Purpose
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, anxiety and need satisfaction may predict turnover intention among emergency room nurses, with need satisfaction negatively influencing turnover intention. This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of need satisfaction on the relationship between COVID-19–induced anxiety and job turnover intention among emergency room nurses during the pandemic.
Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 206 emergency room nurses from 11 hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected using a questionnaire from December 2022 to February 2023.
Results
High COVID-19–induced anxiety was associated with increased turnover intention among nurses. Physiological needs partially mediated the relationship between COVID-19–induced anxiety and turnover intention. However, safety and belongingness needs showed no mediating effect.
Conclusion
During the COVID-19 pandemic, if physiological needs were not satisfied, reducing anxiety and turnover intention among emergency room nurses proved challenging, even when other needs were met. Therefore, physiological needs should be prioritized and addressed before focusing on other types of needs.

Purpose
According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the turnover rate of nurses working at regional trauma centers is 27.6%, which is almost double the turnover rate of 13.8% of all nurses in 2018. The turnover of nurses lowers the morale of the remaining nurses and increases their workload, negatively affecting hospital operation. This study aimed to investigate the mediation effect of grit on the relationship between the working environment and intention to stay at work among regional trauma center nurses, to reduce the turnover rate and improve their intention to stay at work.
Methods
The participants were 185 nurses with more than six months of clinical experience working at 16 regional trauma centers in South Korea. The data were collected using structured questionnaires from July 1, 2022 to July 31, 2022, and analysis was conducted using SPSS/WIN 25.0 programs.
Results
The intention to stay at work among regional trauma center nurses was different depending on age (F=6.32, p=.002), marital status (F=-3.66, p<.001), education level (F=5.29, p=.006), and total clinical experience (F=4.22, p=.007). Grit was found to have a complete mediating effect on the relationship between work environment and intention to stay at work (Z=4.49, p<.001).
Conclusion
To lower the turnover rate of trauma nurses and increase their intention to stay at work, it is necessary to subdivide the intervention program for various ages and clinical career, and to develop a mediation program that can improve nurses' grit by improving the working environment.

Citations

• Role of violence exposure on altruistic behavior and grit among emergency nurses in rural hospitals
  Mohamed Hussein Ramadan Atta, Shimmaa Mohamed Elsayed, Heba Emad El‐Gazar, Naglaa Gamal Eldien Abdelhafez, Mohamed Ali Zoromba
  International Nursing Review.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematically review of factors related to the reported intention of hospital nurses in Korea to leave their positions.
METHODS
Appropriate studies in the recent ten years were selected from databases. A total of 263 studies were selected for the systematic review on the basis of the PRISMA flow. The correlational effect size of 35 studies was analyzed through meta-analysis using CMA 3.0.
RESULTS
Through systematic review, 52 related factors were classified by ecological system: 18 individual, 12 microsystem, 11 mesosystem, 8 exosystem, and 3 macrosystem. The overall effect size of turnover intention was 3.26. The total correlational effect size of related factors was 0.28: 0.14 for individual, 0.50 for microsystem, 0.25 for mesosystem and 0.40 for exosystem. Among single factors with larger effect size, emotional labor, role conflict, and work-home conflict were classified into contributors whereas organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and internal marketing were classified as inhibitors.
CONCLUSION
Previous studies focused on the individual and the microsystem in the quantitative respect. In addition, the effect size was relatively greater for the microsystem and the exosystem. It is therefore necessary to conduct further research on the systems with larger effects.

