Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop and verify a Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) specifically for hypertensive patients. Methods: In the development phase of the QOLS, initial items were derived based on literature review and content analysis through in-depth interviews. After verifying the content validity of the expert group, preliminary questions composed of 94 items were created and confirmed by conducting preliminary research on hypertensive patients. During the verification phase, the preliminary QOLS was administered to 392 hypertensive patients from general hospitals, medical clinics, and public health centers in Busan. Data were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion validity, and Cronbach’s ⍺. Results: The final scale consisted of 30 items derived from 5 factors. Five factors (negative emotion, acceptance of disease, self-reinforcement, social support, self-regulation) were extracted from the factor analysis, which explained 68.0% of the total variance. The convergent validity showed a positive correlation (r=.51, p<.001), discriminant validity showed an inverse correlation (r=-.60, p<.001), and criterion validity showed a positive correlation (r=.35~.64, p<.001). The Cronbach’s ⍺ was .94 and reliability of the subscales was .78~.92. Conclusion: The specific Quality of Life Scale for hypertensive patients (QOLS_HP) was composed of 30 items using a 5-point Likert scale. The scale demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability.

Purpose
This study aims to explore the relationship between the discharge process and two-year prognosis in patients with Heart Failure (HF) who were hospitalized because of HF exacerbation. Methods Medical records were reviewed to identify patients admitted for HF exacerbation. Information regarding the following discharge processes was collected: follow-up visits, discharge educational contents, and the presence of family caregivers during patient education. HF-related events, including emergency department visits, readmissions, or death because of HF, were defined as a composite of events. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used after adjusting for covariates to explore the association between the discharge process and HF-related events. Results A total of 201 patients were included in this study. In the two-year follow-up periods, 41 patients (20.4%) experienced at least one HF-related event. Follow-up visits were scheduled at an average of 8.11±2.92 days after discharge. Approximately 95.0% of the patients received discharge education with an average of 1.66±1.04 topics, and 69.7% of the families participated in this educational activity. In the multivariate Cox regression model, not having family members during education was associated with a longer time to HF-related events (hazard ratio: 2.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.001~4.346). However, follow-up visits and the amount of educational content received were not associated with time to HF-related events. Conclusion The presence of family caregivers during education appears to be a protective factor against adverse prognosis in patients with HF. Our results highlight the importance of family engagement during discharg

Citations

• Depression, mutuality, and self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure and their caregivers: An actor–partner interdependence model extended to mediation
  Youn-Jung Son, JiYeon Choi, Da-Young Kim, So Hyun Park
  Heart & Lung.2025; 73: 123.     CrossRef
• Association Between Nurse-Led Multidisciplinary Education and Cardiac Events in Patients With Heart Failure: A Retrospective Chart Review
  Haeng-Mi Son, Hyeongsuk Lee
  Asian Nursing Research.2024; 18(1): 60.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aims to identify predicting factors influencing Chinese students’ intentions to quit smoking. Methods Secondary data for this study came from a study on the change in smoking cessation among Asian students. Data on their intention to quit smoking was collected from October 2020 to January 2021 through an online survey. The study participants included 190 Chinese international students aged 19 to 29 who were smokers. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, independent-test, and decision-making trees were used for analysis. Results 73.2% (139 students) of Chinese international students in Korea intended to quit smoking; 97.8% of the groups intending to quit smoking had previously attempted to quit. The decision tree ultimately had seven sections. The attempt to quit smoking was the most significant predictor of smoking cessation intention. Stop smoking attempts, intent to participate in a nonsmoking programs, smoking parents, stop-smoking self attempts, and smoking after studying abroad were factors predicting intention to quit smoking. Conclusion The factors influencing Chinese students’ intention to quit smoking differed depending on their previous smoking cessation experience. Intention to participate in a smoking cessation program, parent smoking, and recent attempts to quit smoking were factors predicting intention to quit in those with previous smoking cessation experience. A program tailored to their needs should be developed to improve the smoking cessation intention of Chinese international students depending on their history of smoking cessation.

