Purpose
This study was a scoping review designed to identify research trends in intervention studies related to the frailty of older adults in Korea.
Methods
The scoping review utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol. A literature search was conducted on DBpia, KISS, KMBASE, NDSL, RISS, CINAHL, and PubMed. In total, 1,131 articles were identified, and 41 articles were used for the final analysis. Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted characteristics using pre-tested forms to determine the final inclusion.
Results
The most widely utilized measurement tools were the Frailty phenotype scale and a basic measurement tool for frail older adults used in a customized visiting health care project at a public health center. For the intervention program, an exercise program as well as educational and cognitive enhancement programs, nutrition kit provision, etc., was used in 40 studies. The most common outcome variables measured in this study were bodily function followed by body composition. In addition, depression, quality of life, cognitive function, daily activities, perceived health status, and falling incidents were measured.
Conclusion
Research related to frailty is being conducted on community-dwelling older adults, to develop and apply interventions suitable for institutionalized older adults. In research, the use of reliable tools to determine any weakness of older adults should be expanded, and various interventions such as psychosocial interventions, nutritional provision, and exercise programs should be developed and applied.

Purpose
The study sought to investigate the relationships between beliefs about medications, self-efficacy of medication use, social support and medication adherence, and the general factors associated with medication adherence among the elderly living with chronic disease. Methods: This study took the form of a descriptive survey involving 222 elderly outpatients - aged 65 years or older - who visited S medical center, located in S city. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires from July to August 2019. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a hierarchical multiple regression via the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean score for medication adherence was 61.80±10.19 (range 16~80). Participants' medication adherence positively correlated with beliefs about medications (r=.17, p=.012), self-efficacy for medication use (r=.31, p<.001) and social support (r=.20, p=.003). Frequency of alcohol consumption (β=-.20, p=.001), burden level of medical costs (β=-.18, p=.012), experience of side-effects (β=-.21, p=.001), medication-taking education (β=.17, p=.008), beliefs about medication (β=.13, p=.038), and self-efficacy for medication use (β=.19, p=.004) explained for 24.9% of medication adherence (F=6.23, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to consider the beliefs about medication and self-efficacy for medication use when developing educational programs aimed at improving medication adherence among the elderly living with chronic diseases.

Citations

• Factors associated with health literacy in older adults aged 65 and over: a secondary data analysis of the 2021 Korea Health Panel applying the Andersen behavioural model
  Yeong Eun Kim, Ol Han, Chang Sun Moon
  BMJ Open.2025; 15(3): e085696.     CrossRef
• Factors associated with medication adherence among older adults with multimorbidity: A culture perspective
  Eunhwa Lee, MoonKi Choi
  Geriatric Nursing.2024; 55: 297.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing the Medication Adherence in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Bongsil Lim, Min Young Kim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2023; 26(2): 87.     CrossRef
• Development and effectiveness of an integrated medication management program centered on senior welfare centers for older adults with hypertension: A cross-sectional study
  Heuijeong Moon, Dukyoo Jung
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(3): 297.     CrossRef
• Relationships between health literacy, self-efficacy, and medication adherence in older people with polypharmacy: A cross-sectional study
  Jee Young Cho, Sun Ju Chang
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(4): 357.     CrossRef
• Effects of Changes in Multiple Chronic Conditions on Medical Costs among Older Adults in South Korea
  Soojin Park, Jin Young Nam
  Healthcare.2022; 10(4): 742.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships between person-centered care, nursing workplace spirituality, stress for elderly care, and nursing practice environment and to identify factors associated with person-centered care in long-term care hospital nurses.
METHODS
The participants of this study were nurses at long-term care hospitals in Jeollabuk-do and Chungcheongnan-do. Data was collected between July 20 and August 20, 2018 from questionnaire responses received 171 nurses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and enter multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 22.0 program.
RESULTS
The mean score of person-centered care was 2.98±0.55 out of 5 points, nursing workplace spirituality scored 4.83±0.78 out of 7 points, stress for elderly care scored 2.96±0.37 out of 4 points, and nursing practice environment scored 2.40±0.42 out of 4 points. Person-centered care showed statistically significant positive correlations with nursing workplace spirituality (r=.51, p<.001) and nursing practice environment (r=.63, p<.001). Nursing practice environment showed a significant positive correlation with nursing workplace spirituality (r=.49, p<.001). Nursing practice environment, nursing workplace spirituality, and years of experience as nurse were significantly associated with person-centered care in long-term care hospital nurses.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of this study, strategies are needed to improve the nursing practice environment and nursing workplace spirituality in order to enhance the person-centered care of long-term care hospital nurses. Moreover, it is necessary to explore educational measures to strengthen the person-centered care skills according to nursing career.