Citations

• Impact of Professional Quality of Life on Turnover Intention among General Hospital Nurses: A Comparative Study Using Linear and Nonlinear Analysis Methods
  Mi-Jin Park, Il-Ok Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(1): 132.     CrossRef
• Nurses' Hospital Selection within a Dual Labor Market Framework: The Dilemma of Professional Identity
  Hyun-Ji Bae, Hyoung Suk Kim, Hwal Lan Bang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(1): 14.     CrossRef
• Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Nurses’ Perceived Stress, Sleep Quality, and Presenteeism
  Hyunseo Sim, Younghee Park
  Holistic Nursing Practice.2025; 39(1): 15.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Socio-Cognitive Mindfulness, Job Stress and Social Support on Turnover Intention in General Hospital Nurses
  Chun Ha Kim, Mikyoung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 155.     CrossRef
• What is behind the high turnover intention among hospital nurses during the full liberalization of COVID-19 and the postpandemic era in China: a 2-wave multicentre cross-sectional comparison study
  Julan Xiao, Lili Liu, Yueming Peng, Xia Lyu, Chunfeng Xing, Yanling Tao, Shening Zhu, Aihuan Mai, Lijun Liang, Hongying Hu, Yi Fan, Weisi Peng, Haishan Xie, Jun Ren, Weixiang Luo
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Influence of COVID-19–Induced Anxiety on Job Turnover Intention among Emergency Room Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Mediating Effect of Needs Satisfaction: A Cross-Sectional Study
  YuJin Seo, Myung Kyung Lee
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2025; 37(2): 104.     CrossRef
• Mediating Effect of Leader-Member Exchange on the Ethical Leadership of Nursing Unit Managers and Turnover Intention of Clinical Nurses: A Nationwide Survey using Proportional Quota Sampling
  Jihun Kim, Sunmi Kim, Nara Han, Seok Hee Jeong
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(1): 42.     CrossRef
• Examining the experiences of mid-career nurses in hospitals: a phenomenological study
  Yukyung Ko, Soyoung Yu, Bohyun Park
  Contemporary Nurse.2024; 60(4): 333.     CrossRef
• Effect of Work-Family Conflict on Turnover Intention among Married Female Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Nursing Work Environment
  Min Gyeong Jeong, So Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 451.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Career Nurses Balancing Clinical Nursing with Ongoing Studies
  Yunhyung Kim, Yeonsook Joo, Eun Hee Kang, Jeong Hye Kim
  Journal of Korean Association for Qualitative Research.2024; 9(3): 215.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Positive Psychological Capital, Perceived Value of Work, and Nurse Practice Environment on Retention Intention in Small-Medium Sized Hospital Nurses
  Su Hye Kwon, Miseon Bang, Young Kyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 189.     CrossRef
• Exploring nurses' experiences: Abandoning the profession and migrating for improved opportunities
  Paola Galbany-Estragués, Miquel Àngel Giménez-Lajara, Glòria Jodar-Solà, Rocio Casañas, Maria Romeu-Labayen, Encarnación Gomez-Gamboa, Olga Canet-Vélez
  Applied Nursing Research.2024; 77: 151787.     CrossRef
• Effect of Transition Shock on Intention to Stay in Newly Graduated Nurses : The Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital
  Hyuna Kam, Chanhee Kim, Yeonok Yoon, Heeyoung Shin, Junghwa Lee, Myoungohk Kim
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(3): 25.     CrossRef
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  Youngjon Kim, Jea Woog Lee, So Jung Yune
  Korean Medical Education Review.2024; 26(Suppl 1): S84.     CrossRef
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  JooHyun Lee, Hyoung Eun Chang, Jaehyuk Cho, Seohyun Yoo, Joonseo Hyeon, Andrea Cioffi
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  Seung-Hee Lee, Hwasoon Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 517.     CrossRef
• An Exploratory Study of Psychological Distress, Professional Quality of Life, Effort-Reward Imbalance, and Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Suk-Jung Han, Soon-Youl Lee, Sie-Eun Kim
  Healthcare.2023; 11(19): 2695.     CrossRef
• Comparative Study on Work-Life Balance, Nursing Work Environment, Nursing Organizational Culture, and Job Satisfaction before Turnover among Nurses Leaving Hospital: Current Clinical Nurses versus Non-clinical Nurses
  Yejin Seo, Mi Yu
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• Effects of Job Crafting, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction on Nurses' Turnover Intention: A Path Analysis
