Su Ol Kim; Younhee Kang

doi:10.7469/kjan.2016.28.5.585

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A Prediction Model on the Male Nurses' Turnover Intention

Su Ol Kim, Ph.D., RN¹, Younhee Kang, Ph.D., ANP²

Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(5):585-594.
Published online: October 31, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7469/kjan.2016.28.5.585

¹Department of Nursing Science, Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul

²Professor, College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Kang, Younhee College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3277-4483, Fax: +82-2-3277-2850, E-mail: yxk12@ewha.ac.kr

• Received: July 10, 2016 • Accepted: October 24, 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop and test a predictive model on the male nurses’ turnover intention.
Methods
This study utilized the model-testing design based on the Price's causal model of turnover. This study collected data from 306 male nurses on a national scale with structured questionnaires measuring job opportunity, kinship responsibility, positive emotion, work autonomy, role conflict, work satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program and AMOS 20.0 program.
Results
As the outcomes satisfied the recommended level, the hypothetical model appeared to fit the data. Twenty-seven of the 38 hypotheses selected for the hypothetical model were statistically significant. 54.2% of turnover intention was explained by job opportunity, kinship responsibility, positive emotion, work autonomy, role conflict, work satisfaction and organizational commitment.
Conclusion
The hypothetical model of this study was confirmed to be adequate in explaining and predicting male nurses’ turnover intention. Findings from this study can be used to design appropriate strategies to decrease the male nurse's turnover intention.
Key Words: Nurse; Male; Turnover; Intention

Figure 1.

Conceptual framework.

Figure 2.

Path diagram of the hypothetical model including control variable.

Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics of Study Variables (N=306)

Variables	M±SD	Skewness	Kurtosis	Range
Job opportunity	8.70±2.38	1.49	-0.73	3~15
Kinship responsibility	5.29±1.65	1.19	-1.50	2~10
Positive emotion	16.31±3.11	-2.34	2.32	5~25
Work autonomy	11.45±2.98	-0.80	-1.02	4~20
Role conflict	10.87±2.73	2.26	-0.19	4~20
Work satisfaction	12.98±2.80	-1.83	1.25	4~20
Organizational commitment	22.93±4.53	-0.99	1.16	7~35
Turnover intention	12.51±3.43	0.60	-1.62	4~20

Table 2.

Fit Index of the Hypothetical Model

Model	x² (p)	DF	Normed x²	GFI	AGFI	CFI	NFI	IFI	SRMR	RMSEA
Acceptance criteria	(p＞.05)		≤3	.90~1	.90~1	.90~1	.90~1	.90~1	≤.05	≤.08
Hypothetic Model	0	0	0	1.00	-	1.00	1.00	1.00	0	.33
Modified Model	8.78 (.12)	5	1.76	.99	.95	.99	.99	.99	.02	.05

GFI=goodness of fit index; AGFI=adjusted goodness of fit index; CFI=comparative fit index; NFI=normed fit index; IFI=incremental fit index; SRMR=standardized root mean square residual; RMSEA=root mean square error of approximation.

Table 3.

Direct Effect, Indirect Effect, and Total Effect in Hypothetical Model

Endogenous variables Exogenous variables	SE	CR	p	SMC	Direct effect	p	Indirect effect	p^†	Total effect	p^†
Work satisfaction				.613		＜.001			-.11	＜.001
Job opportunity	-.13	-3.66	＜.001		-.11	＜.001			.73	＜.001
Positive emotion	.65	17.17	＜.001		.73	＜.001			.18	＜.001
Work autonomy	.19	5.25	＜.001		.18	.005			-.10	.005
Role conflict	-.10	-2.85	.005		-.10
Organizational commitment				.643
Job opportunity	-.17	-5.07	＜.001		-.14	＜.001	-.07	＜.001	-.21	＜.001
Kinship responsibility	.08	2.50	.013		.06	.013			.06	.013
Positive emotion							.46	＜.001	.46	＜.001
Work autonomy	.07	2.06	.041		.06	.041	.11	＜.001	.18	＜.001
Role conflict	-.07	-2.09	.038		-.07	.038	-.06	.005	-.14	.001
Work satisfaction	.69	17.63	＜.001		.64	＜.001			.64	＜.001
Turnover intention					.542
Job opportunity	.12	2.40	.003	.13		.003	.15	＜.001	.29	＜.001
Kinship responsibility							-.03	.022	-.03	.022
Positive emotion							-.52	＜.001	-.52	＜.001
Work autonomy							-.16	＜.001	-.16	＜.001
Role conflict	.08	1.99	.046	.10		.046	.11	.001	.21	＜.001
Work satisfaction	-.33	-5.20	＜.001	-.39		＜.001	-.327	.001	-.72	＜.001
Organizational commitment	-.38	-6.04	＜.001	-.51		＜.001			-.51	＜.001

^†Value from Bootstrapping method.

