PURPOSE
This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to investigate the variables related to burden of caregivers of people with dementia living at home.
METHODS
In total, 24 studies were identified through a systematic review and 11 studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. EMBASE, MEDLINE (Ovid-MEDLINE, Pubmed) and several Korean databases were searched until April 2018. ‘R 3.5.1’ version was used to analyze the correlated effect sizes.
RESULTS
According to the results, variables related to caregivers' burden were categorized into factors related to patients and factors related to family caregivers. The effect sizes of correlations between factors associated with patients and caregivers' burden were as follows: problematic behavior & cognition (memory) (.42), problematic behavior (.37), cognition (memory) (.35), stage of dementia (.31), and ability to perform daily life functions (−.27). Factors associated with family caregivers correlated with caregiver burden as follows: health status (−.40), relation (.33), education (.25), time of caring (.24), income (−.21), age (.20), job (−.17), duration of caring (.15), and religion (.14).
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings, family caregiver needs to preferentialy try to manage problematic behavior & cognition (memory) of dementia and health professionals need to provide comprehensive nursing interventions to improve health for patients with dementia but also family caregivers.

Citations

• Exploring Family Caregiver Burden Using the Ecological Model: Insights From Thailand's Older Population
  Phanida Juntasopeepun, Donna Z. Bliss, Jirawan Deeluea, Jittawadee Rhiantong
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Allocation‐routing problem in a multi‐hospital home hospitalization system: the case of a healthcare provider in Portugal
  Valentina Bonomi, Maria Lopes, Daniel Rebelo Santos, Renata Mansini, Ana Paula Barbosa‐Pòvoa
  International Transactions in Operational Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors influencing the care burden among family caregivers using dementia care centers for older adults with dementia in Korea: a cross-sectional descriptive study
  Ja Eun Kim, Soo Jin Lee
  Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2024; 26(4): 382.     CrossRef
• Resilience of Family Caregivers of People With Dementia in South Korea: A Scoping Review
  Hyun‐Ju Seo, Song‐I Park, Min‐Jung Choi, Il‐Han Choo, Jeong‐Hwan Park
  International Journal of Older People Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Mason Caregivers Aiming for Resilience, Empowerment, and Support Study: Assessing Family Caregiver Burden Post-Intervention
  Gilbert Gimm, Shannon Layman, Megumi Inoue, Emily S. Ihara, Harveen Pantleay, Catherine J. Tompkins
  Journal of Applied Gerontology.2024; 43(9): 1274.     CrossRef
• The Relationships between Caregiver Burden, Physical Frailty, Race, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms (BPSD), and Other Associated Variables: An Exploratory Study
  Carl I. Cohen, Saeed Hashem, Kay Thwe Kyaw, Sharon A. Brangman, Suzanne Fields, Bruce R. Troen, Michael Reinhardt
  Medicina.2024; 60(3): 426.     CrossRef
• Exploring Factors Influencing Caregiver Burden: A Systematic Review of Family Caregivers of Older Adults with Chronic Illness in Local Communities
  Jin Young Choi, Seon Heui Lee, Soyoung Yu
  Healthcare.2024; 12(10): 1002.     CrossRef
• CBD Oil as a Miracle Drug: A Thematic Analysis of Caregivers’ Attitudes and Practices Towards Cannabidiol in Dementia Treatment
  Urszula Kłosińska, Magdalena Leszko
  Journal of Drug Issues.2024; 54(1): 38.     CrossRef
• The Lived Experience of Informal Caregivers of People Who Have Severe Mental Illness and Coexisting Long‐Term Conditions: A Qualitative Study
  C. Carswell, J. V. E. Brown, D. Shiers, R. Ajjan, A. Balogun‐Katung, S. Bellass, R. I. G. Holt, R. Jacobs, I. Kellar, C. Lewisohn, J. Lister, N. Siddiqi, I. Sidorova, P. Coventry
  Health Expectations.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors related to depression in primary caregivers of older adults with dementia in the COVID-19 pandemic era: A cross-sectional descriptive study
  Su-In Kim, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(4): 420.     CrossRef
• The impact of aromatherapy-based oral care on oral conditions, salivary pH, and halitosis in older adults with dementia: Pilot study
  Ae Kyung Chang, Bo kyoung Kim, Ah Young Kim
  Geriatric Nursing.2023; 53: 109.     CrossRef
• Factors related to the organizational silence of Korean nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Kyungja Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 302.     CrossRef
• Perceptions of Burden and Preparedness for Caregiving among the Family Caregivers of Hospitalised Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Carla Gomes da Rocha, Béatrice Perrenoud, Anne-Sylvie Ramelet
  Geriatrics.2022; 7(1): 19.     CrossRef
• Health Promotion Behavior among Older Korean Family Caregivers of People with Dementia
  Aram Cho, Chiyoung Cha
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(8): 4123.     CrossRef
• Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and family caregiver burden: a path analysis
  Bokyoung Kim, Gie Ok Noh, Kyunghee Kim
  BMC Geriatrics.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A systematic review of interventions for family caregivers of the elderly with dementia in Korea
  Seonghee Jeong, Jeonghae Hwang, Doonam Oh
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2021; 27(3): 306.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Dementia Knowledge and Attitude on Caregiving Appraisal among Caregivers of Older Adults with Dementia Using Dementia Care Centers
  Ji Yeon Hong, Dukyoo Jung
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2020; 22(4): 348.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Caring Burden and Caring Behavior among Family Caregivers of Elderly with Dementia in Community-Dwelling: Mediating Effects of Caring Self-Efficacy and Social Support
  Young Ju Oh, Myung Ha Lee, Hee Sun Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(2): 186.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study aimed to compare the effects of hand massage with the preferred aroma oil to those of hand massage with lavender oil on stress and sleep in residents at a long-term care facility.
METHODS
A group randomized controlled design was used. Of the 37 participants, 19 were assigned to the experimental group(hand massage with the preferred aroma oil) and 18 to the control group(hand massage with lavender oil). Data collection was performed from Nov. 26 2016 to Jan. 27 2017. Hand massage was offered for 5 minutes each side 3 times a week for a total of 12 sessions over 4 weeks. Stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and sleep was measured using the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale.
RESULTS
Subjects in the experimental group showed significantly lower stress levels (physical stress, t=−2.10, p=.048; psychological stress, t=−4.41, p<.001) and sleep (t=3.37, p=.002) than those in the control group.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that aromatherapy with hand massage should consider client aroma preference for elderly at long-term care facilities in the future.

