Kyonghwa Kang
    Healthcare.2024; 12(3): 394.     CrossRef
  • The Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Geriatric Disaster Nursing Simulation Intervention With Supportive Debriefing
    Joo-Young Jin, Yun-Jung Choi
    Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare.2024; 19(5): e84.     CrossRef
  • Communication training program for nurses caring for patients with aphasia: a quasi-experimental study
    Yujin Hur, Younhee Kang
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Technology-based interactive communication simulation addressing challenging communication situations for nursing students
    Yeseul Jeon, Heeseung Choi, Ujin Lee, Hannah Kim
    Journal of Professional Nursing.2024; 53: 71.     CrossRef
  • The Validity and Reliability of Nursing Assessment Communication-Competence Scale for Clinical Nurses
    Hyojin Kim, Heeyoung Oh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(1): 78.     CrossRef
  • Technology-based interactive communication simulation for Korean nurses: A randomized controlled repeated-measures design
    Heeseung Choi, Yeseul Jeon, Ujin Lee, Junggeun Ahn, Hannah Kim
    Nurse Education Today.2023; 128: 105879.     CrossRef
  • The effects of simulation-based education on the communication and clinical judgment of nursing students and nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Jung Min Park, Sangeun Jun
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 203.     CrossRef
  • Effects of simulation problem-based learning based on Peplau's Interpersonal Relationship Model for cesarean section maternity nursing on communication skills, communication attitudes and team efficacy
    Jeongim Lee, Hae Kyoung Son
    Nurse Education Today.2022; 113: 105373.     CrossRef
  • The effects of a home-visit nursing simulation for older people with dementia on nursing students' communication skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking propensity: Quantitative research
    Yun-Jung Choi, Youn-Joo Um
    Nurse Education Today.2022; 119: 105564.     CrossRef
  • An Integrative Review of Simulation Programs for Nursing Students: Patient and Caregiver-Centered Communication
    Soolgi Han, Jinhee Yoo, Kyongwha Kang
    Korean Journal of Stress Research.2021; 29(3): 168.     CrossRef
  • Testing the Validity and Reliability of the Adapted Health Communication Assessment Tool©
    Tamara Baird, Virginia Ruth Corey, Jenna Sissom, Jennifer Weber, Suzanne Hetzel Campbell
    Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2021; 52: 50.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Empathy and Gender Role Identity on Communication Competence in Nursing College Students
    Hyun Sook Choi, Kyung Ae Kim, SankBok Lee, Hyeyoung Joung
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2020; 13(3): 41.     CrossRef
  • Effect of SEGUE-based communication education on nursing simulation practice: a quasi-experimental design
    Hae Kyoung Son, Dong Hee Kim
    Contemporary Nurse.2019; 55(4-5): 330.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Standardized Patient and Faculty Agreement in Evaluating Nursing Students’ Assessment and Communication Skills
    Young Ju Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2017; 24(3): 189.     CrossRef
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Effects of Simulation on Nursing Students' Knowledge, Clinical Reasoning, and Self-confidence: A Quasi-experimental Study
Ji Young Kim, Eun Jung Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2015;27(5):604-611.   Published online October 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.5.604
PURPOSE
Knowledge, clinical reasoning, and self-confidence are the basis for undergraduate education, and determine students\' level of competence. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the addition of a one-time simulation experience to the didactic curriculum on nursing students' knowledge acquisition, clinical reasoning skill, and self-confidence.
METHODS
Using a quasi-experimental crossover design consisted of intervention and wait-list control groups. Participants were non-randomly assigned to the first intervention group (Group A, n=48) or the wait-list control group (Group B, n=46). Knowledge level was assessed through a multiple choice written test, and clinical reasoning skill was measured using a nursing process model-based rubric. Self-confidence was measured using a self-reported questionnaire.
RESULTS
Results indicated that students in the simulation group scored significantly higher on clinical reasoning skill and related knowledge than those in the didactic lecture group; no difference was found for self-confidence.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that undergraduate nursing education requires a simulation-based curriculum for clinical reasoning development and knowledge acquisition.

