Purpose This study examined the relationships of health literacy, physical activity, and grip strength with self-care compliance in older male patients with chronic heart failure. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive was conducted, and 106 older male outpatients with chronic HF were recruited from a veterans’ hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from February 7, 2022 to April 10, 2022 using a self-reported questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results The average age of the participants was 76.3±4.5 years, and the average time elapsed since the heart failure diagnosis was 3.22±2.01 years. The mean self-care compliance score was 42.21±6.03 out of 60 points.
In the univariate analysis, grip strength was not significantly correlated with self-care compliance. The hierarchical regression analysis indicated that health literacy (β=.33, p<.001), physical activity (β=.32, p=.001), and alcohol drinking (β=-.28, p=.001) had statistically significant effects on self-care compliance, collectively explaining 34% of the variance (adjusted R2 =.34, F=12.00, p<.001). Conclusion The study highlights the necessity of periodically assessing and considering health literacy and the level of physical activity when developing educational strategies to promote self-care compliance among older male patients with heart failure in outpatient nursing practice.
Purpose This study aims to confirm the influence of type D personality and health literacy on resilience of patients hospitalized for Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), and provide basic information for improving resilience as a post-discharge strategy to promote self-care among patients with chronic diseases.
Methods A questionnaire-based survey was carried out in this cross-sectional study. The subjects were 142 patients who were being treated at a tertiary general hospital for CVDs such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Data were collected from July to October 2022 using a structured questionnaire, and then analyzed using the SPSS program version 26.0.
Results 75.3% of the study subjects (n=107) had type D personalities, and the average health literacy and resilience scores were 48.96±9.13 points and 68.27±13.02 points, respectively, indicating relatively low grades. Following a hierarchical regression analysis, low monthly income (β=-.62, p<.001), current smokers (β=-.23, p=.010), patients with type D personality (β=-.24, p=.001), and patients with low health literacy (β=.27, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of resilience (Adjusted R2=.57, F=14.32, p<.001).
Conclusion In order to increase the resilience of patients hospitalized for CVD, it is necessary to identify and take into account smokers with low socioeconomic status, poor health literacy, and type D personality. We advise doing a follow-up study to ascertain if the resilience of patients hospitalized for CVD influences post-discharge self-care and clinical outcomes.
Purpose This study aimed to determine the impact of health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Korean patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Methods A cross-sectional design was used, and a total of 189 participants were enrolled. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and patient medical records between September and November of 2021. Health literacy, self-efficacy, social support, and HRQoL were measured. The HRQoL was measured using the 12-item Short Form Survey, which included Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results The findings revealed statistically significant differences in the PCS according to gender, presence of hypertension, exercise, and sleep state. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences in the MCS according to disease period and stress management. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that higher social support was a significant factor of better PCS (p<.005). Higher health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support were significant factors of better MCS (p<.005). Conclusion Nurses should play a key role in providing social support to ACS patients, particularly to female patients and patients with hypertension and poor sleep state and no regular exercise for better PCS. Also, nurses should think about how to promote health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support for better MCS, particularly in ACS patients who had undergone PCI, had longer diagnosis periods, and had no stress management.
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Purpose This study aimed to identify subjective health status and specific self-efficacy, and their mediating effects on the relationship between health literacy and self-care behavior in stomach cancer patients following gastrectomy. Methods A descriptive survey design was used. Data were collected from 131 gastric cancer patients between 17 February and 10 September, 2020 at a cancer center in Gyeonggi-Do. The participants responded to a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the bootstrapping method with SPSS/WIN 25.0 and PROCESS macro program. Results The mean score for self-care behavior was 66.78±8.36. Self-care behavior was significantly associated with health literacy, subjective health status, and specific self-efficacy. The mediating effect of specific self-efficacy on the impact of health literacy on self-care behavior was confirmed. Conclusion The impact of health literacy on self-care behavior was mediated by specific self-efficacy in stomach cancer patients following gastrectomy. Further, the results suggest that specific self-efficacy needs to be considered in developing nursing interventions to enhance health literacy and improve self-care behavior for stomach cancer patients after gastrectomy.
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Purpose This study aimed to identify how health literacy in patients with stroke and their family caregivers influences their health behavior.