Citations

• Influence of Clinical Nursing Competency and Nursing Working Environment of Psychiatric Nurses on Person-Centered Care
  Pan Heui Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(3): 229.     CrossRef
• Influence of Person-Centered Perioperative Nursing and Patient Safety Competency on Patient Safety Management Activities among Operating Room Nurses: A Descriptive Survey Study
  Ji Yong Shin, Eun Hee Jang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(2): 97.     CrossRef
• Does Context Count? The Association Between Quality of Care and Job Characteristics in Residential Aged Care and Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Batoul Hodroj, Kïrsten A Way, Theresa L Scott, April L Wright, Asmita Manchha, Patricia C Heyn
  The Gerontologist.2023; 63(6): 1012.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing the Performance of Person-centered Care Among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
  Hyun-Joung Yun, Jaehee Jeon
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(4): 413.     CrossRef
• Effects of Compassionate Competence, Communication Skills, and Nursing Work Environment on Person-centered Care in General Hospital Nurses who Care for Cancer Patients
  Mi Jin Han, Seonho Kim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2022; 25(1): 11.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Moral Distress, Empowerment and Nursing Practice Environment on Nurses’ Person-centered Care in Long-term Care Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Se Ryoung Jung, Hae Young Min
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(3): 291.     CrossRef
• Structural Equation Modeling of Person-Centered Nursing in Hospital Nurses
  Yeon Hee Bae, Hye-Ah Yeom
  Healthcare.2022; 10(3): 514.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Nursing Competence on Patient-Centered Care among Nurses Caring for Patients with Chronic Disease: The Mediating Effect of Burnout and the Moderating Effect of Nursing Work Environment
  Jin-Yeong Ahn, Young Eun
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(2): 134.     CrossRef
• A predictive model of the perceptions of patient-centered care among nurses in long-term care hospitals: A cross-sectional study
  Myonghwa Park, Hyun Jeong, Thi-Thanh-Tinh Giap
  Geriatric Nursing.2021; 42(3): 687.     CrossRef
• Impact of Job Engagement on the Quality of Nursing Services: The Effect of Person-Centered Nursing in South Korean Nurses
  Hyesun Kim, Kawoun Seo
  Healthcare.2021; 9(7): 826.     CrossRef
• The Effects of the Nursing Practice Environment and Self-leadership on Person-centered Care Provided by Oncology Nurses
  Sun-Ui Shin, Hyun-E Yeom
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2021; 24(3): 174.     CrossRef
• Conceptualization of Person-Centered Care in Korean Nursing Literature: A Scoping Review
  Ji Yea Lee, Sewon Lee, Eui Geum Oh
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(4): 354.     CrossRef
• Lived experiences toward moral distress among long-term care hospital nurses: A phenomenological approach
  So young Lee, Jung A Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(2): 167.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore in depth the essential structure and meaning of disease experience for the elderly living alone with Parkinson disease, and provide basic data and grounds for national and social support measures and nursing intervention development for them.
METHODS
In this study, van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological methodology was applied, and data were collected from April to September 2015. Participants were 12 elderly people aged over 65 who live alone in Chungcheongnam-do and Daejeon Metropolitan City and have Parkinson disease. Data were collected until saturation through in-depth interviews and participant observations.
RESULTS
Through analysis of the experience of participants of this study, 7 essential themes and 18 investigated themes were derived in the 4 existing bodies of world of life that they experienced. “Can't accept the disease that came after a hard life”, “Catch the hopes”, “Feel painful body and soul because my body does not move at will”, “Want life and death without pain anymore”, “Don't want to reveal my disease to others”, “Look for something to rely on and to feel secure”, and “Want to return the helps that I received from others” were derived.
CONCLUSION
It is suggested that nursing providers must provide individualized nursing intervention, which the elderly living alone with Parkinson disease truly need, through deep sympathy for their disease experience.

Citations

• The lived experience of health-management in patients with Parkinson’s disease
  Hye Gyeong Son, Hyun-Joo Park, Sang Jin Kim, A-Leum Han
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(4): 423.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Depression: Comparison between Elders Living Alone and Elders Not Living Alone
  Sun-Ae Kim, Myoungjin Kwon, Kawoun Seo
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2019; 21(2): 51.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was designed to investigate the impact of the elderly's basic psychological needs and wisdom on successful aging.
METHODS
The study participants were 150 elderly people aged at least fifty five years of age. The participants were drawn from six welfare centers serving the elderly located in Gwangju metropolitan city, Naju city, and Jeonnam province from February 2017 to March 2017. Data were collected by three self-report questionnaires measuring successful aging, basic psychological needs, and wisdom. For data analysis, SPSS/WIN 18.0 program was utilized including one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression.
RESULTS
This study showed a positive correlation between successful aging and basic psychological needs (r=.75 p < .001), wisdom(r=.74 p < .001). In addition, successful aging has a positive correlation with autonomy (r=.32 p < .001), competence (r=.77 p < .001), and relationship (r=.73 p < .001). The competency (β=.40), relationship (β=.18), wisdom (β=.34) have a 69% (F=96.38, p < .001) explanatory power for the successful aging in the elderly.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest the necessity to support the basic psychological needs of the elderly in order to support wise lives.

