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"Intensive Care Units"

Original Articles

Purpose
Over 10% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients die; however, research aimed at assessing and improving the quality of their deaths remains scarce. This study investigated the impact of communication among healthcare professionals and person-centered care provided by ICU nurses on the quality of dying and death (QODD) experienced by ICU patients.
Methods
We measured general characteristics of ICU nurses, interprofessional communication, and person-centered care, and identified their impact on the quality of death for patients who died in the ICU. Participants consisted of 103 ICU nurses employed at two tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected between January and May 2023. Descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23.0.
Results
The mean QODD score was 44.73±21.26. QODD was positively correlated with openness (nurse-physician), understanding (nurse-physician), satisfaction (nurse-physician), and person-centered care. Factors significantly influencing QODD included nurse-physician communication, specifically understanding (β=.35, p=.010), and person-centered care (β=.19, p=.033), explaining 20.2% of the total variance (F=7.44, p<.001).
Conclusion
Improved communication among healthcare professionals and enhanced person-centered care are essential for improving the QODD for ICU patients. To achieve this, educational initiatives focusing on end-of-life care and communication training programs for healthcare professionals should be implemented.
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Predictive Factors of Intensive Care Unit Readmission among Older Patients: A Retrospective Study
Sunhui Choi, Kuem Sun Han, Sung Reul Kim, Hyemin Lim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2025;37(1):36-49.   Published online February 28, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2025.37.1.36
Purpose
This study aimed to determine the rates of intensive care unit readmission and to identify the factors influencing readmission among intensive care unit patients aged≥65 years with internal medicine conditions.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records from a tertiary care hospital in Seoul, analyzing the characteristics of patients who were and were not readmitted between December 2020 and September 2022.
Results
A total of 351 patients were included. The unplanned intensive care unit readmission rate was 4.8% within 7 days and 9.1% beyond 7 days after discharge. Comorbid diabetes, higher total bilirubin levels at intensive care unit admission, lower PaO2/FiO2 ratios at discharge, and elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels at discharge were associated with an increased risk of readmission within 7 days. In contrast, hypertension, prolonged intensive care unit stays, and lower hemoglobin levels at discharge were associated with readmissions occurring after 7 days.
Conclusion
Intensive care unit readmission among older patients is influenced by several clinical and hematological factors. Nurses should consider a patient's history of diabetes and hypertension, length of intensive care unit stay, and laboratory values-specifically total bilirubin at admission, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio, hemoglobin, and BUN levels at discharge-when making discharge decisions. These findings can inform the development of discharge guidelines.
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  • 0 Scopus
Purpose
Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) experience a variety of symptoms. This descriptive correlational study aimed to determine the prevalence of symptoms and the physiological and situational factors associated with these symptoms in ICU patients.
Methods
We analyzed the Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) of 1,214 cases admitted to and discharged from the ICUs of a university hospital in Seoul over a 1-year period from June to September 2022. This analysis utilized standardized instruments embedded in EMRs and a natural language analysis framework developed by the researchers. Descriptive statistics, the x 2 test, the Fisher exact test, and multivariate logistic regression were employed to identify common symptoms and their related factors.
Results
In total, 85.7% of the cases had at least one symptom during their ICU stay, and 36.6% experienced 2 symptoms. Pain was the most frequently experienced symptom, affecting 69.5% of cases, followed by agitation (29.7%), dyspnea (29.7%), and delirium (4.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the length of ICU stay influenced pain (odds ratio [OR]=1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02~1.06; p<.001), delirium (OR=1.08; 95% CI, 1.06~1.11; p<.001), agitation (OR=1.07; 95% CI, 1.05~1.10; p<.001), and dyspnea (OR=1.19; 95% CI, 1.13~1.26; p<.001).
Conclusion
Pain, agitation, and dyspnea are common in ICU patients and are associated with the length of their ICU stay. Our study identifies factors related to these symptoms that could be targeted to manage and reduce their occurrence, providing a foundation for future research on various symptom assessment tools and natural language transcripts.
  • 50 View
  • 1 Download
  • 0 Scopus
Factors Influencing Performance of End-of-Life Care by ICU Nurses: A Descriptive Survey Study
Gyo Seon Lim, Yang Gyeong Yoo
Korean J Adult Nurs 2023;35(1):47-60.   Published online February 28, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2023.35.1.47
Purpose
The purpose of this descriptive survey study was to investigate the relationship between death awareness, life-sustaining nursing stress, end-of-life care competency and performance, and resilience. Additionally, the factors influencing end-of-life care performance by ICU nurses were identified. Methods: Data were collected from one tertiary and two general hospitals in J province from July 1 to July 30, 2022. Nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICU) for more than three months who had experience in end-of-life care were selected through convenience sampling. A total of 188 responses to the survey were included in the final analysis. An IBM SPSS program was used for the data analysis. Results: Factors impacting end-of-life care performance (with an explanatory power of 31.9%) were as follows: higher knowledge and behavioral competency in end-of-life care, higher relational patterns in resilience, higher levels of death positivity in death awareness, and clinical experience of less than a year compared to that of three to five years were associated with higher end-of-life care performance. Conclusion: These findings point to the urgent need for increasing end-of-life care performance among nurses in clinical practice; therefore, practical strategies must be developed and actively implemented to strengthen relevant competencies and resilience and promote death positivity. Based on these findings, future studies are needed to develop an intervention program to improve the spiritual scope of end-of-life care and verify the effects.
  • 68 View
  • 4 Download
  • 0 Scopus
Risk Factors associated with Unplanned Removal of Nasogastric Tubes in Neurocritical Patients
Jaejin Kang, Yang-Sook Yoo
Korean J Adult Nurs 2022;34(2):158-167.   Published online April 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2022.34.2.158
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence and risk factors associated with the unplanned removal of nasogastric (NG) tubes in neurocritical patients.
Methods
Data were collected retrospectively from the medical records of 479 patients admitted to the tertiary hospital's neuro-intensive care units (NCU). Subjects were divided into two groups depending on whether there was unplanned NG tube removal. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors.
Results
Unplanned removal of NG tubes occurred in 35.9% of patients. The incidence of unplanned NG tube removal was 47.2 per 1,000 patient days. Intubated time of the NG tube was 3.96 days in patients with unplanned removal. Risk factors associated with unplanned removal were men (Odds Ratio [OR]=2.19), epilepsy (OR=9.99), traumatic brain injury (OR=5.50), stroke (OR=4.42), improvement of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (OR=1.08), delirium (OR=1.88), physical restraint (OR=2.44), and drainage or decompression purpose (OR=1.67).
Conclusion
Unplanned removal of NG tubes occurred very frequently in neurocritical patients. Care should be taken for patients with neurological diseases who show improvement in their level of consciousness but are still confused due to brain lesions or delirium to reduce it. The application of physical restraints cannot guarantee the prevention of unplanned NG tube removal. Therefore, nurses need to assess the condition of patients and NG tubes frequently.In particular, more attention should be paid to using NG tubes for decompression or drainage purposes. It is also proposed to actively review the NG tube removal plan through periodic evaluation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of the restraint decision tree for physical restraint use in South Korean neurointensive care units