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the revised Korean version of the Chronic Hepatitis B Self-Management Scale-K16 (CHBSMS-K16). Methods Using the convenience sampling method, the data of chronic hepatitis B patients (N=200) were collected from August to October 2021. The participants were recruited from two hospitals in D metropolitan city and 3 internet cafes for hepatitis patients. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS programs. The content, structure, item-convergent/discriminant, and convergent validities and internal consistency were evaluated. Results Based on the statistical analysis, 9 items from the original version were excluded-resulting in 4 subscales with a total of 16 items. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated adequate model fit indices. The items convergence and discrimination validity were verified using extracted mean variance (.46~.65) and composition reliability (.81~.88). The convergent validity was satisfactory, as demonstrated by its correlation with the New General Self Efficacy scale (r=.63, p<.001). The Cronbach’s α for the overall scale was .88, and that of the four subscales ranged from .63 to .74. Conclusion The CHBSMS-K16 is a valid and reliable instrument. Therefore, this tool can be used to measure the level of self-management of Korean patients with chronic hepatitis B. Additionally, this scale can be used in clinical settings as well as in educational and research settings.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of Korean nurses' research participation experiences; their resulting consent satisfaction; pressure to participate; satisfaction in participating; and the factors influencing research participation satisfaction. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to nurses who are employed at hospitals or higher medical institutions nationwide and have participated in nursing research at least once. 197 nurses participated in this study. 173 data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression. Results Senior nurses made the most participation requests (21.4%). The coercion to participate in the research (2.67±0.64) was lower than normal (3). However, the coercion level to participate in the study was significantly higher when notified by the institution or department (F=5.29, p<.001), the department head requested participation (F=5.17, p<.001), or senior nurses instructed other nurses to participate (F=7.96, p<.001). Satisfaction with informed consent (β=.55, p<.001) and coercion to participate in the research (F=93.16, p<.001) were significant variables influencing the satisfaction with research participation (R²=.52). Conclusion In order to protect the rights of nurses as research participants, it is necessary to improve researcher awareness and quality of nursing research, as well as provide ethical research environments for research participants.

Purpose
This study aimed to translate and adapt the Type 1 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-1) into Korean and investigate its validity and reliability for Korean patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods Following a forward-backward translation process, six experts evaluated the content validity of the translated DSAS-1. The DSAS-1 scale (19 items) was administered to 106 T1DM patients, and the data were analyzed. Construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and scale reliability were examined using confirmatory factor analyses and Cronbach’s α coefficient. Data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 26.0. Results The item “Some people expect less of me because I have Type 1 diabetes” had a factor loading of .41 in confirmatory factor analyses. When the item was removed, the average variance extracted increased from .47 to .53. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate model fit indices (χ²/df=1.60, p<.001, GFI=.82, RMSEA=.075, CFI=.92, TLI=.90). The DSAS-1-K (18 items) exhibited moderate convergent and discriminant validity. Cronbach’s α for the overall scale (18 items) was .90, and the three-factor scale ranged from .84 to .89. Conclusion Our results indicate that 18 DSAS-1 items are recommended in Korea. However, the original scale’s copyright issue prevented any modifications. When using 19 items, the convergent validity was partially unsatisfactory; the model fit index was somewhat low but within the acceptable range. Therefore, we suggest that researchers using the DSAS-1-K (19 items) should consider the results of our study.

Citations

• Higher suicide risk in type 1 diabetes compared to cancer and the general population in Korea
  Seohyun Kim, So Hyun Cho, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, You‐Bin Lee, Sang‐Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim, Gyuri Kim
  Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 297(4): 423.     CrossRef
• Diabetes advocacy in the Asia–Pacific region
  Noriko Kodani, Asuka Kato, Moon‐Kyu Lee, Ronald Ching Wan Ma, Anita Sabidi, Renza Scibilia, Zhiguang Zhou, Alicia Jenkins
  Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Increased risk of incident mental disorders in adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes diagnosed after the age of 19: A nationwide cohort study
  Seohyun Kim, Gyuri Kim, So Hyun Cho, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim
  Diabetes & Metabolism.2024; 50(1): 101505.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study investigated the effects of spiritual well-being on the self-care practices of people undergoing hemodialysis with hope as a mediator. Methods Using convenience sampling, 126 people undergoing hemodialysis were recruited from April 17th to July 15th, 2022 for a cross-sectional survey. Data were collected using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, Hope Scale, and Self-Care practices Scale and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In addition, multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the mediating effect using Baron and Kenny’s three-step method. Results The mean scores for spiritual well-being, hope, and self-care practices were 75.67, 51.37, and 128.82 respectively. There were significant correlations between the three variables. In step 1, spiritual well-being had a statistically significant positive effect on hope (β=.59, p<.001) (R²=37.8%). In step 2, spiritual well-being had a significant positive effect on self-care practices (β=.31, p<.001) (R²=14.6%). In step 3, the direct effect of spiritual well-being on self-care practices was not significant when the mediating variable hope was introduced; hope was observed to have a complete mediating effect (β=.36, p<.001) on the relationship between spiritual well-being and self-care practices (Sobel test: Z=3.18, p<.001). Conclusion Based on these results, hope enhancement can help in self-care practices, and hope can also be promoted through spiritual well-being resources. Thus, it is necessary to develop a holistic nursing program that includes spiritual care to promote spiritual well-being and hope for improving self-care practices in people undergoing hemodialysis.

Citations

• The Mediating Effects of Symptom Experiences on the Relationship between Body Image and Quality of Life among Hemodialysis Patients in a Single Center
  Yaki Yang
  Healthcare.2024; 12(17): 1779.     CrossRef