  Mihee Chung, Sujeong Han
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(2): 281.     CrossRef
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  Yu Na Lee, Eungyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(6): 622.     CrossRef
• Development of a Nurse Turnover Prediction Model in Korea Using Machine Learning
  Seong-Kwang Kim, Eun-Joo Kim, Hye-Kyeong Kim, Sung-Sook Song, Bit-Na Park, Kyoung-Won Jo
  Healthcare.2023; 11(11): 1583.     CrossRef
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  Eunmi Lee, Yujeong Kim, Haeyoung Lee
  Sage Open.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  Young Deok Park, Sun Ju You
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 529.     CrossRef
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  Charlene Pressley, Joanne Garside
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  Heeseung Choi, Yeseul Jeon, Ujin Lee, Junggeun Ahn, Hannah Kim
  Nurse Education Today.2023; 128: 105879.     CrossRef
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  Yuan Xu, Yongshin Park, Ju Dong Park, Bora Sun
  Healthcare.2023; 11(24): 3173.     CrossRef
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  Min Jeong Kwon, Kyung Mi Sung
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(1): 32.     CrossRef
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  Jung Lim Lee, Youngji Kim
  Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1139.     CrossRef
• Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction on the Relationship between Nursing Practice Environment and Turnover Intention of Nurses in a National Forensic Psychiatic Hospital
  Moonhee Gang, Donghyeon Gwak
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(3): 307.     CrossRef
• Effects of External Employment Opportunities, Nursing Professionalism, and Nursing Work Environments on Korean Hospital Nurses’ Intent to Stay or Leave
  Mi-Aie Lee, So-Hee Lim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 4026.     CrossRef
• Research Trends on Doctor’s Job Competencies in Korea Using Text Network Analysis
  Young-Jon Kim, Jea Woog Lee, Sojung Yune
  Korean Medical Education Review.2022; 24(2): 93.     CrossRef
• Effects of Leadership Styles of Nursing Managers on Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Yunjeong Cho, Seok Hee Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Young Man Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(5): 479.     CrossRef
• Effect of an Age-Stratified Working Environment and Hospital Characteristics on Nurse Turnover
  Yoseb Lee, Jeong Lim Kim, So Hee Kim, Jungmi Chae
  Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service Research.2022; 2(1): 106.     CrossRef
• Trajectories of subjective health status among married postmenopausal women based on the ecological system theory: a longitudinal analysis using a latent growth model
  Eun Jin Kim, Ju-Hee Nho
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2022; 28(2): 123.     CrossRef
• Verbal violence and turnover intention among new nurses in Korea: A time‐lagged survey
  Ae Kyung Chang, Ah Young Kim
  Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(6): 1823.     CrossRef
• The effect of sleep disturbance on the association between work–family conflict and burnout in nurses: a cross-sectional study from South Korea
  Sujeong Han, Sungjung Kwak
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  Mingi Chang, Yujeong Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 558.     CrossRef
• Relationship of Job Stress to Turnover Intention in Hospital Nurses of Rural Areas: Job Embeddedness as a Mediator
  Eun Hee Kang, Im Sun Seo
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 534.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Occupational Stress among Occupational Groups Related to Healthcare Accreditation on Turnover Intention
  So-Hee Nam, Yeon-Jeong Heo
  Quality Improvement in Health Care.2022; 28(1): 55.     CrossRef
• The Factors That Affect Turnover Intention According to Clinical Experience: A Focus on Organizational Justice and Nursing Core Competency
  Hanna Choi, Sujin Shin
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(6): 3515.     CrossRef
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  Deulle Min
  Medicine.2022; 101(30): e29889.     CrossRef
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  Lulin Zhou, Arielle Doris Kachie Tetgoum, Prince Ewudzie Quansah, Joseph Owusu‐Marfo
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• Effect of Sleep Quality and Depression on Married Female Nurses’ Work–Family Conflict
