Purpose
This study investigated the associations of awareness of blood pressure or blood sugar levels and subjective body weight perception with weight loss attempts in overweight and obese adults. Methods For this cross-sectional, descriptive, survey-based study, data were obtained from the 2021 Community Health Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The participants (N=6,571) were adult residents (≥19 years old) of northern Gyeonggi Province in Korea with body mass indexes of 23 kg/m² or greater. Results The average age of the participants was 53.11±16.56 years, with a range of 19 to 100 years. Among the participants, 73.2% responded that they had tried to maintain or lose weight in the past year. The prevalence of weight loss attempts was higher among participants with certain demographic characteristics-women (who comprised 39.2% of the study sample), younger individuals, and those with higher education levels-than among their counterparts. Conclusion Participants who were aware of their blood pressure or blood sugar levels and those with a perception of normal or obese body weight were more likely to attempt weight control than participants without these characteristics. Therefore, encouraging individuals to become aware of their blood pressure or blood sugar levels and to maintain an accurate perception of body weight may motivate them to attempt weight management.

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the revised Korean version of the Nurses' Ethical Behaviors for Protecting Patient's Rights Scale (NEBPPRS-K25).
Methods
The participants in this study consisted of 311 nurses employed at university hospitals located in D, S, or U cities. Data were collected from July 1 to August 31, 2022. The collected data were analyzed utilizing SPSS and AMOS version 28.0.
Results
The statistical analysis led to the exclusion of three items from the original version, resulting in five subscales encompassing a total of 25 items. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated satisfactory model fit indices (normed χ² =2.56, p<.001, RMR=.05, RMSEA=.07, GFI=.84, CFI=.86, TLI=.85, IFI=.87). The items' convergent and discriminant validity were verified using confirmed through the extracted mean variance (.54~.65) and composite reliability (.78~.90). The Cronbach's ⍺ value for the overall NEBPPRS-K instrument was .89, while the Cronbach's ⍺ value for each individual subscale ranged from .66 to .85.
Conclusion
The NEBPPRS-K25 is a valid and reliable scale, making it suitable for widespread use in measuring nurses' ethical behaviors to safeguard patient rights.

Citations

• Psychometric evaluation of the Vietnamese version of nurses’ ethical behaviors for protecting patient rights scale (V-NEBPPRS): a methodological study
  Ninh Do Thi, Gunjeong Lee, Dian Susmarini
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of Ethical Competence Self-assessment Tool for Korean Physical Therapists
  JiYeon Cheon, MyungChul Kim, HaeIn Kim, Hyunsuk Kim
  The Open Public Health Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the revised Korean version of the Chronic Hepatitis B Self-Management Scale-K16 (CHBSMS-K16). Methods Using the convenience sampling method, the data of chronic hepatitis B patients (N=200) were collected from August to October 2021. The participants were recruited from two hospitals in D metropolitan city and 3 internet cafes for hepatitis patients. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS programs. The content, structure, item-convergent/discriminant, and convergent validities and internal consistency were evaluated. Results Based on the statistical analysis, 9 items from the original version were excluded-resulting in 4 subscales with a total of 16 items. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated adequate model fit indices. The items convergence and discrimination validity were verified using extracted mean variance (.46~.65) and composition reliability (.81~.88). The convergent validity was satisfactory, as demonstrated by its correlation with the New General Self Efficacy scale (r=.63, p<.001). The Cronbach’s α for the overall scale was .88, and that of the four subscales ranged from .63 to .74. Conclusion The CHBSMS-K16 is a valid and reliable instrument. Therefore, this tool can be used to measure the level of self-management of Korean patients with chronic hepatitis B. Additionally, this scale can be used in clinical settings as well as in educational and research settings.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop the Osteoporosis Self-Care Scale (OSCS-13) and verify its validity and reliability. Methods The subjects were 445 patients with osteoporosis who visited the hospital. They were randomly assigned into two groups as follows: 220 patients for exploratory factor analysis and 225 patients for confirmatory factor analysis. The OSCS-13’s construct validity, convergent-discriminant validity, structure validity, group validity, consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Results This study examined four factors and 13 items scored on a 5-point likert scale. The confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate model fit indices (Minimum/Degree of Freedom [CMIN/DF]=1.70, Root Mean Residual [RMR] =.03, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA]=.06, Comparative Fit Index [CFI]=.97, Tucker-Lewis Index [TNI]=.96, Incremental Fit Index [IFI]=.97). Convergent-discriminative validity and convergent validity were demonstrated using measures of defining issue. Internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s α of .65~.92 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of .65~.80. Conclusion The OSCS-13 is a valid and reliable instrument. Hence, it is expected that this tool can be used to measure the level of self-care for patients with osteoporosis.