Methods: A total of 95 patient-family caregiver dyads were recruited from March to September 2018. Health literacy was measured using the newest vital sign and the health behavior scale was used to identify the health behavior of patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression.
Results: The mean age of patients with stroke and family caregivers was 69.44±8.25 and 54.01±14.42 years, respectively. The proportion of women in the family caregivers was 72.6%. The average health literacy score of patients with stroke and their family caregivers was 2.26±1.75 and 3.03±1.97, respectively. The multiple regression analysis revealed that patients’ interest in health (p<.001), health literacy (p=.037), age (p=.001), and caregivers’ gender (p=.028) were the significant factors influencing health behavior of patients with stroke.
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PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of health belief on the disease-related knowledge, eHealth literacy, and self-care behavior of hypertension patients. eHealth is an emerging field of medical informatics, referring to the organization and delivery of health services and information using the internet and related technologies. METHODS A total of 156 patients who were receiving treatment for hypertension at the best internal medicine clinic in Busan City participated in the study. Data collection was conducted from May 22, to June 30, 2019. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and three-step mediated regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0. RESULTS Significant positive correlations were observed between disease-related knowledge and eHealth literacy (r=.19, p=.016), disease-related knowledge and health belief (r=.32, p<.001), disease-related knowledge and self-care behavior (r=.16, p=.046), eHealth literacy and health belief (r=.17, p=.034), and health belief and self-care behavior (r=.27, p=.001). Health belief had a mediating effect (z=−2.47, p=.013) on the correlation between disease-related knowledge and self-care behavior. CONCLUSION To improve self-care behavior among hypertension patients, medical practitioners need to develop interventions that enhance health belief.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the health literacy and self-care activities of elderly diabetes patients and identify the effects of mediation of resilience in the relationship between them. METHODS A structured self-report questionnaire measuring health literacy, resilience and self-care activities was completed by 145 elderly people aged 65 years or older, who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Pusan National University hospital in Busan city, and who visited the outpatient clinic for endocrinology. Data collection was conducted from February 10, 2017 to March 31, 2017, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. RESULTS The subjects' health literacy and resilience (r=.19, p=.023), health literacy and self-care activities (r=.26, p=.001), resilience and self-care activities (r=.39, p < .001) were significantly correlated. Resilience completely mediated in the relationship between health literacy and self-care activities (z=2.37, p=.017). CONCLUSION Resilience plays a mediating role in the association among health literacy and self-care activities. It is necessary to develop a variety of intervention programs that can improve resilience in increasing self-care activities.
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PURPOSE The aim of this study was to identify levels of health literacy and reported health behaviors among older adults with cardio-cerebrovascular disease residing in rural areas. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 134 older people (mean age=75.5 years, 71.6% Female) registered at seven health centers. The structured questionnaires were used to measure levels of health literacy and health behaviors. RESULTS The average functional health literacy score was 6.08±3.04, and the health behavior score was 62.92±6.45. Respectively health behavior was positively associated with health literacy. Education, economic status, number of family members, number of social activities and health literacy were contribution factors explaining 40.64% of the variance in health behavior. Health literacy specifically explained 12.5% of health behavior. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that strategies for improving health behaviors and reducing health inequalities may benefit from adopting a stronger focus on health literacy within prevention, patient education, and other public health interventions. Further longitudinal studies are needed to help confirm that improving health literacy in the elderly may be effective in changing health behaviors.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate health literacy, diabetic knowledge, and diabetic self-care among foreign diabetic patients at a hospital in South Korea. METHODS Participants was 134 foreign patients diagnosed with diabetes and who understand English. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS Health literacy significantly differed with HbA1c levels, whereas diabetic knowledge significantly differed with education levels, and time since diagnosed. Diabetic self-care significantly differed with time since the diagnosis. Health literacy significantly differed with diabetic knowledge and diabetic self-care. There was a correlation between health literacy and diabetic knowledge and between diabetic knowledge and diabetic self-care but not between health literacy and diabetic self-care. CONCLUSION There are significant results on health literacy, diabetic knowledge and diabetic self-care. Subject with adequate health literacy had high scores on diabetic knowledge and self-care.
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