Citations

• Attitudes Toward Aging and Influencing Factors in Middle Adulthood
  Jung-Ha Kim, Hye-Yeon Kim
  Journal of Families and Better Life.2025; 43(1): 143.     CrossRef
• COVID-19 Outbreak Restrictions on Daily Activities and Its Psychological Impact on Elderly: A Scoping Review
  Mohamad Qayum Mohamad Sabri, Syahirah Robani, Nor Faridah Ahmad Roslan, Kwai Sang Yau Matthew, Ahmad Zamir Che Daud
  Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2022; 18(s15): 349.     CrossRef
• Study of the Successful Aging of the Elderly Women in Rural Area
  So Hee Shin, Keum Seong Jang, On Choi
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2019; 44(2): 198.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was to explore and describe the reported experiences of elderly spouses who care their bedridden spouse in the home.
METHODS
The participants of this study were 14 male and female elderly spouses who live in B metropolitan city and have provided care for more than six months. Data were collected from July 3 to November 6, 2014. Data analysis was done simultaneously with data collection, using the analytical methods of Strauss and Corbin for Grounded theory.
RESULTS
The core category was identified as ‘ going together bearing a heavy burden of care in old age.’ In this study, the caring process of elderly spouses can be explained in terms of three stages such as ‘ a period of trial and error,’‘ a period of mastering a role,’ and ‘ a period of role transcendence’.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study can provide an intervention framework to reduce the heavy burden of caring for an elderly spouse.

Citations

• Mechanism for meeting the care of older adults in rural China—relying on spouse, offspring or community?
  Ziyue Dong, Jianliang Nie, Dan Li, Yufeng Wu
  BMC Geriatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Understanding the Roles of over 65-Year-Old Male and Female Carers: A Comparative Analysis of Informal Caregiving
  Purificación Ballester, Clara Pérez-Esteve, Alicia Sánchez-García, Eva Gil-Hernández, Mercedes Guilabert, José Joaquín Mira
  Geriatrics.2025; 10(3): 75.     CrossRef
• Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire–Carer
  JuHee Lee, Young H. Sohn, Seok Jong Chung, Sung Hae Kim, Yujin Suh, Jungah Park, Yielin Kim
  Journal of Clinical Neurology.2023; 19(6): 547.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this secondary data analysis study was to compare what factors influenced individual's satisfaction with emergency medical services (EMS).
METHODS
Data were obtained from the Korea Health Panel Survey 2013 with 20,641 participants. A total sample of emergency room (ER) users (n=1,709) aged 20 and over were selected and divided into two age groups, one for 1,046 adults and the other for 663 elderly. Participants' responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ² test and logistic regression.
RESULTS
Among adults and elderly who were transferred to other hospitals instead of being admitted or returned to their homes reported less satisfaction (χ²=10.18, p=.006). Further, the adults who perceived their arrival to the ER as not delayed (χ²=3.74, p=.049) or visited the ER for treatment for illness (χ²=5.32, p=.021) reported more satisfaction than those who perceived their ER service being delayed or visited the ER for accident or poisoning. The elderly who visited ER by non-ambulance reported higher satisfaction than those who arrived by ambulance (χ²=14.15, p < .001).
CONCLUSION
In both adults and the elderly, satisfaction of EMS can be increased by avoiding transferring patients to other hospital. For adults to be satisfied with EMS, efficient and rapid EMS might be needed to avoid delay in ER arrival, especially for adults with accidents or poisoning.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Satisfaction with Medical Institutions according to Health Condition and Medical Use Condition of Single Elderly Households in Rural Areas: Using the Results of Survey on Rural Well-being 2021
  Min U Lee, Gi Chun Seo, Eun-Jung Hong
  The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2023; 34(3): 457.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes of male baby boomer toward holistic health using Q-methodology.
METHODS
Q-methodology is analysed through the subjectivity of each type of attitudes. Thirty-five q-statements were selected from a total of 145 statements. These statements were categorized into six areas (Physical, psychological, spiritual, work and leisure, love and friendship, culture). The recruited P-sample consisted of thirty-four male baby boomers from one town and two cities. The 35 selected Q-statements from each of 35 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analysed using the PQMethod Program 2.11.
RESULTS
Four types of male baby boomer attitudes towards holistic health were identified. The first is a relationship oriented-marital relationship oriented type, the second type is an economic oriented- job seeking type, the third type is a nature friendly oriented-independent living type, and the fourth type is health oriented-physical health seeking type.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicated that different approaches to holistic health promotion program could be developed based on the four types of holistic health attitudes among baby boom generation males in Korea.