    Jaejin Kang, Sol Kim, Minji Lee, Hyunjoo Na
    Nursing in Critical Care.2024; 29(5): 1110.     CrossRef
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  • 1 Crossref
  • 1 Scopus
Effects of A Multicomponent Intervention Program for Preventing Delirium in Geriatric Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Ju Hee Hwang, Min Young Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2021;33(6):565-575.   Published online December 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2021.33.6.565
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a Multicomponent Intervention Program for Preventing Delirium (MIPPD) on the incidence of delirium, self-extubation or self-removal of the catheter, and length of stay among elderly patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Methods
This study employed a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest non-synchronized design to verify the MIPPD effects. The participants, 73 patients aged over 65 years were admitted to a university hospital's ICU in J province between December 2015 and July 2016. The MIPPD contained the following elements: family caregiver education, delirium assessment, reorientation activities, therapeutic communication, sensory intervention for vision and hearing impairments, management of immobility or limited mobility, family support, and maintenance of sleeping patterns. Under the program, nurses and family members provided immediate intervention to elderly patients with an expected length of stay of at least 48 hours.
Results
After the MIPPD application, the incidence of delirium in the intervention group was significantly lower (odds ratio=0.19, 95% confidence interval=0.03~0.97) than that in the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of self-extubation or catheter self-removal and length of stay.
Conclusions
This program can effectively reduce the incidence of delirium. Because prevention is optimal for delirium management, a proactive intervention must be considered; given that, in this study, there were no problems in terms of family engagement, an MIPPD involving family participation should be actively implemented in intensive care unit practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The effectiveness of family participation interventions for the prevention of delirium in intensive care units: A systematic review
    Marli Lopo Vitorino, Adriana Henriques, Graça Melo, Helga Rafael Henriques
    Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2025; 89: 103976.     CrossRef
  • Promoting Family Involvement in the Management of Delirium in Intensive Care: Scoping Review
    Sandra Lange, Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska
    Medicina.2024; 60(12): 1934.     CrossRef
  • Microteoria de enfermagem na prevenção do delirium em pessoas idosas na unidade de terapia intensiva
    Sandra da Silva Kinalski, Margrid Beuter, Eliane Raquel Rieth Benetti, Marinês Tambara Leite, Larissa Venturini, Marcos Antônio Gomes Brandão
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Affecting Delirium in ICU Patients
    I Seul Jeong, Mi-Kyoung Cho
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(10): 5889.     CrossRef
  • Nursing microtheory in the prevention of delirium in older adult in the intensive care unit
    Sandra da Silva Kinalski, Margrid Beuter, Eliane Raquel Rieth Benetti, Marinês Tambara Leite, Larissa Venturini, Marcos Antônio Gomes Brandão
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Educational intervention for family caregivers of older adults with delirium: An integrative review
    JuHee Lee, Insun Yeom, Subin Yoo, Soomin Hong
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2023; 32(19-20): 6987.     CrossRef
  • Microteoría de enfermería en la prevención del delirium en personas mayores en la unidad de cuidados intensivos
    Sandra da Silva Kinalski, Margrid Beuter, Eliane Raquel Rieth Benetti, Marinês Tambara Leite, Larissa Venturini, Marcos Antônio Gomes Brandão
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 7 Crossref
  • 5 Scopus
Purpose
This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the performance of person-centered care among Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses from an ecological perspective.
Methods
The participants were 172 ICU nurses working in eight hospitals in B city. Data were collected from July to August, 2020. The questionnaire consisted of measuring tools for general characteristics, performance of person-centered care, compassion satisfaction, communication competence, and teamwork. The SPSS/25.0 program was used to analyze the data using hierarchical multiple regression.
Results
According to the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, total nursing experience, compassion satisfaction, communication competence, and team work accounted for 44.1% of the variance in performance of person-centered care among ICU nurses (p<.001).
Conclusion
Enhancing compassion satisfaction, communication competence, and teamwork can help increase the performance of ICU nurses’ person-centered care. In addition, in order to improve the performance of person-centered care among ICU nurses, it is necessary to investigate and explore the factors hindering the performance of person-centered care among ICU nurses with more than 5 years of experience. Therefore, multidimensional efforts are needed to develop educational programs to increase the performance of person-centered care among ICU nurses.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • How the nursing work environment moderates the relationship between clinical judgment and person-centered care among intensive care unit nurses
    Mi Hwa Seo, Eun A. Kim, Hae Ran Kim, Mohammad Jamil Rababa
    PLOS ONE.2025; 20(1): e0316654.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Person-Centered Care Among Psychiatric Nurses in Hospitals
    Ji Su Lee, Mi Heui Jang, Min Jung Sun
    Healthcare.2024; 12(22): 2269.     CrossRef
  • Assessing Needs for Practical Training in Intensive Care Unit to Enhance Nursing Education: A Focus Group Interview
    Sunah Park, Bokyoung Kim
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(2): 55.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Person-Centered Care among Nurses in COVID-19 Special Care Units at Tertiary General Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
    Kisook Kim, Sunmi Kwon
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(2): 127.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Person-Centered Perioperative Nursing and Patient Safety Competency on Patient Safety Management Activities among Operating Room Nurses: A Descriptive Survey Study
    Ji Yong Shin, Eun Hee Jang
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(2): 97.     CrossRef
  • Person-centred care among intensive care unit nurses: A cross-sectional study
    Hyuna Youn, Miyoung Lee, Sun Joo Jang
    Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2022; 73: 103293.     CrossRef
  • Mediating Effect of Communication Competence in the Relationship between Compassion and Patient-Centered Care in Clinical Nurses in South Korea
    Miri Jeong, Kawoun Seo
    Healthcare.2022; 10(10): 2069.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing the Performance of Person-centered Care Among Nurses in Designated COVID-19 Hospitals
    Hyun-Joung Yun, Jaehee Jeon
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(4): 413.     CrossRef
  • Factors influencing mental health nurses in providing person-centered care
    Suyoun Ahn, Yeojin Yi
    Nursing Ethics.2022; 29(6): 1491.     CrossRef
  • 71 View
  • 4 Download
  • 9 Crossref
  • 8 Scopus
Risk Factors for Delirium in Trauma Intensive Care Unit Patients
Jongran Kim, Jeong-Ah Ahn
Korean J Adult Nurs 2020;32(6):623-631.   Published online December 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2020.32.6.623
Purpose
This descriptive study aimed to present the incidence of delirium and identify risk factors for delirium in Trauma Intensive Care Unit (TICU) patients. Methods: The participants were 184 patients who were hospitalized in the TICU at a Regional Trauma Center in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected between April and November 2019. For delirium measurement, the author used the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Diverse dependent variables were collected through electronic medical records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, x 2 -test, and binomial logistic regression. Results: Incidence of delirium in TICU patients was 34.8%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for delirium in TICU patients were hemoglobin (Odds Ratio [OR]=0.62, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=0.43~0.88), injury severity score (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.01~1.20), length of TICU stay (OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.03~1.29), administered sedatives (OR=6.04, 95% CI=2.47~14.76), and use of restraints (OR=5.75, 95% CI=2.29~14.42). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, healthcare providers, especially TICU nurses, should try to detect the signs and symptoms of delirium as early as possible, taking into account the specified risk factors of the patient. Preventive and practical intervention programs considering the risk factors must also be developed to prevent and alleviate delirium in TICU patients in the future.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparison of the Validity of the PRE-DELIRIC model and the E-PRE-DELIRIC model for Predicting Delirium in patients after Cardiac Surgery