Citations

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  • Effects of Discussion-Based Legality-Focused Nursing Record Education on Nursing Students’ Knowledge, Self-Confidence, and Nursing Record Performance
    Dohye Kim, Kyoungrim Kang, Jeongyeong Jeon
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(1): 14.     CrossRef
  • Simulation-Based Learning Supported by Technology to Enhance Critical Thinking in Nursing Students: Scoping Review
    Hege Vistven Stenseth, Simen A Steindal, Marianne Trygg Solberg, Mia Alexandra Ølnes, Anne Lene Sørensen, Camilla Strandell-Laine, Camilla Olaussen, Caroline Farsjø Aure, Ingunn Pedersen, Jaroslav Zlamal, Jussara Gue Martini, Paula Bresolin, Silje Christi
    Journal of Medical Internet Research.2025; 27: e58744.     CrossRef
  • Strategies to develop clinical reasoning in nursing students: A structured review
    Adele Neethling, Lizeth Roets
    Health SA Gesondheid.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative study between high-fidelity simulation and medium-fidelity simulation in decision-making of nursing students: experimental study
    Hugo Miguel Santos Duarte, Joana Antunes Castanheira, Ana Sofia Ferreira Pereira, Ângela Pragosa, Edna Tatiana Prazeres Santos, Maria dos Anjos Dixe
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Estudio comparativo entre simulación de alta fidelidad y simulación de mediana fidelidad en la toma de decisiones de estudiantes de enfermería: estudio experimental
    Hugo Miguel Santos Duarte, Joana Antunes Castanheira, Ana Sofia Ferreira Pereira, Ângela Pragosa, Edna Tatiana Prazeres Santos, Maria dos Anjos Dixe
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Using "board games" to improve the effectiveness of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation care for nurses in intensive care unit
    Hsin-Yi Wang, Chu-Yu Huang, Sophia H. Hu, Su-Fen Cheng
    Nurse Education in Practice.2024; 75: 103895.     CrossRef
  • The effect of simulation-based learning on nursing students' clinical decision-making skills: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    Selçuk Görücü, Gülengün Türk, Zekiye Karaçam
    Nurse Education Today.2024; 140: 106270.     CrossRef
  • Estudo comparativo entre simulação de alta-fidelidade e simulação de média-fidelidade na tomada de decisão de estudantes de enfermagem: estudo experimental
    Hugo Miguel Santos Duarte, Joana Antunes Castanheira, Ana Sofia Ferreira Pereira, Ângela Pragosa, Edna Tatiana Prazeres Santos, Maria dos Anjos Dixe
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of high-fidelity simulation airway management training program on nursing students’ performance, satisfaction, and self-confidence in Palestine
    Ahmad Mohammad Sati Hodrob, Malakeh Z. Malak, Ahmad Ayed
    Interactive Learning Environments.2024; 32(1): 325.     CrossRef
  • Impact Of Simulation Design Elements on Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Systematic Review
    Matthew Jackson, Lauren McTier, Laura A. Brooks, Rochelle Wynne
    Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2024; 89: 101519.     CrossRef
  • Student Nurses’ Perceptions of the Role of High-Fidelity Simulation in Developing Decision-Making Skills for Clinical Practice: A Qualitative Research Study
    Naim Abdulmohdi, Andrew McVicar
    SAGE Open Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of Simulation-Based Education for Caring Patients with COVID-19
    Min Hye Lee, Eun-Young Noh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(4): 397.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Clinical Reasoning While Attending Critical Care Postsimulation Reflective Learning Conversation
    Emad Almomani, Jacqueline Sullivan, Jisha Samuel, Ahmed Maabreh, Natalie Pattison, Guillaume Alinier
    Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing.2023; 42(2): 63.     CrossRef
  • Development and assessment of a curriculum model for virtual simulation in nursing: curriculum development and pilot-evaluation
    Hyunsook Shin, Dahae Rim
    BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influence of simulation design on stress, anxiety and self‐confidence of nursing students: Systematic review with meta‐analysis
    George Oliveira Silva, Flavia Silva e Oliveira, Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho, Luciana Mara Monti Fonseca, Flaviana Vely Mendonça Vieira, Suzanne Hetzel Campbell, Natália Del Angelo Aredes
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2023; 32(17-18): 5668.     CrossRef
  • The Use of Simulation in Audiology Education: A Systematic Review
    Ahmad A. Alanazi, Nannette Nicholson
    American Journal of Audiology.2023; 32(3): 640.     CrossRef
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Relationship between Non-technical Skills and Resuscitation Performance of Nurses' Team in in-situ Simulated Cardiac Arrest
Eun Jung Kim, Kyeong Ryong Lee
Korean J Adult Nurs 2015;27(2):146-155.   Published online April 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.146
PURPOSE
The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the relationship between non-technical skills (NTSs) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance of nurses' teams in simulated cardiac arrest in the hospital.
METHODS
The sample was 28 teams of nurses in one university hospital located in Seoul. A high fidelity simulator was used to enact simulated cardiac arrest. The nurse teams were scored by raters using both the CPR performance checklist and the NTSs checklist. Specifically the CPR performance checklist included critical actions; time elapsed to initiation of critical actions, and quality of cardiac compression. The NTSs checklist was comprised of leadership, communication, mutual performance monitoring, maintenance of guideline, and task management. Data were collected directly from manikin and video recordings.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference between the medians of the NTSs and CPR performance (Mann Whitney U=43.5, p=.014). In five subcategories, communication (p=.026), mutual performance monitoring (p=.005), and maintenance of guideline (p=.003) differed significantly with CPR performance in medians. Leadership (p=.053) and task management (p=.080) were not significantly different with CPR performance.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that NTSs of teams in addition to technical skills of individual rescuers affect the outcome of CPR. NTSs development and assessment should be considered an integral part of resuscitation training.