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to identify factors that influence on self-determination for withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in the community dwelling elderly.
METHODS
This study used a descriptive correlational design. A convenience sample of 201 elderly were recruited from a welfare center located in Seoul, Korea. Data collection was done from September 1 to September 18, 2015. Four survey questionnaires were used: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Life Satisfaction Index-Z (LSI-Z), Attitude on Do Not Resuscitate (DNR), and Self-determination for Withdrawing Life-sustaining Treatment. Data analysis was done by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierrarchical multiple regression.
RESULTS
Hierarchial multiple regression showed that the factors predicting the level of self-determination for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment were educational level, DNR experience in family, life satisfaction, and DNR attitude. These factors explained 44% of the self-determination for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in community dwelling elderly.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest developing educational programs aiming at changing elderly's DNR attitude positive ways so that they can enhance self-determination for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. Further study is needed with more elderly population in extended areas.

Citations

• Influence of Advance Directives' Self-efficacy of Community-dwelling Older Adults on the Completion of Advance Directives: Mediating the Effect of Intention for Advance Directives: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Hyun Sook Kim, Gye Jeong Yeom
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(2): 133.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing intention to use life-sustaining treatment of community-dwelling older adults using the 2020 national survey of older Koreans: Secondary analysis research
  Yun Hee Hwang, Hye Jung Jun, Hye-Ryeon Park
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(4): 424.     CrossRef
• Influence of Older Person's Ego Integrity and Knowledge of Advance Directives on their Attitude toward Withdrawal from Life-sustaining Treatment
  Eun Yi Yeom, Kum Sook Seo
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2019; 21(3): 173.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data by surveying the literature for the past fifteen years (2001-2015). The focus of the search was death anxiety among the elderly.
METHODS
Sixty-two published works including graduate theses were selected for the Meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Study results showed that variables related to familial factors were the most often cited in the review of the manuscripts as relevant to death anxiety among the elderly. Specifically family support was most important. The other variables reported in the literature review were classified into four other groupings: social, physical, psychological, and demographics. The significant variable in the social grouping was religious activities, health promotion in the physical grouping and ego integrity in the psychological group.
CONCLUSION
This study could provide effect sizes of variables based on materials, which are needed to make an intervention program that is related to death anxiety of the elderly. Since this study identified major variables as significant to death anxiety, several distinctions within these variables can be further studied as these relate to death anxiety.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Death Anxiety among Rural Elderly
  Hyenam Hwang
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2019; 44(2): 111.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Death Anxiety in Community-Dwelling Elderly: Based on the Ecology Theory
  Yeonha Kim, Minju Kim
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2019; 22(1): 30.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Death Anxiety in Elderly Patients in Long-term Care Hospitals
  Mi Suk Lee, Hee Jung Choi
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 138.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explain fall prevention behaviors of community-dwelling elderly with osteoarthritis based on the Health Belief Model.
METHODS
A total of 200 older adults with osteoarthritis residing in community was recruited from July 10 to August 30, 2013. The direct and indirect effects of perceived fall risk, perceived benefits and barriers, and self efficacy of fall prevention were examined on fall prevention behaviors. Data were collected with structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 program.
RESULTS
The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data based on the model fit indices. Among socio-demographic variables, age and fall knowledge showed significant direct effects on fall prevention behaviors. The constructed model explained 34.2% of the variance of fall prevention behaviors, including perceived fall risk and efficacy of fall prevention behaviors as significant predictors.
CONCLUSION
The findings revealed the need to develop an effective nursing intervention to promote fall prevention behaviors of community-dwelling elderly with osteoarthritis by focusing on perceived fall risk and efficacy of fall prevention behaviors. Knowledge about fall can also be increased by an age-based education program.

Citations

• Effect of an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model on prevention and fear of falling among older people
  Fatemeh Mohammadkhah, Fatemeh Razmjouie, Navid Alinejad, Pooyan Afzali Harsini, Ali Khani Jeihooni
  Global Health Promotion.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Risk Factors for Falls or Fractures in Stroke Patients: An Analysis of 2020 Patient Sample Data
  Miso Lee, Mikyung Moon
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2024; 27(1): 58.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Fall Prevention Program Based on Goal Attainment Theory for Homebound Older Adults With Osteoarthritis of the Lower Extremities
  Chunhee Lee, Heeok Park
  Orthopaedic Nursing.2022; 41(6): 414.     CrossRef
• Understanding and Prevention of Fall-related Injuries in Older Adults in South Korea: A Systematic Review
  Ki-taek Lim, Ji-eun Lee, Ha-eun Park, Su-young Park, Woochol Joseph Choi
  Physical Therapy Korea.2019; 26(2): 34.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to identify factors influencing depression in the elderly male in Korea.
METHODS
The initial data were collected from the 5th Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES-V). The data of 1,210 adults with the age over 65 years were finally analysed using t or chi2 test, stepwise multiple logistic regression. Research variables utilized in this study were 29 factors including demographic and health-related characteristics, physical and economic activities, and life habits.
RESULTS
Seven factors were found to be associated with depression in the elderly male including stress level, uncontrolled drinking experience, physical discomfort days in recent two weeks, the level of activities in daily life, diabetes mellitus, economic activity status, and sleeping hours.
CONCLUSION
These results can be used in developing appropriate depression prevention program considering the characteristics of the elderly male.