    Eun Ju Cho, Myoung Soo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(3): 275.     CrossRef
  • Investigation of Delirium Occurrence and Intervention Status in Intensive Care Unit at a Hospital and Perception of Delirium by Medical Staff
    Yi-Seul Kang, Soon-Hee Kim, Min-Jeoung Lee, Hyo-Jin Lee, Oak-Bun Lim, Sang-Bum Hong, Hye-Ran Choi
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(1): 71.     CrossRef
  • Intensive Care Experience of Critical Care Patients and Its Related Factors : A Secondary Analysis Study
    Jiyeon Kang, Hyojeong Woo
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 11.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics and Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers in Severe Trauma Patients Admitted to the Trauma Intensive Care Unit
    Seung-yeon Lim, Young-min Jeong, So-young Jeong
    Journal of Acute Care Surgery.2023; 13(2): 47.     CrossRef
  • Factors Affecting Delirium in ICU Patients
    I Seul Jeong, Mi-Kyoung Cho
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(10): 5889.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients with colorectal cancer
    Hyunhwa Kim, Heeok Park, Eun Kyung Kim
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2022; 31(1-2): 174.     CrossRef
  • Differences in Associated Factors according to the Time of Occurrence of Pressure Ulcers in Intensive Care Unit Patients
    Mijung Lee, Eunjeoung Seo, Miok Kim, Jeongok Park, Seonmi Lee, Hyunkyung Shin, Ilsim Yun, Mina Cho, Youngcha Cho, Bomi Kang, Hyunmi Seo, Misoon Lee, Sira Lee, Hyejoo Jang, Hyunsuk Jung, Jeong-Ah Ahn
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(3): 26.     CrossRef
  • 51 View
  • 3 Download
  • 7 Crossref
  • 3 Scopus
Development and Application of an Intervention for Noise Reduction in Intensive Care Units
Sun-Hee Yun, Na-Young Kwak, Yang-Sook Yoo
Korean J Adult Nurs 2020;32(6):584-598.   Published online December 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2020.32.6.584
Purpose
This study aimed to develop an intervention to reduce noise in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and evaluate the effects of applying it. Methods: The research design was a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental study. To develop noise reduction interventions in ICUs, preliminary intervention techniques to reduce noise were derived through a literature review, field survey, and focus group interviews. The intervention was developed by verifying the validity of the content and the clinical applicability, and the result was applied to practice. To assess the effect of the intervention, the following were evaluated: noise level in the ICU, perceived noise level, response to noise, satisfaction of patients and staff with noise management, sleep quality of patients, noise-related knowledge, and perception and performance of noise management of the staff. Results: With the intervention developed in this study, the noise level in the ICU, perceived noise level, and response to noise of patients and staff decreased, and satisfaction with noise management increased. The sleep quality of patients, noise-related knowledge, and perception and performance of noise management of the staff increased. Conclusion: This intervention is shown to be effective in reducing the noise level in the ICU. Therefore, if it is used actively in practice, it is expected to create a comfortable environment by reducing the noise level in the ICU.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors Affecting Nurses’ Performance of Noise Management in Adult Intensive Care Units
    Seo Jeong Kim, Haeyoung Min, Majd T. Mrayyan
    Journal of Nursing Management.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • 68 View
  • 1 Download
  • 1 Crossref
  • 1 Scopus
Influence of the Rapid Response Team Activation via Screening by Nurses on Unplanned Intensive Care Unit Admissions
Ye-Ji Huh, Seong mi Moon, Eun Kyeung Eun, Min young Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2020;32(5):539-549.   Published online October 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2020.32.5.539
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the influence of the activation of the Rapid Response Team (RRT) through screening unplanned Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions.
Methods
A total of 539 cases in which the RRT was activated, from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017, were analyzed. Data were collected by reviewing rapid response team activity reports and electronic medical records and analyzed using the Chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression analysis. The analyzed types of RRT activation were electronic medical record-based screening and activation through direct call.
Results
Patients admitted to the ICU following RRT activation through direct call were twice as likely to experience an unplanned ICU admission than patients for which the RRT was activated through electronic medical record screening (Odds Ratio [OR]=2.05, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.27~3.30). Other variables, including the medical department, activation duration in minutes, total national early warning score, and respiratory distress as the reason for activation (compared to sepsis or septic shock) predicted unplanned ICU admissions.
Conclusion
Electronic medical record screening by RRT may facilitate the early detection and monitoring of physiological deterioration in patients in the general medical ward. This strategy may help prevent unplanned ICU admissions and potentially reduce mortality.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The effect of nurses' perceptions and satisfaction with hospital rapid response teams on burnout related to emergency situations in Korea: a cross-sectional study
    Bumin Kim, Nahyun Kim
    Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2025; 27(2): 234.     CrossRef
  • Early Prediction of Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit Using the GRU-D-MGP-TCN Model
    Seunghee Lee, Geonchul Shin, Jeongseok Hwang, Yunjeong Hwang, Hyunwoo Jang, Ju Han Park, Sunmi Han, Kyeongmin Ryu, Jong-Yeup Kim
    IEEE Access.2024; 12: 148294.     CrossRef
  • Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment and Performance in Simulation of Recognizing and Responding of the Deterioriating Patient ; a retrospective mixed-methods
    Yi Kyung Ha
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(2): 42.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a Rapid Response Team on the Clinical Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Patients Hospitalized in General Wards
    Mi-Jung Yoon, Jin-Hee Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2021; 28(4): 491.     CrossRef
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PURPOSE
Critical care nurses are often exposed to many stressors, which may predispose them to develop work-related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Hence, this study's purpose was to identify factors associated with PTSD among nurses in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), who had experienced trauma events.
METHODS
For this descriptive study, 169 subjects were recruited at the C University Hospital, where data were collected through the intranet from February 1 to March 16, 2018. Based on the stress, appraisal-coping model, well-structured questionnaires were used to measure PTSD as the dependent variable; and Type D personality, resilience, communication ability, problem solving ability, stress coping style, stress inducing events, and social support as independent variables. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze PTSD related factors.
RESULTS
The mean of PTSD symptoms was 15.52±12.94; with 20.7% and 45.6% of participants falling in the PTSD high risk and Type D personality groups, respectively. Moreover, resilience was found to be 107.41±12.79, traumatic events to be 28.25±7.07, and social support to be 80.22±12.20, while the following parameters were associated with PTSD: D type personality (Odds Ratio [OR]=4.27, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.62~11.21), experience of traumatic events (OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.02~1.15), resilience (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.92~0.99), and social support (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.92~0.99).
CONCLUSION
While examining risk factors associated with PTSD, Type D personality and the occurrence of trauma events should be considered when nurses are assigned to ICUs, along with the improvements required in hospital culture for enhancing resilience and social support.