  Eunhee Hwang, Yeongbin Yu
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(15): 7838.     CrossRef
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  Mi Ra Yun, Boas Yu
  Journal of Nursing Management.2021; 29(5): 1256.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Traumatic Events on Turnover Intention among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units: The Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence
  Hyunmi Kim, Jiyoung Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(2): 70.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Turnover Intention among Male Nurses in Korea
  Su Ol Kim, Sun-Hee Moon
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(18): 9862.     CrossRef
• A meta‐analysis on predictors of turnover intention of hospital nurses in South Korea (2000–2020)
  Hyeoneui Kim, Eun Gyung Kim
  Nursing Open.2021; 8(5): 2406.     CrossRef
• Nursing stress factors affecting turnover intention among hospital nurses
  Eun‐Kyoung Lee, Ji‐Soo Kim
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Academic Motivation on Clinical Practice-Related Post-Traumatic Growth among Nursing Students in South Korea: Mediating Effect of Resilience
  Mi Ra Yun, Eun Ju Lim, Boas Yu, Sookja Choi
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(13): 4901.     CrossRef
• Mixed Method Research Investigating Turnover Intension with ICU Nurses
  Jung-Hoon Lee, Yeoungsuk Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2020; 27(2): 153.     CrossRef
• A study on the intent to leave and stay among hospital nurses in Korea: A cross‐sectional survey
  Mi‐Aie Lee, Young‐Hee Ju, So‐Hee Lim
  Journal of Nursing Management.2020; 28(2): 332.     CrossRef
• Current Trends in Nursing Research Across Five Locations: The United States, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and Hong Kong
  Eun‐Ok Im, Reiko Sakashita, Chia‐Chin Lin, Tae‐Hwa Lee, Hsiu‐Min Tsai, Jillian Inouye
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2020; 52(6): 671.     CrossRef
• Reliability and Validity of the Bullying Measurement in Korean Nurses' Workplace
  Hyo-Suk Song, So-Hee Lim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 478.     CrossRef
• An Exploratory Analysis of Domestic ICT Workers’ Dissatisfaction with their Jobs and Differences between Former and Incumbent Employees: Application of Topical Modeling
  Jae Yoon Chang, Yeon Jae Choi, Ji-Yeon Kang
  The Korean Journal of Psychology: General.2020; 39(3): 445.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses: Compared to Female Wage Workers
  Dong Min Son, Young-Il Jung
  Stress.2019; 27(3): 268.     CrossRef
• A Topic Modeling Analysis for Online News Article Comments on Nurses' Workplace Bullying
  Jiyeon Kang, Soogyeong Kim, Seungkook Roh
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(6): 736.     CrossRef
• Influences of Occupational Stress, Ethical Dilemma, and Burnout on Turnover Intention in Hospital Nurses
  Myoung Yi Choi, Hyang Sook So, Eun Ko
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2019; 26(1): 42.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ emotions, emotional labor, and job satisfaction
  Mikyoung Lee, Keum-Seong Jang
  International Journal of Workplace Health Management.2019; 13(1): 16.     CrossRef
• Factors related to Family Support for Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  Young Ran Chae, Sun Hee Lee, Young Mi Jo, Hyo Young Kang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(2): 123.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Career Plateau, Career Planning, Social Support, and Turnover Intention in Nurses
  Jeonga Ko, Heeyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(1): 97.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop and test a predictive model on the male nurses' turnover intention.
METHODS
This study utilized the model-testing design based on the Price's causal model of turnover. This study collected data from 306 male nurses on a national scale with structured questionnaires measuring job opportunity, kinship responsibility, positive emotion, work autonomy, role conflict, work satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program and AMOS 20.0 program.
RESULTS
As the outcomes satisfied the recommended level, the hypothetical model appeared to fit the data. Twenty-seven of the 38 hypotheses selected for the hypothetical model were statistically significant. 54.2% of turnover intention was explained by job opportunity, kinship responsibility, positive emotion, work autonomy, role conflict, work satisfaction and organizational commitment.