Citations

• Influence of Depression on Health Behavior (Daily Smoking, Binge Drinking, Walking, Skipping Breakfast) among Korean Adults: Based on the KNHANES
  Su Yeon Jeong
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2024; 49(4): 325.     CrossRef
• Predictors of Depression among Individuals Receiving the Basic Livelihood Security Program Benefits in Korea: A Study Based on the Sixth and Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2018)
  Heejung Choi, Jaelan Shim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 20(1): 194.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Sleep Duration Trajectories and Self-Rated Depressive Symptoms in South Koreans with Physical Disabilities
  Su Jeong Yi, Yoo Mi Jeong, Jae-Hyun Kim
  Healthcare.2021; 9(3): 361.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to identify the predictors of self-care behaviors among elderly patients with hypertension using quantile regression method.
METHODS
A total of 253 elderly patients diagnosed with hypertension was recruited via 3 different medical clinics for the study. The quantile regression and a liner regression was conducted using Stata 12.0 program by analyzing predictors of self-care behaviors.
RESULTS
In the ordinary least square, self-efficacy, period of disease, and education level explained 42% of the variance in self-care activities. In the quantile regression, affecting predictors of self-care behaviors were self-efficacy for all quantiles, the period of disease for from 60% quantile to 90% quantile, education level for 20%, 30%, and 50% quantiles, economic status for 10%, 50%, and 60% quantiles, age for 10%, 70% quantiles, fatigue for 10% quantile, knowledge about hypertension for 10% and 20% quantiles, and depression for 30% and 40% quantiles.
CONCLUSION
The affecting predictors of self-care behaviors among elderly with hypertension were different from the level of self-care behaviors. These results indicated the significance in assessing predictors according to the level of self-care behaviors when clinical nurses examine the patients' health behaviors and plan any intervention strategies. Specially, education level and knowledge about hypertension were the significant predictors of self-care activities for low quantiles. Clinical nurses may promote self-care activities of the given population though health education programs.

Citations

• Factors Influencing the Self-management Behaviors of the Elderly with Hypertension in the Local Community
  Jeongju Hong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(3): 303.     CrossRef
• Mediating Effects of Health Belief on the Correlations among Disease-related Knowledge, eHealth Literacy, and Self-care Behaviors in Outpatients with Hypertension
  Gyoo Yeong Cho, Myung Nam Ha
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(6): 638.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study's purpose is to classify and analyze caregivers' recognition of the elderly suicidal intents.
METHODS
This study uses applied Q-methodology to measure human subjectivity in depth. Concretely, 35 statements are composed in depth interviews and literature investigation. Then, Q-cards and distributive chart of Q-sampling were given to 25 caregivers randomly-selected, who were asked to arrange them on a 7-score based. After coding Q-factor analysis is carried out with the PC-QUANL program.
RESULTS
Four types of indicators of the elderly suicidal intents were identified by the caregivers. These are Knowledge-based recognition, Behavioral measure based recognition, Negative comprehension and Sympathy.
CONCLUSION
In this study, four types of recognition were yielded among the caregivers and the characteristics of each type were analyzed. These findings may be useful in assessing suicidal potential and nursing interventions.