Citations

• Effects of Non-Pharmacological Sleep Interventions in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Hye-Ja Gu, Oi-Sun Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(4): 3101.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Lavender on Sleep Quality in Individuals Without Insomnia
  Tzu-Ying Chen, Akiko Hiyama, Masumi Muramatsu, Atsuko Hinotsu
  Holistic Nursing Practice.2022; 36(4): 223.     CrossRef
• The effect of lavender on stress in individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Tina Ghavami, Mohsen Kazeminia, Fatemeh Rajati
  Complementary Therapies in Medicine.2022; 68: 102832.     CrossRef
• The effect of aromatherapy hand massage on distress and sleep quality in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial
  Dilek Efe Arslan, Nazan Kılıç Akça
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2020; 39: 101136.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was a meta-analysis of the effects of exercise intervention in preventing falls among persons with arthritis.
METHODS
The review consisted of searches from Pubmed, Ovid-MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and Korean DBs using PICO-SD format. Key words for searching included ‘arthritis’, ‘exercise’, ‘fall’ and the articles published until January 2017 were selected for this study. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. Data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.3 program of Cochrane Library.
RESULTS
Nineteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 832 participants. There were significant differences in Tai Chi exercise (ES=0.76), exercise interventions performed over 60 minutes at one time (ES=0.98), exercise interventions provided once a week (ES=0.69) or 2~3 times a week (ES=0.65), exercise interventions provided for a total of 12 weeks or less (ES=0.86). The outcome measures such as balance (ES=0.66), fall efficacy (ES=0.70), and fear of falling (ES=−0.70) showed the significant difference, and their effect sizes were ranged from moderate to large.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study show that the exercise intervention is effective to prevent fall in persons with arthritis. It is necessary to include the comprehensive exercise interventions to enhance balance and fall efficacy and reduce fear of falling for the fall prevention program in persons with arthritis.