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the Korean revised version of the Self-Care Behaviors Scale’s (SCBS-K19) validity and reliability.
Methods
The data of 203 rheumatoid arthritis patients at a university hospital in D metropolitan city in South Korea were collected from July to August 2020, using a convivence sampling method. The SCBS-K19 was analyzed utilizing SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The SCBS-K19’s content validity, structure validity, item-convergent/discriminant validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency and reliability were evaluated.
Results
Among the items in original version, the items with a ceiling or floor effect of 30% or more were deleted, thus, resulting in a revised version with five sub-areas and 19 questions. The confirmatory factor analysis’ results showed adequate model fit indices (c2/df=2.29, GFI=.85, RMR=.06, RMSEA=.08, CFI=.91, TLI=.89, IFI=.91). The items’ convergence and discrimination validity were verified using the extracted mean variance (.52~.66) and composition reliability (.80~.90). The convergent validity was satisfactory as shown by its correlation with the Self-as Carer Inventory (SCI) (r=.60, p<.001). The Cronbach’s ⍺ for the overall scale was .88, and that of five subscales ranged from .77 to .90.
Conclusion
The SCBS-K19 is a valid and reliable instrument. Therefore it is expected that this tool can be used to measure the level of self-care in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Citations

• The Turkish version of the self-care behaviors scale for rheumatoid arthritis patients: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation
  Öznur Erbay Dallı, Seda Pehlivan, Salim Mısırcı, Nilhan Toyer Şahin, Yavuz Pehlivan
  BMC Health Services Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness of warning signs of stroke and identify the risk factors influencing such awareness among diabetics with hypertension who are at a high risk for stroke.
METHODS
Data from the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey were used. A total of 15,536 adults older than 30 years diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, χ2 test, and logistic regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0 program.
RESULTS
Among the five warning signs of stroke, “sudden trouble in speaking or understanding” (79.0%) was the most commonly identified one and “sudden severe headache with an unknown cause” (65.2%) was the least. Only 48.8% participants identified all five warning signs and 11.8% could not identify any of them. In the logistic regression model, the risk of unawareness of warning signs of stroke was significantly higher among those aged 30~49 years and 70 years or older, with a lower educational level, without a spouse, and with a heavy alcohol consumption and current smoking status.
CONCLUSION
The level of awareness of warning signs was low in hypertensive diabetic adults. To improve awareness of warning signs of stroke, a customized educational program should be provided to hypertensive diabetic adults considering the risk factors relevant to unawareness of warning signs of stroke. The education on warning signs of stroke can potentially lead to a reduction in morbidity in the survivors.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Participation in Hypertension Management Education Among Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients in Busan: Utilizing the 2021 Community Health Survey
  Hye Jung Jun, Kyoung Mi Kim
  Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 424.     CrossRef
• Capsular warning syndrome and its clinical awareness and therapeutic approach: two case reports and a systematic review of the literature
  Hector R. Martínez, Jose A. Figueroa-Sanchez, Carlos A. Arreola-Aldape, Jose Alberto Moran Guerrero, Ana Luisa Trujillo-Bracho, Alejandro Cantú López
  Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Comparison of Stroke Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Stroke Prevention Behavior between Early and Middle-Aged Adults
  Eun Ko
  STRESS.2022; 30(2): 98.     CrossRef
• Blood Pressure Awareness and Knowledge of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases in South Korean Women with Hypertension
  Yeo Won Jeong
  Healthcare.2021; 9(3): 360.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Residence in Underserved Emergency Medical Services Areas on Awareness of Myocardial Infarction Symptoms in Korea
  Mirae Jo, Heeyoung Oh, Suk-Yong Jang