Citations

• A study on expert perceptions for establishment of a human resource information management system in climate technology
  Hyun Ji Lee, Yong Woon Chung, Sang Hak Sohn, Da Eun Kim
  Journal of Climate Change Research.2023; 14(6-1): 827.     CrossRef
• Identifying job seekers’ perceptions of public officials in Korea using Q methodology
  Sumin Kim
  International Review of Public Administration.2022; 27(3): 190.     CrossRef
• Subjective Needs and Thoughts for the Treatment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Applying Q Methodology
  Yong Eun Park, Jin Lee, Jongha Park, Joon Hyuk Choi, Nae Yun Heo, Seung Ha Park, Yoon Kyoung Lee, Tae Oh Kim
  The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(1): 37.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study examined the effect of work environment and job satisfaction on service quality among staff caring for the elderly.
METHODS
A convenient sample was 192 staff members from 95 elderly facilities. Data collection occurred from June to July, 2011 using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS/WIN 18.0.
RESULTS
Among the subscales of Work Environment Scale, the self-realization score was the highest followed by workload, nervousness, and conflict. The mean score of job satisfaction was 71.43. Reliability was the highest followed by assurance, empathy, responsiveness, and tangibles. Predictive factors of service quality included self-realization work environment and job satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
Exploration of strategies to improve the recognition of self-realization work environment and job satisfaction will be necessary in order to increase of service quality among staffs in elderly facility.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Quality of Care Service of Caregivers for Preschoolers
  Soyeon Jung, Younhee Hong, Sohyune Sok
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(8): 4291.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ Perceptions of Care Robots in Long-term Care Facilities
  Eunmin Hong, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2019; 21(1): 22.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to examine preventive effects of tailored water drinking on orthostatic hypotension and heart rate variability in the elderly.
METHODS
A non-equivalent control group pre and post time-series design was adapted. Among a total of 64 elderly people admitted to two nursing homes, 35 elderly were assigned to the experimental group and 29 were assigned to the control group. As for the elderly people in the experimental group, tailed water drink was provided according to the scheduled time for six weeks. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured twice before the intervention in both groups. The data were analyzed with SPSS program using t-test, chi2-test, and repeated measure of ANOVA.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate variability between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
Tailored water drinking had preventive effects on decreasing blood pressure fall as well as prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in the elderly people.

Citations

• The Effect of a Biofeedback-Based Integrated Intervention for Older Adults with Orthostatic Hypotension: A Secondary Analysis on Psychological Health Outcomes in a Non-Randomized Pilot Trial
  Nahyun Kim, Jeonghwa Han, Hyunwook Kang
  Healthcare.2024; 12(21): 2143.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop a health promotion program for frail elderly nursing home residents, and to analyze the effects of the program.
METHODS
The research was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was performed from February 26, 2012, to April 26, 2012. The subjects were 28 residents for the experimental group, who were selected at A nursing home, D city, in Korea and 27 residents for the control group, who were selected at B nursing home. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA and Cronbach's alpha with SPSS/Win 17.0 program.
RESULTS
There was a significant improvement in health promoting behaviors (F=64.26, p<.001), Lt. Grip strength (F=39.76, p<.001), Rt. Grip strength (F=38.06, p<.001), Static balance (F=3.98, p=.050), TUG (F=18.60, p<.001), oral status (F=26.75, p<.001), depression (F=18.79, p<.001), and subjective health status (F=10.75, p<.002) in the treatment group compared to the comparison group.
CONCLUSION
The health promotion program improved the health promoting behavior, physical fitness, oral status, depression, and subjective health status of the frail elderly nursing home residents. Therefore, health promotion programs for frail elderly nursing home residents could be helpful.

PURPOSE
This study has aimed to examine the relationship among self-esteem, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and depression reported by hospitalized elderly patients with chronic diseases.
METHODS
A descriptive correlation study by means of a self-report questionnaire or face-to-face interview was used to collect data from 119 elderly patients who were hospitalized in a General Hospital from January 5 to February 25, 2010. Their levels of depression was measured using Short-Form Geriatric Depression Scale, self esteem using Jeon's, and activities of daily living using K-ADL.
RESULTS
80.7% of the subjects experienced depression. Depression correlates with self-esteem (r=-.67) and ADL (r=.45). The influencing factors on depression were self-esteem, ADL, subjective health status, and family support satisfaction (R2=.57), while self esteem in itself explained 45% of variance in depression.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate the importance of early detection of depression, which starts from the admission of patients and the continuing evaluation/management in daily life after discharge to ensure their well-being and quality of life. The development of program empowering self esteem, ADL and subjective health status with adequate family support during hospitalization and in daily life is indispensible.

PURPOSE
This study was designed to identify effects of self-esteem and health status on adaptation of elderly residents in facilities.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 151 elderly residents. The data collected from January to April 2010 were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Using instruments were self-esteem scale (SES) (Rosenberg, 1965), Korean health status measure for the elderly (KoHSME) (Shin et al, 2002), and nursing home adaptation scale (Lee, 2007).
RESULTS
The mean scores of self-esteem (2.90+/-0.71), health status (2.15+/-0.53) and adaptation (2.98+/-0.44) of elderly residents in facilities were above the average. Self-esteem was significantly varied according to religion, economic status and living expenses. Health status was significantly different according to age, disease and motivation of getting into the facilities. Adaptation was significantly different according to religion, satisfaction of facilities and decision maker of getting into the facilities. Significant correlations were found between self-esteem, health status and adaptation. Self-esteem and health status were influencing factors of adaptation (22.6%).
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that perceived self-esteem and health status may be requirements for promoting adaptation of elderly residents in facilities. These results could be utilized in the development of supportive programs for elderly adaptation.