Citations

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  • Professional quality of life, resilience, posttraumatic stress and leisure activity among intensive care unit nurses
    Noori Shin, Yun‐Jung Choi
    International Nursing Review.2024; 71(1): 94.     CrossRef
  • The Moderating Role of Perceived Social Support in the Relation between Type D Personality and PTSD Symptoms among ICU and ER Nurses
    Sohyeon Kim, Myung-Ho Hyun
    STRESS.2023; 31(4): 197.     CrossRef
  • Psychopathological Factors Associated With Burnout in Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Erman Yıldız
    Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association.2023; 29(2): 122.     CrossRef
  • Relationship among Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Resilience, and Retention Intention in Nurses who had Perceived Traumatic Events
    Jin Young Lee, Ja Yun Choi
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(4): 403.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Social Supports on the Excessive Alcohol Use of the Middle-Aged Adults in South Korea: Do All Types of Social Supports Have Positive Effects on Excessive Alcohol Users?
    Seong-Jun Maeng, Kwang-Hyun Kim, Jun-Hyeok Kang
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(19): 12624.     CrossRef
  • Post-traumatic Growth and it’s associations with Deliberate Rumination, Self-disclosure, and Social Support among Intensive Care Unit Nurses
    Sae Mi Min, Hee Jun Kim, Chun-Ja Kim, Jeong-Ah Ahn
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(2): 50.     CrossRef
  • Experience of Violence and Factors Influencing Response to Violence Among Emergency Nurses in South Korea: Perspectives on Stress-Coping Theory
    Seung-Yi Choi, Hyunlye Kim, Kwang-Hi Park
    Journal of Emergency Nursing.2022; 48(1): 74.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Traumatic Events on Turnover Intention among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units: The Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence
    Hyunmi Kim, Jiyoung Park
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(2): 70.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of posttraumatic growth of intensive care unit nurses in Korea
    Ae Kyung Chang, Hyejin Yoon, Ji Hyun Jang
    Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of Expressive Writing on Professional Quality of Life and Resilience among Intensive Care Unit Nurses
    Danbi You, Hye-Ja Park
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(3): 276.     CrossRef
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  • 10 Crossref
  • 7 Scopus
Noise Level by Type in Adult Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Korea
Sun Hee Yun, Hee Young Choi, Sun Hee Lee, Eun Hee Peck, Yang Sook Yoo
Korean J Adult Nurs 2020;32(1):1-9.   Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2020.32.1.1
PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the actual noise conditions in adult Intensive Care Units (ICUs) according to type, time, day of the week, and area.
METHODS
This study was conducted from February to March 2018. ICU noise levels were examined using a noise meter with a microphone an amplifier, auditory correction circuit, and indicator meter capable of directly reading A-weighted decibels (dBA). Noise was measured for 24 hours for seven days and the average dBA, maximum dBA, and minimum dBA were recorded.
RESULTS
The highest mean noise level was 58.48 dBA (range of 57.62~65.27), while lowest was 51.65 dBA (range of 51.36~52.86). Average noise levels on weekdays and weekends were over 50 dBA(the open zone was measured at 56.61 dBA, while the isolation zone was measured at 52.45 dBA. Further, daytime, evening work-times and weekdays were measured above 60 dBA, while nighttime noise levels were below 60 dBA. Finally, average noise levels during turnarounds, shift changes, and rounding times were above 60 dBA; open zone had higher average noise levels than the isolation zone.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that ICU noise levels exceeded those recommended by the World Health Organization regardless of type of noise, day of the week, or time. Therefore, studies are proposed to identify the need or importance of noise management by ICU personnel to reduce noise in ICUs. It also proposes studies to develop and apply noise reduction strategies that can be easily used in practice, reflecting the various characteristics of noise in ICUs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors Affecting Nurses’ Performance of Noise Management in Adult Intensive Care Units
    Seo Jeong Kim, Haeyoung Min, Majd T. Mrayyan
    Journal of Nursing Management.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • Noise Experience Status and Response to Noise of Patients and Nursing Staff in the ICU
    Sun-Hee Yun, Jung-Eun Choi, Hyoung-Soon Kim, Yang-Sook Yoo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2021; 28(2): 207.     CrossRef
  • Development and Application of an Intervention for Noise Reduction in Intensive Care Units
    Sun-Hee Yun, Na-Young Kwak, Yang-Sook Yoo
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Factors Influencing Delirium in Neurological Intensive Care Unit Patient
Hyun Jin Lee, Sung Reul Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2018;30(5):470-481.   Published online October 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.5.470
PURPOSE
The aims of this study were to describe the incidence rate of delirium and to identify factors influencing delirium in neurological intensive care unit patients.
METHODS
The participants were 193 critically ill patients with neurological disorder from Chonbuk national university hospital in Jeonju. Data were collected between April 1 and November 25, 2017 using four structured questionnaires: Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit, Glasgow Coma Scale, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, and Karnofsky Performance Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program.
RESULTS
The incidence rate of delirium was 11.9%. Delirium was related with age, length of stay in intensive care unit, Glasgow Coma Scale score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Karnofsky Performance Scale score, use of physical restraint, antihypertensive drugs, and anticonvulsants. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, length of stay in intensive care unit, use of physical restraint, and anticonvulsants were factors influencing delirium in neurological intensive care unit patients.
CONCLUSION
Delirium was related to demographic, clinical, medication-related, and environmental factors in patients in neurological intensive care units. Therefore, nurses should consider the patient's age, length of stay intensive care unit, use of physical restraint, and anticonvulsants in assessing delirium in neurological intensive care unit patients. Delirium prevention programs considering these factors may be effective for such patients.