SE=Standard Estimate; CR=Critical ratio; SMC=Squared multiple correlation.

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A Prediction Model on the Male Nurses' Turnover Intention

Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(5):585-594. Published online October 31, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.5.585

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A Prediction Model on the Male Nurses' Turnover Intention

Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(5):585-594. Published online October 31, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.5.585

Figure

A Prediction Model on the Male Nurses' Turnover Intention

Figure 1. Conceptual framework.

Figure 2. Path diagram of the hypothetical model including control variable.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

A Prediction Model on the Male Nurses' Turnover Intention

Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics of Study Variables (N=306)

Variables	M±SD	Skewness	Kurtosis	Range
Job opportunity	8.70±2.38	1.49	-0.73	3~15
Kinship responsibility	5.29±1.65	1.19	-1.50	2~10
Positive emotion	16.31±3.11	-2.34	2.32	5~25
Work autonomy	11.45±2.98	-0.80	-1.02	4~20
Role conflict	10.87±2.73	2.26	-0.19	4~20
Work satisfaction	12.98±2.80	-1.83	1.25	4~20
Organizational commitment	22.93±4.53	-0.99	1.16	7~35
Turnover intention	12.51±3.43	0.60	-1.62	4~20

Table 2.

Fit Index of the Hypothetical Model

Model	x² (p)	DF	Normed x²	GFI	AGFI	CFI	NFI	IFI	SRMR	RMSEA
Acceptance criteria	(p＞.05)		≤3	.90~1	.90~1	.90~1	.90~1	.90~1	≤.05	≤.08
Hypothetic Model	0	0	0	1.00	-	1.00	1.00	1.00	0	.33
Modified Model	8.78 (.12)	5	1.76	.99	.95	.99	.99	.99	.02	.05

Table 3.

Direct Effect, Indirect Effect, and Total Effect in Hypothetical Model

Endogenous variables Exogenous variables	SE	CR	p	SMC	Direct effect	p	Indirect effect	p^†	Total effect	p^†
Work satisfaction				.613		＜.001			-.11	＜.001
Job opportunity	-.13	-3.66	＜.001		-.11	＜.001			.73	＜.001
Positive emotion	.65	17.17	＜.001		.73	＜.001			.18	＜.001
Work autonomy	.19	5.25	＜.001		.18	.005			-.10	.005
Role conflict	-.10	-2.85	.005		-.10
Organizational commitment				.643
Job opportunity	-.17	-5.07	＜.001		-.14	＜.001	-.07	＜.001	-.21	＜.001
Kinship responsibility	.08	2.50	.013		.06	.013			.06	.013
Positive emotion							.46	＜.001	.46	＜.001
Work autonomy	.07	2.06	.041		.06	.041	.11	＜.001	.18	＜.001
Role conflict	-.07	-2.09	.038		-.07	.038	-.06	.005	-.14	.001
Work satisfaction	.69	17.63	＜.001		.64	＜.001			.64	＜.001
Turnover intention					.542
Job opportunity	.12	2.40	.003	.13		.003	.15	＜.001	.29	＜.001
Kinship responsibility							-.03	.022	-.03	.022
Positive emotion							-.52	＜.001	-.52	＜.001
Work autonomy							-.16	＜.001	-.16	＜.001
Role conflict	.08	1.99	.046	.10		.046	.11	.001	.21	＜.001
Work satisfaction	-.33	-5.20	＜.001	-.39		＜.001	-.327	.001	-.72	＜.001
Organizational commitment	-.38	-6.04	＜.001	-.51		＜.001			-.51	＜.001

^†Value from Bootstrapping method.

SE=Standard Estimate; CR=Critical ratio; SMC=Squared multiple correlation.

Table 1. Descriptive Statistics of Study Variables (N=306)

Table 2. Fit Index of the Hypothetical Model

Table 3. Direct Effect, Indirect Effect, and Total Effect in Hypothetical Model

†

Value from Bootstrapping method.

SE=Standard Estimate; CR=Critical ratio; SMC=Squared multiple correlation.

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