Citations

• Effects of Nurse-Led Intervention Programs Based on Goal Attainment Theory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Bom-Mi Park
  Healthcare.2021; 9(6): 699.     CrossRef
• Motivation for adopting fall prevention measures: a literature review searching for technology acceptance factors
  Jan Aidemark, Linda Askenäs
  Procedia Computer Science.2018; 138: 3.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of laughter therapy on depression and sleep among patients at two long-term care (LTC) hospitals.
METHODS
Forty-two residents from two LTC hospitals participated in this study. Twenty-one residents at one LTC hospital received the laugher therapy treatment and 21 at the other LTC hospital received no treatment as a comparison group. The laugher therapy protocol consisted of singing funny songs, laughing for diversion, stretching, playing with hands and dance routines, laughing exercises, healthy clapping, and laughing aloud. The participants engaged in the protocol 40 minutes twice a week (Monday/Thursday) for a total of eight sessions held in the patients' lounge.
RESULTS
Findings showed that depression and sleep improved in the treatment group compared to the comparison group (t=-7.12, p < .001; Z=-4.16, p < .001).
CONCLUSION
To improve depression and sleep among patients at LTC hospitals, offering laughter therapy strengthening physical activities might be beneficial to patients.

Citations

• Impact of Laughter Yoga on Test Anxiety and Education Stress of 8th Grade Students: An Experimental Study
  Bilge Kalanlar, Nilgün Kuru Alıcı
  Creative Nursing.2024; 30(4): 280.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Laughter Therapy, Music Listening and Diary Keeping Given to Pregnant Women on Mental Health and Maternal Attachment Levels in Postpartum Period
  Sibel Kıyak, Deniz Koçoğlu-tanyer
  Sağlık Bilimlerinde Değer.2024; 14(3): 425.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of yoga and laughter yoga in improving psychological resilience of mothers with babies hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit
  Zerrin Çiğdem, Emine Sarikamiş Kale, Tuba Koç Özkan
  Journal of Health Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Effect of Laughter Therapy/Yoga on Physical and Mental Health: A Review of Nursing Graduate Theses
  Özkan UĞUZ
  Kastamonu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi.2023; 2(3): 148.     CrossRef
• Effect of Laughter Yoga on Sleep and Quality of Life in Individuals With Fecal Ostomies
  Deniz Harputlu, Fatma Özlem Öztürk, Durucan Aydın, Cihangir Akyol, Ayfer Tezel
  Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing.2023; 50(4): 307.     CrossRef
• The influence of laughter yoga on pregnancy symptoms, mental well-being, and prenatal attachment: A randomized controlled study
  Safiye Ağapınar Şahin, Mine Bekar
  Health Care for Women International.2023; 44(6): 782.     CrossRef
• Ebelik Uygulamalarına Tamamlayıcı Bir Yaklaşım: Duygu Dilinin Evrensel İfadesi, Kahkaha Yogası
  Safiye AĞAPINAR ŞAHİN, Mine BEKAR
  Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi.2022; 12(1): 49.     CrossRef
• Non-pharmacological Approaches to Depressed Elderly With No or Mild Cognitive Impairment in Long-Term Care Facilities. A Systematic Review of the Literature
  Carla Gramaglia, Eleonora Gattoni, Debora Marangon, Diego Concina, Elena Grossini, Carmela Rinaldi, Massimiliano Panella, Patrizia Zeppegno
  Frontiers in Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of laughter yoga on hemodialysis patients’ plasma-beta endorphin levels, pain levels and sleep quality: A randomized controlled trial
  Zülfünaz Özer, Sebahat Ateş
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2021; 43: 101382.     CrossRef
• GELENEKSEL VE TAMAMLAYICI TIP UYGULAMALARININ GÜLEN YÜZÜ: KAHKAHA YOGASI
  Zülfünaz ÖZER, Sebahat AKBAL ATEŞ
  Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A systematic review of the effect of laughter yoga on physical function and psychosocial outcomes in older adults
  Nilgün Kuru Alici, Ayse Arikan Dönmez
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2020; 41: 101252.     CrossRef
• Systematic Review of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index used for Measuring Sleep Quality among Adults with Trauma Experiences
  Go-Un Kim, Ju Hee Lee
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(4): 337.     CrossRef
• Systematic Review on the Relationship between Depressive Symptoms and Activities of Daily Living in Cognitively Intact Older Adults
  Myoungjin Kwon, Sun-Ae Kim, Kawoun Seo
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(1): 1.     CrossRef
• EFFECT OF LAUGHTER THERAPY ON DEPRESSION LEVEL IN ELDERLY IN A NURSING HOME, NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA
  Rinco Siregar, Rumondang Gultom
  Belitung Nursing Journal.2019; 5(6): 246.     CrossRef
• Prescribing laughter to increase well-being in healthy adults: An exploratory mixed methods feasibility study of the Laughie
  Freda N. Gonot-Schoupinsky, Gulcan Garip
  European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2019; 26: 56.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was designed to investigate whether there were differences among three oral care protocols on participants' oral health status (oral status, dry mouth, halitosis, saliva pH, microorganism growth in oral cavity) and tooth stain. The three protocols were: 1) oral solution of 4% normal saline, 2) 0.1% Chlorhexidine and 3) Tantum.
METHODS
A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was utilized. A total of 55 elderly patients residing at long-term care facilities(19 in the 4% normal saline group, 17 in the 0.1% Chlorhexidine group, 19 in the Tantum group) received oral care daily for four weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program.
RESULTS
The halitosis (χ²=10.71, p=.005) and saliva pH (χ²=6.84, p=.033) scores were significantly improved after the oral care with 4% normal saline.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that if elderly patients in long-term care facilities have complaint of the discomfort of using Chlorhexidine or Tantum, 4% normal saline is as effective at the other two. This can also be cost effective as there were no differences among the protocols in oral status, dry mouth, tooth stain or microorganism growth in oral cavity.