CONCLUSION
The hypothetical model of this study was confirmed to be adequate in explaining and predicting male nurses' turnover intention. Findings from this study can be used to design appropriate strategies to decrease the male nurse's turnover intention.

Citations

• Influence of the Nursing Work Environment on Job Satisfaction in Male Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Social Support
  DongHyun KIM, Hyunjin OH
  Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 32(6): e356.     CrossRef
• Male nurses’ adaptation experiences after turnover to community institutions in Korea: A grounded theory methodology
  Ja-Sook Kim, Suhyun Kim, Hyang-In Cho Chung, Sally Mohammed Farghaly
  PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0302819.     CrossRef
• A Structural Equation Model for Turnover Intention of General Hospital Nurses: Focusing on Mediation Effect of Organizational Silence
  Mi-Hwan Kim, Myungja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(2): 102.     CrossRef
• Effects of External Employment Opportunities, Nursing Professionalism, and Nursing Work Environments on Korean Hospital Nurses’ Intent to Stay or Leave
  Mi-Aie Lee, So-Hee Lim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 4026.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Role Conflict, Head Nurses' Super Leadership, and Nursing Organizational Culture on Organizational Commitment of Male Nurses
  Mingi Chang, Yujeong Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 558.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Organizational Commitment Among Male Nurses in Korea
  Kwang-Min Choi, Mi-Kyeong Jeon
  Journal of Acute Care Surgery.2021; 11(2): 71.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Turnover Intention among Male Nurses in Korea
  Su Ol Kim, Sun-Hee Moon
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(18): 9862.     CrossRef
• Male Nurses' Experiences of Being Rejected in Nursing Practice
  Gyeong Hye Choi, Hyeon Ju Kim, Joo Hyun Kim, Eun Sook Nam, Hye Jin Hyun, Hyun Wook Kang, Sung Ja Yoon, Hyun Jeong Son, Hyun Jeong Kim, Ah Rm Whang, Won Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2018; 24(1): 16.     CrossRef
• Relationship of Gender Role Conflict and Job Satisfaction to Turnover Intention for Men in Nursing
  Ha-Man Hwang, Myung Ja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(1): 32.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of job embeddedness and job satisfaction on turnover intention in nurses.
METHODS
The study design was a descriptive survey and questionnaires were collected from May 1 to 31, 2014. Participants were 216 nurses. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Scheffe test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program.
RESULTS
Job embeddedness was positively correlated with job satisfaction and negative correlations with turnover intention. Finally, job embeddedness and job satisfaction accounted for 33.1% of the variance in turnover intention.
CONCLUSION
Results indicate that job embeddedness and job satisfaction are factors influencing turnover intention. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and make available programs embracing factors in the prevention and reduction of turnover intention.