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(1): 8.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the factors influencing attitude toward one's own aging among Korean middle-aged adults and the elderly.
METHODS
A cross sectional study was performed with a total sample of 70 middle-aged adults and 64 elderly reside in two metropolitan areas. Data were collected from August 2015 to November 2015 using the Perceived Health Status Scale, the Health Locus of Control Scale and the Attitude Toward own Aging (ATOA) Scale. The statistics used include percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression.
RESULTS
Mean age for each age group were about 52 and 76 years old for middle-aged adults and the elderly respectively. A considerable proportion of all participants reported a negative attitude toward aging. Perceived health status was the common factor influencing attitude toward one's own aging in both age groups. Middle-aged adults identified presence of chronic illness and internal health locus of control as important factors. In contrast, the elderly reported that education and others-dependent health locus of control such as powerful others had a significant impact on ATOA. Each regression model explained 31% and 55% of the total variance of ATOA among middle-aged adults and among the elderly.
CONCLUSION
Both middle-aged adults and the elderly with low perceived health status are at risk of negative ATOA's. The type health locus of control need to be identified and utilized based on individuals' tendency to improve positive ATOA. That is, middle-aged adults might need reinforcement of their self-will whereas the elderly might need enhancement of social support and network of family and healthcare providers.

Citations

• Combatting ageism in the Western Pacific region
  Liat Ayalon, Senjooti Roy
  The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific.2023; 35: 100593.     CrossRef
• Effects of Health Status, Depression, Gerotranscendence, Self-Efficacy, and Social Support on Healthy Aging in the Older Adults with Chronic Diseases
  Hee-Kyung Kim, Jeong-Hyo Seo
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(13): 7930.     CrossRef
• Effects of Cognicise-Neurofeedback on Health Locus of Control, Depression, and Quantitative Electroencephalography Alpha Asymmetry in Elderly Women
  Heewook Weon, Jieun Yoo, Jumhwa Yu, Miso Park, Haekyoung Son
  Brain Sciences.2021; 11(7): 899.     CrossRef
• “Better be dead than grow older:” A qualitative study on subjective aging among older Koreans
  Eun Young Choi, Sung Hyun Ko, Yuri Jang
  Journal of Aging Studies.2021; 59: 100974.     CrossRef
• Negative attitudes toward aging mediated the association between HIV status and depression among older people in mainland china
  Sitong Luo, Xue Yang, Zixin Wang, Pei Qin, Hui Jiang, Xi Chen, Jianmei He, Bishan Huang, Joseph Tak-fai Lau
  Journal of Affective Disorders.2020; 277: 1005.     CrossRef
• Influence of the Perception of Aging Symptoms as a Mediator and Moderator on the Relationship between Family Function and Stress in Middle-Aged Adults
  Hyun-E Yeom, Kyoung Ok Ju
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(2): 175.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purposes of this secondary analysis study was to examine prevalence, risk factors and unmet healthcare needs among adults with hypertension.
METHODS
A sample of 3,386 adults over the age of 40 with hypertension were drawn from the Korea Health Panel Study (2013). Using SPSS 22.0 version, descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, chi-square and logistic regression were performed.
RESULTS
Results showed that 18.9% of the sample reported unmet healthcare needs with the most frequently cited one was financial burdens (43.2%). The reported experiences of unmet healthcare needs differed by gender, marital status, vision or hearing impairment, memory problem, impaired mobility, subjective health status, total family income, depressive episode and the difficulty in making decisions. The sample participants were more likely to report unmet healthcare if they had vision impairment, low income and perception that their health status as moderate to poor. Those without vision impairment were less likely to report unmet healthcare needs.
CONCLUSION
The identified risk factors of unmet healthcare needs should be addressed which would enhance access both to health care and to resolution of unmet healthcare needs. Since visual ability seems to impact perception of unmet healthcare needs, it may be useful to find ways to address this factor.