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to examine the degrees of depression and activities of daily living (ADLs), and to identify factors that predict depression in elderly patients.
METHODS
The sample was149 patients (80% female; mean age 79.1) from three geriatric hospitals located in small cities and who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected by staff nurses involved in direct patient care from October to September 2009. The level of depression was measured on a daily basis for seven days using a 13-item scale. Patients' ADLs was measured using a modified 10-item Bathel ADLs scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 17.0.
RESULTS
Mean depression score was 10.05+/-4.77 out of 26 points and about 27% was assessed as depressed with more than 13 points. Multiple regression analysis showed that low educational level, absence of spouse and fewer family visits predict depression. In addition, low ADLs and sleep disturbance predict depression.
CONCLUSION
Nursing care providers need to be concerned about ADLs of older patients and should develop nursing activity programs to increase their in-hospital physical activities. It is also important care for older patients' sleep and encourages family visits to decrease their depression.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of balance taping on pain and Range of Motion (ROM). ROM of the knee joint in the elderly with lower limbs arthritis.
METHODS
This study was a nonequivalent pretest-posttest design, quasi-experimental study. An experimental group of 35 elderly and a control group of 35 elderly were assigned. Subjects responses to the Visual analogue Scale (VAS) and range of motion scores as measured by a joint goniometer. Data were analyzed by, t-test and repeated measures ANOVA.
RESULTS
In the experimental treatment group, the pain score was significantly decreased from 6.46 to 2.09 after balance taping (p<.001). In addition, knee joint ROM of the experimental group was significantly increased from 114.80 to 121.92 after balance taping (p=.003, p<.001, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
This is a very important study as it is an excellent treatment that nurses can utilize and these data support the efficacy of the method.

PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to identify the relationships between family function and successful aging of vulnerable elderly using the circumplex model.
METHODS
The participants were the elderly (N=401) who were over 65 years old living in H city under the National Livelihood Security Act. Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III and Successful Aging Instrument were used.
RESULTS
The family function perceived by the study subjects was average 43.20 +/- 16.62 out of maximum 100 points. According to the analysis on family types suggested by circumplex model, there were 183 people for balance family (45.6%) and 218 people (54.4%) for extreme family. The total points on successful aging were 1.67 +/- 0.37 out of 3 points. When the difference in points on the Successful Aging instrument were analyzed according to the scores on the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale those points of the balanced family were statistically significant (t=2.087, p=.038).
CONCLUSION
In case of the balanced family type, the level of perceiving successful aging was relatively higher. For the improvement of family function, it is advised that the successful aging perception among vulnerable elderly can be uplifted through a program that enables effective communication with other family members.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the training effectiveness and behavior towards the elderly of 180 caregiver trainees.
METHODS
Data were collected from five caregiver training institutions located in G city. All subjects were surveyed about the training effectiveness and behavior towards the elderly by using the Training Effectiveness Scale and the Behavior towards the Elderly Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12.0 program.
RESULTS
The study subjects gained a training effectiveness score of 3.84 out of 5 points and a behavior towards the elderly score 3.40 out of 4 points. The training effectiveness differed significantly depending on subject's characteristics, intention to work as a caregiver, and hours of training. There were significant differences in behavior towards the elderly depending on their age and hours of training. The training effectiveness was significantly correlated with the level of behavior towards the elderly.
CONCLUSION
These findings demonstrated the necessity of developing a level of educational training that will help improve caregiver trainees' care by positively changing their behavior towards the elderly.

PURPOSE
This study was performed to identify skin health status and the factors influencing skin hydration in the institutionalized elderly.
METHODS
The subjects were 139 elders living in 2 nursing homes in Seoul. Data for skin health status were collected by measurement of skin hydration, sebum, trans-epidermal water loss and pH using Corneometer, Sebumeter, Tewameter and Skin pH-meter on face, flank, arm and leg. Baseline data were collected by a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12.0 program.
RESULTS
Skin hydration and pH were relatively low especially on arms and legs but sebum and TEWL were not low, relatively. There were significant differences in skin health status according to gender, smoking, alcohol intake, and bath cleanser. There was significant positive correlation between skin-hydration and bath-time, TEWL and bath-frequency. Smoking, bath-cleanser, bath-time. pH and gender were identified as the significant influencing factors of skin hydration.
CONCLUSION
Smoking, bath-time and pH need to be considered as important control factors for increasing skin health status in the institutionalized elderly.