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  • Factors-related to the severity of delirium among older adults in neurologic intensive care units: A retrospective study using electronic medical record data
    Ae Young Cho, JiYeon Choi, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyung Hee Lee
    Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2025; 27(2): 166.     CrossRef
  • Risk Factors for Delirium in Trauma Intensive Care Unit Patients
    Jongran Kim, Jeong-Ah Ahn
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(6): 623.     CrossRef
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Factors Affecting Caregivers' Burnout Caring for a Family Member in an Intensive Care Unit
Min Jeong Park, So Hee Park, Mi Young Chung
Korean J Adult Nurs 2017;29(5):517-526.   Published online October 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.5.517
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors which contribute to the burnout of a family member providing care to a family member in the intensive care unit (ICU).
METHODS
Data about participants' characteristics, stress, burden, social support and burnout were collected from March 1 to September 15, 2016. Data were collected through interviews and a self-report questionnaire. One hundred and twenty-three participants who were the primary caregiver participated in the study.
RESULTS
The reported mean stress score was 2.13±0.78 and of reported burden was 3.24±0.27. The mean score of social support was 3.17±0.59 and of burnout was 2.61±0.58. There were significant differences in education level, financial burden, assistant, and health status in burnout of the family caregivers. Burnout had significant correlations with stress (r=.76, p < .001), burden (r=.43, p < .001), and social support (r=-.62, p < .001). The influencing factors on burnout were stress (β=0.63, p < .001), burden (β=0.14, p=.010), and social support (β=-0.32, p < .001). These variables explained 71.8% of the total variance in burnout.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that stress, burden, and social support should be considered in developing the nursing interventions to improve the burnout among family caregivers of the ICU patients.

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  • Challenges Experienced by Family Caregivers of the Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients in Korea: An Integrative Review
    JiYeon Choi, Judith A. Tate, Youn-Jung Son
    Clinical Nursing Research.2021; 30(4): 423.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Self-care on Burnout in Primary Family Caregiver of Person with Dementia
    Jeong Hwa Kwon, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(2): 217.     CrossRef
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Attitude, Role Perception and Nursing Stress on Life Sustaining Treatment among Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Su Jeong Lee, Hye Young Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2017;29(2):131-142.   Published online April 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.2.131
PURPOSE
The aims of the study were to investigate relationships among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' attitude, role perception, and nursing stress related to life sustaining treatment (LST), and secondly, to identify factors influencing nursing stress about LST.
METHODS
Participants were 202 conveniently sampled ICU nurses from general hospitals in Korea with over 300 beds. From December 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016, data were collected using structured questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed to measure nursing stress related to LST. Content validity and reliability was established for the instrument.
RESULTS
Relationships were found between attitude and role perception, and between role perception and nursing stress about LST. Participants' role perception, gender, education level, and the experience of dealing with family members of patients receiving LST accounted for 13% of variance in nursing stress about LST.
CONCLUSION
Results confirmed that ICU nurses' role perception affects nursing stress about LST. Accordingly, the nursing education programs related to LST should aim to enhance role perception of nurses, and strategies to reduce the nursing stress about LST of the nurses in ICU need to be further developed.

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    Myung Nam Lee, So-Hi Kwon, SuJeong Yu, Sook Hyun Park, Sinyoung Kwon, Cho Hee Kim, Myung-Hee Park, Sung Eun Choi, Sanghee Kim, Sujeong Kim
    Nursing Ethics.2024; 31(8): 1600.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Performance of End-of-Life Care by ICU Nurses: A Descriptive Survey Study
    Gyo Seon Lim, Yang Gyeong Yoo
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(1): 47.     CrossRef
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    Seul Lee, Suyoun Hong, Sojung Park, Soojung Lim
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    Youngmi Park, Keumhee Nam, Joohee Bae
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    Jung-Whan Lee
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  • Attitudes, Perceptions, and Experiences toward End-of-Life Care Decision-Making among Intensive Care Unit Nurses in Korea : An Integrative Review
    JiYeon Choi, Youn-Jung Son, Kyounghoon Lee
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2020; 13(1): 27.     CrossRef
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    Young Eun Lee, Yu Jin Jung, Yoo Na Jang, Hyo Eun Jeong
    The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2020; 23(3): 114.     CrossRef
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    Sun Yeob Choi, Kon Hee Kim
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    Hojung Cheon, Eunha Kim
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    Eun-Jun Park, Dae Woong Ahn, Chan Sook Park
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Experiences of Families in the Intensive Care Unit: Interactions with Health Care Providers
Mimi Lee, Myungsun Yi
Korean J Adult Nurs 2017;29(1):76-86.   Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.1.76
PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to provide deep understanding of the reported experiences of families with their loved one in the intensive care unit (ICU), focusing on interactions with healthcare providers.
METHODS
The data were collected by individual interviews of eleven participants. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify major themes and sub-themes that represented the experiences of families.
RESULTS
Five themes and 13 sub-themes emerged. “Captive of patients' delayed death: Fear and anxiety” describes psychological problems arising when the family member became critically ill enough to warrant being admitted to the ICU. “Families as the weak: Suppression and resistance” describes interpersonal difficulties arisingdue to lack of information and trust with healthcare providers. “Deprivation of authority and duty as families: Helplessness” illustrate situational barriers in attempting to protect and support family member. “Re-establishment of trust relationship with healthcare providers: Gratitude and appreciation” describes how they satisfied with themselves by regaining trust relationship. Lastly, “Acceptance of reality through direct care participation: Relief and peace” illustrates peace of mind by gaining sense of reality through active direct care participation.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the positive and negative experiences of families with ICU patients. The results will be useful in developing family-centered nursing interventions.