Citations

• Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Lespedeza cuneata Extract Against Periodontal Pathogens and Human Gingival Cells: A Novel Option for Periodontal Therapy
  Hyo-Ju Yoon, Gyoo-Cheon Kim, Seoul-Hee Nam
  Applied Sciences.2024; 15(1): 190.     CrossRef
• The impact of aromatherapy-based oral care on oral conditions, salivary pH, and halitosis in older adults with dementia: Pilot study
  Ae Kyung Chang, Bo kyoung Kim, Ah Young Kim
  Geriatric Nursing.2023; 53: 109.     CrossRef
• Comparison of the effects of two oral cares on thirst and oral status following nasal surgery: Oral swab versus non-swab using cold water gauze
  Anna Gu, Mi Yu, Youngjin Kim, Suyeon Park, Kyunghee Baek, Taehee Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(3): 317.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide data about the risk factors related to falls among elderly patients with dementia using meta-analysis.
METHODS
Key words used for search through electronic database (CINAHL, PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, RISS, KISS, DBPIA, National Assembly Library) included ‘ dementia’, ‘ Alzheimer’, ‘ fall’. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis and ‘ R’ version 3.2.2 was used to analyze the correlated effect size.
RESULTS
Study results showed that risk factors related to falls were identified as the demographic (age, gender, education), dementia-related (disease duration, cognition), physical (body mass index, walking, balance, activity of daily living, use of walking aids, number of medications including psychotropic drugs, musculoskeletal problems, parkinsonism, comorbidity), psychological (neuropsychiatric symptom, depression), environmental (Physical environment), and fall-related (fall history, high risk group of fall) factors. The effect size of risk factors such as high risk group of fall (r=.35), use of walking aids (r=.33), depression (r=.31), psychotropic drugs (r=.27), Musculoskeletal problems (r=.25) were higher than the other risk factors.
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of this study, strategies to improve elderly patient's depression, intensive care for high risk group of fall, and adequate training with walking aids are needed for prevention of falls in elderly patients with dementia

Citations

• Development and Effects of a Person-Centered Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults with Dementia in Long-Term Care Hospitals: For Older Adults with Dementia and Caregivers in Long-Term Care Hospitals
  Jeong Ok Lim, Mee Ock Gu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(3): 341.     CrossRef
• Understanding and Prevention of Fall-related Injuries in Older Adults in South Korea: A Systematic Review
  Ki-taek Lim, Ji-eun Lee, Ha-eun Park, Su-young Park, Woochol Joseph Choi
  Physical Therapy Korea.2019; 26(2): 34.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data about agitation in patients with dementia by surveying the literature.
METHODS
Key words used for search through hand-search and electronic database (CINHAL, Pubmed, Google scholar, Riss, Kiss, DBpia) included 'dementia', 'Alzheimer disease', 'agitation', 'aggression or aggressive behavior', 'problem or disruptive behavior', and 'abnormal behavior.' Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria for the Meta-analysis and 'R' version 3.2.2 was used to analyze the correlated effect size.
RESULTS
Study results showed that variables related to agitation were identified as the demographic (age, gender), dementia-related (cognition, medication uses), physical (Activity of Daily Living [ADL], pain), psychological (depression, psychotic symptom, caregiver burden) and environmental (psychosocial environment) factors. The effect size between the correlated variables and agitation were low to moderate (caregiver burden .36; ADL -.24; psychotic symptom and depression .21; pain .19; cognition -.15; medication uses .12; and psychosocial environment -.12).
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of this study, strategies to improve patients' depressive and psychotic symptoms and ADL and to reduce caregivers' burden are needed for prevention and management of agitation in patients with dementia.