Purpose
The purpose of the study was to describe andropause-related difficulties experienced by men. Methods: Two focus group interviews were conducted to collect the data from 10 Participants with andropause-related difficulties experienced. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: We organized the responses concerning andropause symptoms into five essential categories: 1) uncontrollable physical changes, 2) intellectual decline, 3) changes in sexual function, 4) difficulties in controlling emotions, and 5) separation from society. The attempts to alleviate andropause were classified into seven distinct categories: 1) dietary modifications, 2) engaging in physical activities, 3) pursuing leisure and hobbies, 4) enhancing self-esteem and self-perception, 5) seeking support and comprehension from one's social circle, 6) utilizing informational resources concerning andropause, and 7) embracing and accepting andropause reality. Conclusion: We analyzed the issues arising from andropause and the corresponding efforts to address them. A comprehensive understanding of andropause's causes, mechanisms, effective nursing interventions, and essential development of management programs, including education, is imperative.

Purpose
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between andropause syndrome and health-related quality of life, as well as the mediation effect of family bond among middle-aged males in South Korea. Methods A total of 135 middle-aged males who live in B, K, and U City participated in the study, conducted from March 10 to May 31, 2021. Participants were invited to complete self-reported questionnaires measuring andropause syndrome, health-related Quality of Life (QoL), family bond, and demographic information. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression and a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval (5,000 bootstrap resampling). Results The QoL of middle-aged males in South Korea showed a significant negative correlation with andropause syndrome (r=-.32, p<.001), and a significant positive correlation with family bond (r=.59, p<.001). Futher, family bond had a mediating effect between andropause syndrome and QoL (indirect effect=-4.07, 95% Boot confidence interval=-6.53~-1.97). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, in order to improve the QoL of middle-aged males in South Korea, it is necessary to provide programs that can improve family bond along with physical and mental intervention programs to effectively alleviate andropause syndrome.

Citations

• A comprehensive analysis of research trends on andropause among middle-aged South Korean men
  Young Hwa Lee, Sun Jung Park, Hyun Ji Kim, Bock Soon Park, Hyo Yeol Jang, Ha Na Cho, Young Sook Lim
  International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES.2023; 10(6): 129.     CrossRef