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    Soyeon Yun, Hyeoun‐Ae Park, Sang‐Hoon Na, Hee Je Yun
    Nursing & Health Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Simon Cooper, Clifford Connell, Robyn Cant
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    Yon Hee Seo, Kyong Ah Cho
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    Eunsook Kim
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    Eun-Ho Ha, Kyoung-Soon Hyun
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Effects of a Colonoscopy based Simulation Education Program on Knowledge and Clinical Performance in Nursing Students
Hyo Youn Kim, Hae Ran Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2015;27(2):135-145.   Published online April 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.135
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a colonoscopy simulation program on knowledge and clinical performance among nursing students.
METHODS
The program consisted of a scenario with three objectives: health assessment, nursing before/after colonoscopy and emergency care for bleeding following the colonoscopy. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The sample was 149 nursing students recruited from H University in G city from August, 2013 to December, 2014. The treatment group (n=71) received the simulation and the comparison group (n=78) received the usual lecture program. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2 test, t-test and repeated measure ANOVA using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program.
RESULT
Participants in the treatment group had significantly increased reported scores on both knowledge and clinical performance.
CONCLUSION
Results indicate that the simulated program is a useful strategy for improving knowledge and clinical performance among nursing students. The development of simulation practice programs in a variety of fields are needed in order to promote the practical competence of nursing students.

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  • A Literature Review of Simulation-Based Nursing Education in Korea
    Sumee Oh, Jungmin Park
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    Eunyoung Kim, Sang Suk Kim, Sunghee Kim
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    Hee Sook Kim, Gie Ok Noh
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of multi-mode simulation learning on critical thinking disposition, on the problem solving process and on clinical competence of nursing students.
METHODS
A non-equivalent control group with pre-posttest was designed. The participants in this study were 65 students who were enrolled in an emergency and critical nursing course at N university. The treatment group consisted of 33 juniors in 2010 and the control group 32 juniors in 2011. Collected data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, and ANCOVA with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 for Window Program.
RESULTS
There were significant increases in problem solving process and clinical competence in the treatment group who participated in the multi-mode simulation learning compared to the control group who did not (t=-2.39, p=.020; F=12.76, p=.001). However, there were no significant differences in critical thinking disposition between the treatment and control group (t=0.40, p=.692).
CONCLUSION
Multi-mode simulation is an effective teaching and learning method to enhance the problem solving process and clinical competence of nursing students. Further exploration is needed to develop and utilize multi-mode simulation for diverse scenarios, depending on emergency nursing educational goals and environments and to develop a universal method to measure outcomes.

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PURPOSE
This study was conducted to test the impact of simulation-based education program for emergency airway management on self-efficacy and clinical performance ability.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group pre-post test design was used. A total of 60 nurses, 30 nurses assigned to the simulation-based education group and 30 nurses to a traditional lecture group. The treatment group received a lecture, small group workshop and team simulation whereas the comparison group received lectures.
RESULTS
The participants in the simulation-based education group reported significantly higher self-efficacy of emergency airway management compared to participants in the lecture only group (t=5.985, p<.001). The simulation-based education group showed significantly higher clinical performance ability of emergency airway management compared with the lecture group (t=5.532, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
Simulation-based education was verified to be an effective teaching method to improve the self-efficacy, clinical performance skills of nurses in the learning of emergency airway management.

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Effects of a Simulation based Clinical Reasoning Practice Program on Clinical Competence in Nursing Students
Hea Kung Hur, Young Sook Roh
Korean J Adult Nurs 2013;25(5):574-584.   Published online October 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2013.25.5.574
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a simulation based clinical reasoning practice program on clinical competence in nursing students. The program was based on the theoretical frameworks of simulation models and experiential learning theory.
METHODS
The program consisted of eight scenarios which includes three main symptoms (abdominal pain, changes in mental status, dyspnea), for improvement of clinical competencies in nursing students. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for evaluation of the effects of the program. Fifty-two junior nursing students in Y University participated in the experimental group (n=25) or control group (n=27). Critical thinking was measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Clinical judgment and clinical performance were measured by a rater using the Rubric. Descriptive analysis, t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for data analyses.
RESULTS
Clinical judgment and clinical performance increased in the experimental group, but there were no significant differences in critical thinking.
CONCLUSION
Results indicate that the program developed in this study is a useful strategy to enhance clinical judgment and clinical performance in nursing students. However, the program did not significantly enhance critical thinking disposition, and further study is needed to measure integrated clinical competence including critical thinking skills.