PURPOSE
This study was object to the effects of a resistance exercise combined with relaxation therapy on blood pressure, frequency of exercise and physical fitness in elderly women.
METHODS
Seventy three elderly women participated in an exercise program for 12 months. The exercise program consisted of stretching, massage and resistance training using thera-bands twice a week and 50 minutes in every sessions each week. Repeated measures ANOVA were performed using SAS.
RESULTS
After the exercise program there was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure, frequency of exercise, body fat, sitting to standing, walking 2 minutes, sitting on a chair and reaching, and standing on one leg with eyes opened. After 6 months, there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and significant increase in frequency of exercise, body fat, sitting to standing and standing on one leg with eyes opened. In 12 months, there was a significant increase in body fat, 2 minutes walking, and sitting in a chair and reaching.
CONCLUSION
Resistance exercise combined with muscle relaxation therapy would have a positive effect on elderly women. We found that it was helpful for the elderly women in terms of physical fitness.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hand massage on fatigue, sleep satisfaction and blood pressure of the aged in a long-term care facility.
METHODS
The data were collected from June to August 2008. The subjects were randomly recruited from a long-term care facility in Junnam Providence and were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 22) or control group (n = 22). Hand massage was carried out every other day in the evening for two weeks. Massage was administered to each forearm and hand for 10 minutes. Descriptive statistics, x2-test and t-test were performed using SAS program.
RESULTS
In the experimental group, the fatigue (p = .017) was significantly lower and the sleep satisfaction (p = .043) was significantly higher than for the control group.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the results of the study, hand massage can be recommended for the elderly with sleep disturbance to reduce fatigue.

PURPOSE
This study was to examine the effects of sleep promoting program on sleep and the immune response in the elderly with insomnia.
METHODS
The study was designed as a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Thirty two elders who suffered from insomnia (16 experimental and 16 control subjects) were selected among the elders who had been enrolled in two churches. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a sleep promoting program which was composed of sleep hygiene education and progressive muscle relaxation for 4 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed higher sleep score than that of the control group (t = 7.86, p = .00). The experimental group showed higher sleep satisfaction score than that of the control group (t = 7.61, p = .00). The sleep promoting program was not effective in enhancing immune response.
CONCLUSION
The sleep promoting program increased the sleep score, sleep-satisfaction score and B cell in immune response of elderly people suffering from insomnia. Therefore, sleep promoting program can be applied as an effective nursing intervention to promote sleep quality and sleep satisfaction.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide understanding of the meaning of 'Yangsaeng' through lived experience of the elderly who practiced Kouk-Sun-Do.
METHODS
A hermeneutic phenomenological methodology developed by Max van Manen was adopted. The data were collected from the interviews and observations on the actual experience of 9 people who were over 65 years old and practiced Kouk-Sun-Do from August to December 2006.
RESULTS
The essential themes were discovered as 'body in comfort', 'spouting vigor', 'improving selfconfidence', 'developing one's mind', 'setting oneself in order', 'being aware of the value of Kouk-Sun-Do', 'recognizing importance of value of getting along' CONCLUSION: Therefore, practicing "Kouk-Sun-Do" is a suitable exercise for the elderly, as an effective nursing interventions for improving the quality of life of older people.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the quality of sleep and its influencing factors on the institutionalized elderly.
METHODS
The respondents were 145 institutionalized elderly in Daegu and a structured questionnaire was used for data collection, which was conducted from February 10 to 28, 2007. The questionnaire was the Yi(2004) quality of sleep scale. All the information was collected through face-to-face interviews, using the questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12.0.
RESULTS
The results of this research were as follows: First, the mean for the quality of sleep in the institutionalized elderly was 83.92. Second, in the subscales of the quality of sleep scale, the mean for daytime dysfunction was 40.35; for restoration after sleep it was 10.43; for difficulty in falling asleep it was 11.00; for difficulty in getting up it was 8.88; for satisfaction with sleep it was 8.62; for difficulty in maintaining sleep it was 4.75. Third, the factors influencing the quality of sleep were economic status, perceived health status, and pain.
CONCLUSION
Based upon the findings above, this study provides useful information that could assist in improving the quality of sleep among institutionalized elderly, and indicates that nursing intervention is needed.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the seniorobic program on physical function and fall in elderly.
METHODS
The experimental group and control group was composed of 22 subjects each. The subjects in the experimental group had participated in the seniorobic program for 12 weeks which consisted of exercise and education. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance and the frequency of fall for each subject were measured before, and at the 6th and 12th weeks of the seniorobic program. Data were analyzed using SPSS /WIN 12.0 program.
RESULTS
The experimental group had significantly increased their flexibility at the 6th and 12th weeks of the seniorobic program, their the lower limb muscle strength and balance at the 12th week of the seniorobic program. There was no significant difference in the frequency of fall between the experimental group and the control group during the period of seniorobic program.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the seniorobic program can increase lower limb muscle strength, flexibility and improve the balance of the elderly