Citations

• Algılanan Yönetici Desteğinin İş Tatmini İle İlişkisinde İşe Gömülmüşlüğün Aracı, İşyeri Nezaketsizliğinin Düzenleyici Rolü
  Emre Seyrek, Nurdan Gürkan
  Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi.2025; 26(1): 119.     CrossRef
• Care Workers’ Turnover Intentions Associated With Workplace Abuse: The Role of Work-Related Stress and Job Satisfaction
  Sunghyun Ko, Yeonjung Lee
  The International Journal of Aging and Human Development.2025; 100(2): 248.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Socio-Cognitive Mindfulness, Job Stress and Social Support on Turnover Intention in General Hospital Nurses
  Chun Ha Kim, Mikyoung Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(2): 155.     CrossRef
• The Relationship Between Person‐Organization Fit and Job Embeddedness in Nursing: The Mediating Role of Workplace Happiness
  Ayşe Karadaş, Mehmet Gülşen, Nurşah Tatoğlu
  Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Impact of Job Embeddednes on Reducing Trdiness and Absentiseem
  Bruwsk Azad, Rahel Ghazi, Farhang Farhad
  OTS Canadian Journal.2024; 3(1): 19.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ job embeddedness and turnover intention: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Xin Wang, Ming Liu, Angela Y.M. Leung, Xiaoyan Jin, Hongxia Dai, Shaomei Shang
  International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2024; 11(5): 563.     CrossRef
• Impact of Role Conflict, Nursing Organizational Culture, and Nurse-Physician Collaboration on Job Embeddedness of Intensive Care Unit Nurses
  Young Eun Jin, Yun Mi Lee, Hyo Jin Park
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(1): 15.     CrossRef
• Effects of nursing professionalism and self-efficacy on job embeddedness in nurses
  Hee-jeong Kim, Dahye Park
  Heliyon.2023; 9(6): e16991.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Work Value, Psychological Ownership and Nursing Working Environment on Intention of Retention in Hospital Nurses
  Ji Hey Kim, Yoon Ju Cho, So Eun Jang
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 62.     CrossRef
• Probing the impact of transformational leadership on job embeddedness: the moderating role of job characteristics
  Usman Khalid, Rabia Mushtaq, Abdul Zahid Khan, Faisal Mahmood
  Management Research Review.2021; 44(8): 1139.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Nurses’ Job Satisfaction in Integrated Nursing and Care Services Unit: Focused on Compassion Fatigue, Compassion Satisfaction and Communication Efficacy
  Kyounghee Kim, Jongeun Lee
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2019; 22(2): 124.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Organizational Commitment and Positive Psychological Capital on Job Embeddedness of Nurses in Trauma Centers
  Eun Ji Choi, Eun Nam Lee, Moon Ja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 292.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Embeddedness, Nursing Work Environment, and Nursing Professionalism on Turnover Intention in Nurses Working at Rehabilitation Hospitals
  Kyung Mi Kim, Sook Young Kim, Hyenam Hwang, Hye Min Hwang, Hyoeun Kim, Eun Sun Lim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2019; 22(2): 134.     CrossRef
• The relationship between intention to leave the hospital and coping methods of emergency nurses after workplace violence
  In‐Young Jeong, Ji‐Soo Kim
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2018; 27(7-8): 1692.     CrossRef
• Effects of Job Embeddedness and Nursing Professionalism on Intent to Stay in Hospital Nurses
  Sug Young Choi, Mi-Aie Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(3): 234.     CrossRef
• İşe Gömülmüşlük, İşe Adanmışlık ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti İlişkisi: Bir Alan Çalışması
  Tuba Büyükbeşe, Mehmet Oktay Gökaslan
  Mukaddime.2018; 9(2): 135.     CrossRef
• Influences of Fatigue, Emotional Labor and Job Embeddedness on Nurses Turnover Intention
  Yo-Na Kim
  The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2017; 11(1): 67.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Nursing Work Environment, Job Embeddedness, and Turnover Intention in Nurses
  Hae Jin Ko, Jeong-Hee Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(3): 279.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to explore how hospital nurses decide to quit working as professional nurses using the grounded theory method. METHOD: The data was collected by individual in-depth interviews with 12 hospital nurses who recently resigned from work and it was analyzed using 'constant comparative analysis.' RESULT: The core category that emerged was "in search of new balance with self, work, and family". Three stages were identified: 1) "unconditionally accepting the working situation of itself," 2) "weighing advantages and disadvantages of working as a hospital nurse", and 3) "redesigning a future". Each stage contains three major strategies. The major strategies of the first stage are "maintaining a learning attitude", "enduring physical burnout," and "enduring unfair interpersonal relationships". The second stage contains "identifying advantages of working", "identifying disadvantages of working", and "comparing the advantages with the disadvantages". Lastly, the third stage includes "reassessing the aim of life", "beginning to construct an alternative life", and "deciding to quit working at a certain point". CONCLUSION: The results of the study will help nursing administrators in designing and implementing an effective turnover prevention program for nurses by understanding more deeply the process of turnover phenomenon among hospital nurses.