PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of reported self-blame in the relationship between stigma and distress among cancer patients. METHODS A convenience sample of 247 inpatients and outpatients diagnosed with one of the five major cancers was recruited. A cross-sectional survey design was used. Data were collected from June 2013 to November 2013. The instruments used for data collection were the Korean Cancer Stigma Scale, the Psychological Symptom Inventory, and the Social Shame and Guilt Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression using Baron and Kenny steps for mediation. RESULTS The mean score reported for cancer stigma was 35.34, the mean score for distress was 13.77, and the mean for self-blame was 19.25. There was a significant correlation among stigma, distress, and self-blame. Self-blame was directly affected by stigma (R2=34.3%). Distress was directly affected by stigma (R2=13.0%). Stigma and self-blame impacted reported distress (R2=20.9%). Self-blame had a partial mediating effect (β=.35, p < .001) in the relationship between stigma and distress (Sobel test: Z=3.64, p < .001). CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on reducing stigma and decreasing self-blame may relieve the distress reported by patients with cancer.
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PURPOSE The study was designed to identify influencing and mediating factors of health behaviors of stroke patients based on the hypothetical model constructed in this study. METHODS Non-experimental correlational research design was used. One hundred and five stroke patients were conveniently selected from one university hospital located in Incheon. Data were collected with survey and analyzed by path analysis to examine the significant influencing and mediating factors of health behaviors in stroke patients. RESULTS Age, diagnosis, disability in ADL, knowledge related to health behavior, and self-efficacy had significant direct causal influences on health behavior. And it was shown that knowledge and self-efficacy mediated influence of cohabitation status with family (whether or not living together with family) on health behavior. Self-efficacy also mediated influence of knowledge on health behavior. CONCLUSION From the results, it was proposed that providing knowledge related to health behavior and enhancing self-efficacy by educating skill necessary for health behaviors and promoting health related beliefs might increase health behavior particularly for stroke patients living together with family.
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