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    Haetsal Hong, Myoungock Jang
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  • Challenges Experienced by Family Caregivers of the Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients in Korea: An Integrative Review
    JiYeon Choi, Judith A. Tate, Youn-Jung Son
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    Hye Jin Yoo, JaeLan Shim
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Pressure Ulcer Prevalence and Risk Factors at the Time of Intensive Care Unit Admission
Hye Ran Kwak, Jiyeon Kang
Korean J Adult Nurs 2015;27(3):347-357.   Published online June 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.3.347
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to assess the prevalence rate of, and the risk factors for pressure ulcers in critical patients at the time of intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
METHODS
We reviewed the electronic medical records of 2,107 patients who were admitted to the intensive care units in D university hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2012. The collected date were analyzed by chi2-test, t-test, and multi-variate logistic regression with forward stepwise selection using the SPSS program version 21.
RESULTS
The prevalence rate of pressure ulcers at the ICU admission was 23.7%. Risk factors significantly affecting pressure ulcers carrying were the age of 80 years or older (OR=3.70, 95% CI: 1.80~7.60), body weight less than 50 kg (OR=2.82, 95% CI: 1.74~4.56), sedated consciousness (OR=6.10, 95% CI: 3.57~10.40), use of ventilator (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.02~2.49), use of vasopressors (OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.09~2.14), ICU admission via operation room (OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.29~0.85), and hospital admission from nursing homes (OR=13.65, 95% CI: 3.02~61.72).
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggested that the prevention efforts for pressure ulcers should be given in prior to ICU admission. Further research is necessary for developing nursing interventions for preventing pressure ulcers in the pre-ICU stage.

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  • Differences in Associated Factors according to the Time of Occurrence of Pressure Ulcers in Intensive Care Unit Patients
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  • Factors Predicting the Interface Pressure Related to Pressure Injury in Intensive Care Unit Patients
    Ji Seon Shine, Soo Jin Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Mi Yu
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The Factors Influencing Compliance of Multidrug-resistant Organism Infection Control in Intensive Care Units Nurses
Ji Hee Kim, Kyung Hee Lim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2015;27(3):325-336.   Published online June 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.3.325
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to identify factors influencing compliance of multidrug-resistant organism infection control in intensive care units (ICU) nurses.
METHODS
Data were collected from 254 ICU nurses who were working at 6 general and advanced general hospitals in D city and G Province.
RESULTS
77.2% and 84.4% of the subjects correctly answered to questions about Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE), respectively. The scores of MRSA infection control compliance and VRE infection control compliance were 3.41 and 3.43, respectively. The factors influencing MRSA infection control compliance were empowerment, environmental safety recognition, and education satisfaction, which explained 30% of MRSA infection control compliance. The factors significantly related to VRE infection control compliance were empowerment, hospital types, environmental safety recognition, number of education sessions, and neonatal ICU, which explained 37% of VRE infection control compliance.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary to develop efficient educational programs for infection control including educational contents to improve empowerment and environmental safety recognition of nurses. Furthermore, administrative support for those infection control programs is also necessary.

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    Nam-Sook Kim, So-Eun Choi
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  • Factors Influencing Performance of MultiDrug-Resistant Organisms Infection Control in Nurses of General Hospital*
    Jeonglim Ryu, Yu Kyung Ko
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    Joung-A Shon, Jin Hee Park
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  • Factors related to the Management of MultiDrug-Resistant Organisms among Intensive Care Unit Nurses: An Application of the Health Belief Model*
    Suyoung Kim, Chiyoung Cha
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional support, gastric residual volume, and nutritional status of the intensive care unit (ICU) patients on enteral feeding.
METHODS
A descriptive longitudinal design was used to collect 5 day data on enteral nutrition of 52 ICU patients in an university hospital. Nutritional support was calculated with actual caloric intake compared to individual caloric requirement. Residual volumes were measured prior to routine feedings, and the serum albumin levels and the total lymphocyte counts were checked to evaluate nutritional status. The data were analyzed using one group repeated measures ANOVA, paired t-test, and Spearman's bivariate correlation analysis.
RESULTS
The subjects received their first enteral feeding on the 5.75th day of ICU admission. The mean nutritional support rate was 49.1% of the requirement, however prescription rate and support rate were increased as time goes by. Gastric residual volumes were less than 10 cc in 95% cases. A significant negative correlation was found between nutritional support and nutritional status.
CONCLUSION
The nutritional support for ICU patient was low compared to the requirement, and their nutritional status was worse than at the time of ICU admission. Further studies are necessary to develop nursing interventions for improving nutritional support for ICU patients.

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    Ju Yeun Kim, Ji-Myung Kim, Yuri Kim
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore and identify the role adaptation processes of family caregivers with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward.
METHODS
Using a grounded theory methodology, in-depth individual interviews were conducted. Data were collected from 11 participants. The participants were asked about their experiences of role adaptation considering situational contexts and interactional strategies. Transcribed data and field notes were analyzed using constant comparative analysis.
RESULTS
The core category was 'becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear.' The identified phenomena by the participants were the joy of being alive, having hope for a full recovery, anxiety and fear of uncertain future, feeling burdensome on a given role. The results included both role adaptation and mal-adaptation of caregivers.
CONCLUSION
The role adaptation processes of family caregiver with patients transferred from intensive care unit to general ward can be explained as becoming almost a nurse with hope and fear. The findings of the study provided fundamental information for developing programs to support the given family caregivers for successful role adaptation.

