Purpose
This study employed structural equation modeling to verify the suitability and causality of a hypothetical model constructed based on Wilson and Cleary's health-related quality of life model. The aim was to explain and identify the factors that influence quality of life in middle-aged men with prostatic hyperplasia.
Methods
The study included 217 middle-aged men diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia between February and March 2022 at the urology department of a general hospital in UJB city. The measurement tools used included biological characteristics, International Prostate Symptom Scores, functional health, general health perceptions, social support, and quality of life. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 programs.
Results
The final model revealed that the variables with the highest explanatory power for quality of life in middle-aged men with prostatic hyperplasia were general health perceptions, followed by the International Prostate Symptom Score, functional health, and prostate size. The explanatory power of the variables for quality of life in middle-aged men with prostatic hyperplasia was 89.7%.
Conclusion
The model used in this study was found to be suitable for assessing quality of life in middle-aged men with prostatic hyperplasia. Based on the study's findings, it is deemed necessary to foster competencies for managing the disease through the development of educational programs, nursing interventions, and countermeasures. These should be based on general health perceptions, symptoms, and functional health, with an accurate knowledge of the characteristics of prostatic hyperplasia, as per Wilson and Cleary (1995)'s health-related quality of life theory.

PURPOSE
This prospective study was designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), voided volume, post void residual volume (PVRV), daytime frequency and nocturia in women over 40 years.
METHODS
The sample comprised of 302 women over 40 years.The study lasted from February 2008 to November 2009. Data about daytime frequency and nocturia were gathered from 48 hour bladder diary. Further, a PVRV was assessed through a bladder ultrasonography. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Mann Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test and multiple regression.
RESULTS
Although the prevalence of UI among the women was as high as 70.5%, the perception rate of UI was as low as 10.8%.Single voided volume of women without or with UI was 223 mL or 198 mL (p<.001), respectively; PVRV, 25.8 mL or 23.6 mL (p=.055); daytime frequency, 5.89 or 6.96 (p<.001); nocturia, 0.99 or 1.23 (p=.040). Age (beta=0.19, p=.001), single voided volume (beta=-0.16, p=.006), and nocturia (beta=0.12, p=.034) were associated with UI.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of UI was found to be 70.5% among the participants. The assessment of single urinary volume and nocturia through a bladder diary lends support to identifying UI for women over 40 years.

PURPOSE
This study was performed to identify the prevalence and type of urinary incontinence (UI) after a stroke, to find the differences in urinary symptoms according to continence or incontinence, and to find the degree of impact of UI on daily life.
METHOD
For data collection, we had a structured interview with a questionnaire. The subjects were 239 post stroke patients.
RESULTS
Among the subjects(mean age: 65 +/- 10), 66.1 percent had an infarction, and 25.5 percent had a hemorrhage. And 26.4 percent of subjects were within 2 weeks and 28.9 percent from 1 year to 5 years since their episodes of a stroke. Forty five point six percent of subjects had various types of UI: urge 25.7 percent, stress 14.7 percent, functional 20.2 percent, and mixed 39.4 percent. There were significant differences in frequency, nocturia, decreased stream, and incomplete emptying between the incontinent and continent groups. Subjects reported UI influenced various aspect of daily life, 54.1 percent as cause of distress, 53.2 percent on overall quality of life, and 40.4 percent on sleep. The Mixed UI, including urge UI, had higher impact on daily life than others.
CONCLUSION
There was a high prevalence of UI, mixed, urge, and functional type as most prevalent, and it had a strong impact on daily life of post stroke patients.