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The Effects of Simulation Training With Hybrid Model for Nursing Students on Nursing Performance Ability and Self Confidence
Suk Jeong Lee, Young Mi Park, Sang Mi Noh
Korean J Adult Nurs 2013;25(2):170-182.   Published online April 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2013.25.1.170
PURPOSE
This study investigated the effectiveness of simulation training with a hybrid model of student nurses' performance ability and reported self confidence.
METHODS
A nonequivalent control group with pre-posttest was designed. Data collection was done during the first semester in 2012 at a college of nursing in Seoul. Nursing performance ability and reported self confidence related to taking care of patients with urinary problems were evaluated. The treatment group (n=96) received simulation training of a catheterization procedure with a hybrid model involving standardized patients and a mannequin. Nursing students in the comparison group (n=84) did not receive the simulation training but would receive it prior to their next clinical practicum's.
RESULTS
The treatment group showed a significantly higher performance ability and reported self confidence than that of the comparison group. The perceived helpfulness and contentment of the simulation training in experimental group was high.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study demonstrated that simulation with a hybrid model was effective in teaching skills prior to the clinical experience which suggests that skill development is not dependent on the actual clinical situation. Nurse educators should consider simulation training as a tool beyond that of clinical practicum.
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Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effects of Simulation Training for New Graduate Critical Care Nurses on Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Performance Ability of Emergency Situations at Intensive Care Unit
Sunju Chang, Eunok Kwon, Young Ok Kwon, Hee Kyoung Kwon
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2010;22(4):375-383.   Published online August 31, 2010
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine if simulation training affects new graduate critical care nurses' knowledge, self-efficacy, and performance ability in emergency situations. METHODS: Forty new graduate critical care nurses were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. The experimental group had didactic with simulation. The control group received only didactic without simulation about emergency situations. The data were collected before and after the training interventions. An independent t-test used for difference among variables. RESULTS: There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups or any differences on data collected knowledge, self-efficacy and performance ability. Following the training, there were significant performance ability scores (p<.001) among the nurses receiving didactic with simulation. There were no significant difference between the two groups relative to knowledge scores (p=.117), or the self-efficacy scores (p=.100). CONCLUSION: This study showed that simulation training for new graduate critical care nurses is useful to improve performance ability on emergency situations. Hence, providing simulation training to critical care nurses during an orientation period would improve quality of critical care nursing and help the new graduates nurse's adaptation.
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Original Articles
Learning Element Recognition and Academic Achievement of Nursing Student Receiving PBL with Simulation Education
Ji Yun Kim, Eun Young Choi
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2008;20(5):731-742.   Published online October 31, 2008
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze how a nursing student recognizes PBL with simulation education and its relationship to academic achievement.
METHODS
The study objects were the students in C college who learn through PBL using simulator for 15 weeks(September 2007 to December 2007). Learning element recognition was developed by Cho(2002) and three key evaluations(performance, self-evaluation, and colleague evaluation) were designed by professors.
RESULTS
Learning element recognition ranged from 2.37 to 4.83 with the average at 3.94. For Learning element recognition, students who preferred discussion score 4.15. This was statistically more significant than those who do not. Students who preferred presentations show significantly higher score in colleague evaluation. For Learning element recognition and academic achievement, self-evaluation and colleague evaluation showed relationship to PBL learning element.
CONCLUSION
There was definitely a relationship with PBL learning element and academic achievement after learning the PBL with simulation education.
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Development and Evaluation of a Simulation-based Education Course for Nursing Students
Jin Ju Yang
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2008;20(4):548-560.   Published online August 31, 2008
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to develop a simulation-based education course and to evaluate the results after the application for second year nursing students. METHODS: This study was a non-equivalent control pre-post design. Based on the clinical situation scenarios about patients with COPD and MI, a total of two simulation-based learning modules was developed. Pretest and posttest was conducted to evaluate the difference in critical thinking disposition, problem solving, and clinical competence between two groups of 102 students for the experimental group, 2007 and 90 students for the control group, 2006. The experimental group conducted a clinical performance evaluation in the final test, on December 10, 2007. RESULTS: In the experimental group, knowledge related to learning objectives was significantly increased and core intervention was performed almost exactly, but the same result was not observed in domains of analysis of laboratory test, and nursing education for patients. Self-evaluated clinical competence and problem solving level were significantly more improved in the experimental group than control group, but critical thinking disposition level wasn't. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, a simulation-based education course needs to utilize self-directed learning module like computer-based learning through web contents and MicroSim and video productions for improving nursing students' critical thinking.
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