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    JuHee Lee, Young H. Sohn, Seok Jong Chung, Sung Hae Kim, Yujin Suh, Jungah Park, Yielin Kim
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Intensive Care Unit Nurse's Communication Experience
Youn Hui Won, Jiyeon Kang
Korean J Adult Nurs 2014;26(3):352-361.   Published online June 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2014.26.3.352
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the communication experience of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in the workplace.
METHODS
The present study utilized a qualitative approach using focus group interview method. A total of three focus groups of 15 ICU nurses from two university hospitals were formed. The conversations during the focus group interviews were recorded and analyzed through Colaizzi's phenomenological method.
RESULTS
As a result of analyzing participants' conversation, Five theme clusters were elicited, namely, "one-way communication", "differences in the position of senior and junior nurses", "communication crisis", "beginning of understanding", and "movement toward change" out of 15 themes and 138 significant sentences.
CONCLUSION
ICU nurses report having experienced communication crisis because of the one-way communication of the ICU nursing environment and the hierarchical differences in junior and senior nurses' position. Systematic education and continuous training on communication skills need to be provided to improve interpersonal relationship among nurses and work environment in the ICUs.

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    Jin Young Hong, Sue Kyung Sohn
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    Hee Mo Yang, Seon Young Hwang
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2016; 28(1): 95.     CrossRef
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Development and Application of the Sleeve-type Restraints for Intensive Care Unit Patients
Hyun Young Ko, Jiyeon Kang
Korean J Adult Nurs 2013;25(6):665-678.   Published online December 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2012.24.6.665
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop sleeve-type restraints and to compare the sleeve-type and conventional wrist restraints.
METHODS
Forty four pairs of intensive care unit (ICU) patients and their families participated in the experiment. The nurses applied sleeve-type restraints to the patients in the experimental group, and wrist restraints to the control group. The trained research assistant measured ROMs, skin temperature, edema, and skin lesions of both upper extremities (UEs) before, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the restraints applied. The emotional response of family was measured 72 hours after the restraints applied. Thirty one ICU nurses evaluated the efficiency of both types of restraints.
RESULTS
Compared to the control group, changes of ROMs, edema, and skin abrasions on both U/Es of the experimental group indicated a significant difference in physical side effects. The emotional response scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The mean efficiency scores for the sleeve-type restraints were significantly higher than those for the wrist restraints.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that the sleeve-type restraints are better than wrist restraints with respect to physical side effects, emotional responses of family members, and application efficiency.

Citations

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  • Factors Influencing Nursing Practice for Physical Restraints among Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit
    Da Eun Kim, Hye Sook Min
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(3): 62.     CrossRef
  • Perceptions and Intention of Nurses in Using Physical Restraints for Dementia Patients in Geriatric Hospitals
    Hyunju Lee, Kye Ha Kim
    Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 159.     CrossRef
  • Development and Application of Glove Type Restraints for Elderly Patients in Nursing Care Facilities: A Pilot Study
    Kisook Kim, Nanju Park
    Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 107.     CrossRef
  • Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards
    So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(5): 3293.     CrossRef
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Nutritional Intake and Timing of Initial Enteral Nutrition in Intensive Care Patients: A Pilot Study
Hyunjung Kim
Korean J Adult Nurs 2013;25(4):444-453.   Published online August 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2013.25.4.444
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to describe the differences between early and delayed enteral nutrition on nutritional intake.
METHODS
A pilot cohort study was conducted with 45 critically ill adult patients who had a primary medical diagnosis. Energy prescribed and received were collected during the four days after initiation of enteral nutrition. Adequate feeding was defined as the energy intake more than 90% of required energy.
RESULTS
A total of 23 patients (52%) were received early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours of admission). Energy intake of early enteral nutrition was less than intake of delayed enteral nutrition during the four days of the study. Although the difference on day one was significantly greater than the differences on day two, the differences on day two were not different from days three or four. No statistical differences in the adequacy of nutritional intake were found between patients in the early and the delayed group.
CONCLUSION
In critically ill patients receiving early enteral nutrition, more aggressive administration from the beginning will improve the nutritional intake. Additional studies including a large multi-centre, randomized clinical trial are recommended.

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  • A Case Report about Diarrhea of Soeumin Caused by Tube Feeding Treated with Korean Medicinal Treatment
    Jeong-been Ha, Su-jung Lee, Jae-hwan Lew
    The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2020; 41(2): 150.     CrossRef
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Perceptions of Family Care-givers toward Use of Physical Restraints: An Application of Q-methodology
Eun Ja Yeun, Jeong Hwa An, Jung A Kim, Mi Soon Jeon
Korean J Adult Nurs 2013;25(3):344-355.   Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2013.25.3.344
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify on the perceptions of family care-givers toward use of physical restraints according to their values, beliefs, and perceptions using Q methodology.
METHODS
Thirty-three family care-givers classified 41 selected Q-statements into 9 points standard. The obtained data were analyzed by using a pc QUANL program.
RESULTS
Principal component analysis identified 4types of the perceptions of family care-givers toward the use of physical restraints. Type I is 'Rational accepted', which means that they perceived the restraints are essential therapeutic devices and had cooperative attitude to use of medical staffs' restraints. Type II is 'Sardonic sensibility', which means that they have a negative and a cynical attitude to use of physical restraints. Type III is 'Ambivalent', which means that they have conflicts between rationality and emotion, and type IV is 'Practical claim of a right', which means they insist that patients and their family members must be provided with a detailed explanation regarding the application of physical restraints.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggest that perceptions toward the use of physical restraints among family care-givers should be understood for patients' safety and dignity in medical circumstance. Based on the results, this study will be useful in developing the customized nursing intervention for supporting family care-givers' subjectivity considering the Korean context.

Citations

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  • Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards
    So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(5): 3293.     CrossRef
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Emotional Response of ICU Patients Family toward Physical Restraints
Jiyeon Kang, Eun Nam Lee, Eun Young Park, Youngock Lee, Mi Mi Lee
Korean J Adult Nurs 2013;25(2):148-156.   Published online April 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2013.25.2.148
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the emotional response of family members of physically restrained patients in the intensive care units (ICUs).
METHODS
The study subjects were 200 family members of ICU patients who had been on physical restraints in two university hospitals. Data were collected using the "Instrument of family's emotional response toward physically restrained patients".
RESULTS
The mean score of familial emotional response was 2.69 out of a possible 5. The subcategory of acceptance was the highest with 3.56 points followed by depression (3.02), helplessness (2.94), anxiety (2.87), shock (2.74), avoidance (2.64), and grudge (2.08). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that the age of family members, side effects of restraints, and information provision were the variables influencing on negative emotional response of family.
CONCLUSION
Family members showed slightly negative emotional response toward the physical restraints. This finding could be influenced by their limited knowledge of the need for the restraints. Educational programs or fact sheets to be given to family members may be helpful.