Citations

• Regional disparities in health literacy for chronic diseases: focusing on healthcare resources and local extinction index
  Seokmin Ji, Young Gyu Kwon, Hyunseo Lee, Chaehwan Shin, Minsung Sohn, Mankyu Choi
  Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Identifying the Group Vulnerable to Unmet Medical Needs Due to Food Security: According to Children in the Household
  Min-Soo Kim, Hyeon-Ji Lee, Jae-Hyun Kim
  Healthcare.2023; 11(3): 423.     CrossRef
• Factors related to undiagnosed diabetes in Korean adults: a secondary data analysis
  Bohyun Kim
  Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2023; 25(4): 295.     CrossRef
• Unmet Healthcare Needs and Related Factors Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Secondary Analysis of 2019 Korea Community Health Survey Data
  SookKyoung Park, Hye Young Kim, Young-Me Lee
  INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this secondary data analysis study was to compare what factors influenced individual's satisfaction with emergency medical services (EMS).
METHODS
Data were obtained from the Korea Health Panel Survey 2013 with 20,641 participants. A total sample of emergency room (ER) users (n=1,709) aged 20 and over were selected and divided into two age groups, one for 1,046 adults and the other for 663 elderly. Participants' responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ² test and logistic regression.
RESULTS
Among adults and elderly who were transferred to other hospitals instead of being admitted or returned to their homes reported less satisfaction (χ²=10.18, p=.006). Further, the adults who perceived their arrival to the ER as not delayed (χ²=3.74, p=.049) or visited the ER for treatment for illness (χ²=5.32, p=.021) reported more satisfaction than those who perceived their ER service being delayed or visited the ER for accident or poisoning. The elderly who visited ER by non-ambulance reported higher satisfaction than those who arrived by ambulance (χ²=14.15, p < .001).
CONCLUSION
In both adults and the elderly, satisfaction of EMS can be increased by avoiding transferring patients to other hospital. For adults to be satisfied with EMS, efficient and rapid EMS might be needed to avoid delay in ER arrival, especially for adults with accidents or poisoning.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Satisfaction with Medical Institutions according to Health Condition and Medical Use Condition of Single Elderly Households in Rural Areas: Using the Results of Survey on Rural Well-being 2021
  Min U Lee, Gi Chun Seo, Eun-Jung Hong
  The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2023; 34(3): 457.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify registered nurses learning needs about physical assessment. Specifically, what are the perceived competency, frequency of skill use and the unmet training needs.
METHODS
The study was an exploratory survey study. The sample was 104 registered nurses. Data were collected through three instruments: The Perceived Competency in Physical Assessment Scale, the Frequency of Physical Assessment Scale, and the Training Needs of Physical Assessment Scale which incorporated 30 core physical assessment skills. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Auscultation of heart and lung sounds and inspection of the spine were rated by the subjects as physical assessment skills they feel least competent and also were less frequently performed. The most competent area for physical assessment was neurological system. The respiratory and abdominal system was identified as two systems that more education would be needed. Nurses with less than one year of working experience reported needing more training. Nurses with more than five years of clinical work experience performed physical assessment more frequently than nurses with less than five year of work experience. The perceived competency was positively related to the frequency of physical assessment.
CONCLUSION
Continuing education is necessary to further train registered nurses regarding physical assessment skills and the program needs to be focused on the area which nurses are less competent for and have high training need.