Purpose
This study evaluated the impact of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on depression, perceived health, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in community-dwelling adults.
Methods
Data from 9,778 adults who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2014 and 2016 were analyzed. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD EPI) equation. Depression was defined as a score of at least 10 points on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The HRQOL was measured using the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D). The effects of CKD on depression were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, and the effects on perceived health and HRQOL were analyzed using multivariate ordered logistic regression.
Results
The prevalence of CKD was 3.7%. Among the adults with CKD, 13.1% had depression, 42.9% perceived their health to be bad, and their HRQOL was significantly lower than that of their non-CKD counterparts. The odds ratio for depression in patients with CKD was 1.66 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.10~2.52, p=.017) and that of perceived bad or fair health was 1.80 (95% CI=1.35~2.40, p<.001). The likelihood of lower HRQOL in CKD patients was 1.44 times higher than in the non-CKD patients (95% CI=1.09~1.90, p=.010).
Conclusion
The prevalence of psychological problems in CKD patients was higher than in non-CKD patients. The results suggest the importance of comprehensive intervention for patients with CKD. Policies are needed to help assess and manage patients with CKD who are experiencing emotional problems.

Citations

• Influence of Depression on Health Behavior (Daily Smoking, Binge Drinking, Walking, Skipping Breakfast) among Korean Adults: Based on the KNHANES
  Su Yeon Jeong
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2024; 49(4): 325.     CrossRef
• Regional Differences in Medical Costs of Chronic Kidney Disease in the South Korean Population: Marginalized Two-Part Model
  Minah Park, Choa Yun, Jae Hong Joo, Soo Hyun Kang, Sung Hoon Jeong, Chung-Mo Nam, Eun-Cheol Park, Yoondae Han, Sung In Jang
  JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.2023; 9: e39904.     CrossRef
• Good subjective health status and health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: A secondary analysis using the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey in 2019 and 2020
  Jena Lee, Yujin Suh
  Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2023; 34: 255.     CrossRef
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  Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(4): 279.     CrossRef
• Association of Blood Heavy Metal Levels and Renal Function in Korean Adults
  Yoonjin Park, Su-Jung Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(11): 6646.     CrossRef