Citations

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  • The Conditions for Ethical Application of Restraints
    Parker Crutchfield, Tyler S. Gibb, Michael J. Redinger, Daniel Ferman, John Livingstone
    Chest.2019; 155(3): 617.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Caregiver's Perception of Restraints
    Hye-kyung Kang
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(5): 452.     CrossRef
  • Perceptions and Intention of Nurses in Using Physical Restraints for Dementia Patients in Geriatric Hospitals
    Hyunju Lee, Kye Ha Kim
    Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 159.     CrossRef
  • Evidence-Based Practice Guideline: Changing the Practice of Physical Restraint Use in Acute Care
    Helen W. Lach, Kathy M. Leach, Howard K. Butcher
    Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2016; 42(2): 17.     CrossRef
  • Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards
    So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(5): 3293.     CrossRef
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  • 5 Crossref
  • 2 Scopus

Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effects of Simulation Training for New Graduate Critical Care Nurses on Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Performance Ability of Emergency Situations at Intensive Care Unit
Sunju Chang, Eunok Kwon, Young Ok Kwon, Hee Kyoung Kwon
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2010;22(4):375-383.   Published online August 31, 2010
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine if simulation training affects new graduate critical care nurses' knowledge, self-efficacy, and performance ability in emergency situations. METHODS: Forty new graduate critical care nurses were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. The experimental group had didactic with simulation. The control group received only didactic without simulation about emergency situations. The data were collected before and after the training interventions. An independent t-test used for difference among variables. RESULTS: There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups or any differences on data collected knowledge, self-efficacy and performance ability. Following the training, there were significant performance ability scores (p<.001) among the nurses receiving didactic with simulation. There were no significant difference between the two groups relative to knowledge scores (p=.117), or the self-efficacy scores (p=.100). CONCLUSION: This study showed that simulation training for new graduate critical care nurses is useful to improve performance ability on emergency situations. Hence, providing simulation training to critical care nurses during an orientation period would improve quality of critical care nursing and help the new graduates nurse's adaptation.
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Original Articles
Effects of Infection Control Strategies for Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci in Intensive Care Units
Kyung Ok Choi, Nam Cho Kim
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2009;21(4):435-445.   Published online August 31, 2009
PURPOSE
This study was to examine whether VRE infection control strategies have an effect on the decrease in incidence rates for VRE acquisition and VRE nosocomial infection in ICU.
METHODS
All the patients were examined for VRE carriers on ICU admission. Among them, patients hospitalized for over 48 hours were investigated for VRE acquisition rates and VRE nosocomial infection rate using VRE infection control strategies in ICU for the experimental group from September 2007 to April 2008. Before that, incidence of VRE acquisition and VRE nosocomial infection for the control group without Intervention were investigated from May to August 2007 retrospectively.
RESULTS
VRE acquisition rate in clinical specimens was 0.6% in the experimental group, that was significantly lower when compared to the control group. VRE carrier rate at admission to ICU was 15.4%. Out of 182 VRE carriers, 180 patients were identified by the active surveillance culture.
CONCLUSION
These results suggested that active surveillance culture at admission was considered to be an essential measure for detection of VRE carrier. But without strict isolation and adherence rating after each intervention, hand washing and contact isolation alone did not significantly decrease VRE nosocomial infection, although it did significantly decrease incidence of VRE acquired from clinical specimen.
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Experiences of Admission for Critically Ill Patients in ICU
Jin Hyang Yang
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2008;20(1):149-162.   Published online February 29, 2008
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to understand the meanings and nature of ICU admission experienced among patients with critical illness. The present study adopted a hermeneutic phenomenological method which was developed by van Manen.
METHODS
The participants for this study were 6 men and 3 women, who were over the age of 20 with ICU admission period more than 3 days. Data were collected by using in-depth interviews and observations from March, 2007 to September, 2007. The contents of the interviews were tape-recorded with the consent of the subject.
RESULTS
The essential themes that fit into the context of the 4 existential grounds of body, time, space and other people were as follows: a body that cannot react the way it wants, a wave of fear and insecurity everywhere, a struggle to survive, coming out from death's door, loss of time path, a long and continued waiting until escaping, more of machinery room than a patient's room, existence of life and death, an abyss of suffering seen thru another patient, taken care of by a doctor, trust and distrust, family, the ultimate safe zone.
CONCLUSION
Critically ill patients in ICU experienced feelings of discomfort, unsafety, and insecurity. The result of this study can give nurses some insight into these experiences and help promote empathetic care.
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Characteristics of Nursing Performance based on the Expertise among ICU Nurses
Myung Sun Yi, Sang Eun Oh, Mi Ran Eom, Hyun Sook Kim, Kyoul Ja Cho, Jung Sook Choi, Kyung Sook Lee
J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2002;14(2):296-305.   Published online June 30, 2002
PURPOSE
The purpose of this research was to describe how nurses in intensive care units (ICU) work.
METHOD
A total of 18 ICU nurses participated in the research. The data was collected through individual in-depth interviews and analyzed by grounded theory method using NUDIST 4.0 software program.
RESULTS
Three different patterns regarding nursing performance among ICU nurses were identified. These are 1) nursing performance of nurses who perform excellently, 2) nursing performance of nurses who do not perform well because of their lack of experience, and 3) nursing performance of nurses who do not perform well in spite of their good years of experience. These three different nursing performances were described in terms of seven different categories; 1) assessing and monitoring nursing problems, 2) clinical decision making, 3) interpersonal relationships, 4) holistic care, 5) technical skills, 6) problem solving, 7) working independently and creatively. This study also identified two intervening factors that influenced the advancement of their expertise.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study might help nurse managers in developing continuing educational programs for inexperienced nurses or those nurses not performing well to become experts by a deeper understanding of the nature of nursing performance and the factors that influence nursing performance in ICU settings.
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