PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to describe the degrees of body image, self esteem and Health Related Quality Of Life (HRQOL), and to identify factors related to these variables in patients with Crohn's disease.
METHODS
A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used. The 148 participants were the patients with Crohn's disease, recruited conveniently from one metropolitan hospital located in Seoul, Korea. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN program.
RESULTS
Patients with severe illness activity reported significantly lower body images than those of the others. Education levels and working states affected self-esteem positively, while the number of operations and illness activity affected self-esteem negatively. Hospitalization and illness activity affected HRQOL negatively. Body image, self esteem, and HRQOL were positively correlated to each other with statistical significance. Illness activity was a common factor to affect body image, self esteem, and HRQOL. Body image was an influential factor on HRQOL as well as illness activity in patients with Crohn's disease.
CONCLUSION
As a result, this study suggested a necessity for developing an intervention study to lower the illness activity and heighten the body image among the patients with Crohn's disease.

Citations

• The Mediating Effects of Symptom Experiences on the Relationship between Body Image and Quality of Life among Hemodialysis Patients in a Single Center
  Yaki Yang
  Healthcare.2024; 12(17): 1779.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Pre-Conception Care Program in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mixed-Methods Study Including a Randomized Controlled Trial
  Young Jin Lee, Hae Won Kim, Yeon Hee Kim, Suk-Kyun Yang, Ji-Yeon Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 386.     CrossRef
• Influence of Resilience and Social Support on Body Image of Patients in an Acute Stage Following Traffic Accidents
  Jihye Shin, Jieun Cha
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2021; 28(2): 156.     CrossRef
• Body image, self-esteem, and quality of life in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease in a tertiary hospital in South Korea
  Da Jeong Kum, Kyung-Sook Bang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(2): 181.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to describe the risk of dysphagia among older adults in senior centers and to find the relationships between the risk of dysphagia and dysphagia-specific quality of life.
METHODS
The participants were 260 community-dwelling older adults, aged 65 years in two senior centers. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires or face to face interviews. The instruments were the modified dysphagia risk assessment scale for elderly and dysphagia-specific quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using t-test, chi2-test, logistic regression, and pearson's correlation.
RESULTS
162 older adults (62.3%) were classified as having the risk of dysphagia. Severe dry mouth (OR=15.677, CI=2.986~82.297), neurologic disease (OR=10.125, CI=1.092~93.899), gastritis (OR=5.731, CI=1.482~22.173), denture discomfort (OR=2.969, CI=1.016~8.677), teeth discomfort (OR=2.61, CI=1.311~5.196) were the significant factors predicting the risk of dysphagia. There is a significant correlation between the risk of dysphagia and dysphagia-specific quality of life.
CONCLUSION
Dysphagia could be a major health problem among community dwelling older adults. It can affect the dysphagia-specific quality of life. Older adults having severe dry mouth, neurologic disease, or gastritis should receive dysphagia risk assessment and proper management on a regular basis. An effective nursing intervention needs to be developed for the older adults with risk factors of dysphagia.

Citations

• Dysphagia and quality of life: a narrative review
  Jung Mi Song
  Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.2024; 16(2): 43.     CrossRef
• Oral Health-Related Factors Associated with Dysphagia Risk among Older, Healthy, Community-Dwelling Korean Adults: A Pilot Study
  Da-Som Lee, Hee-Eun Kim, Jun-Seon Choi
  Healthcare.2024; 12(2): 267.     CrossRef
• Depression and Dysphagia-Specific Quality of Life in Patients Who Have Undergone Esophageal Cancer Surgery
  Jun-An Jeong, Yeon-Hwan Park
  Journal of the Korean Dysphagia Society.2024; 14(1): 41.     CrossRef
• The Review of Interventions to Improve the Swallowing Function in the Elderly
  Na-Yeon Tak, Hanna Gu, Hyoung-Joo Kim, Jun-Yeong Kwon, Hee-Jung Lim
  Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2023; 23(2): 69.     CrossRef
• A qualitative research on the needs for oral care according to the subjective oral health status of the elderly
  
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of dental hygienist knowledge of dysphagia and preventive attitudes on educational needs for oral health in the older adults
  
  Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Chief Complaints of Swallowing Problems in Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults
  Han Kyeol Kim, Ja Young Kim, Soomin Kim, Ga-Young Kim, Nam-Bin Cho, Seok In Nam, Heecheon You, HyangHee Kim
  Communication Sciences & Disorders.2021; 26(2): 463.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors of Dysphagia Among Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged Women
  Young Hee Lee, Dukyoo Jung, Ok Jong Yun, Hyesoon Lee, Minkyung Lee
  Gastroenterology Nursing.2020; 43(2): 164.     CrossRef
• The Effects of the Oral Care Program for Improving Swallowing Function of the Elderly Using Welfare Centers on Depression, Self Efficacy, Subjective Oral Health Status and Swallowing related Quality of Life
  Gi Ran Lee, Doo Ree Kim, Hyo Nam Lim, Kyung Hee Kang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(2): 166.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Orofacial Myofunctional Training on the Changes of Lip and Tongue Strength in Elderly People
  Seol-Hee Kim, Min-Ju Kim, Seung-Hyun Lee, Bo-Wha Choi, Yae-Jee Heo
  Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2019; 19(4): 279.     CrossRef
• Importance and Performance of Nutrition Management for In-Patients with Dysphagia Perceived by Dietitians at Clinical Settings in Seoul and Gyeonggi Areas
  Kyung-Eun Lee, Dasom Kim
  Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2019; 29(5): 421.     CrossRef
• Nutrition Care Management Practices for In-Patients with Dysphagia in Korean Clinical Settings
  Dasom Kim, Kyung-Eun Lee
  Clinical Nutrition Research.2019; 8(4): 272.     CrossRef
• Comparative Analysis of Cognitive and Physical Function according to Dysphagia of Aged Patients in Geriatric Hospitals
  Jin Su Kim, Jeong Soo Kim
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2019; 21(3): 190.     CrossRef
• Socio-demographic factors and diet-related characteristics of community-dwelling elderly individuals with dysphagia risk in South Korea
  Youngsuk Lim, Chorong Kim, Haeryun Park, Sooyoun Kwon, Oksun Kim, Heeyoung Kim, Youngmi Lee
  Nutrition Research and Practice.2018; 12(5): 406.     CrossRef
• Content Validity of the Swallowing Monitoring and Assessment Protocol for the Elderly
  HyangHee Kim, Ga-Young Kim, Hyun-Joung Lee
  Communication Sciences & Disorders.2018; 23(4): 1042.     CrossRef
• Prevalence and influencing factors of dysphagia in elderly patients
  Hyo-Jin Son, Yu-Mi Park, Sun-Young Yim, Yu-Ri Heo, Mee-Kyoung Son
  Oral Biology Research.2018; 42(4): 208.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to validate the Korean version of shortened Nursing Decision-Making Instrument developed by Lauri & Salantera(2002).
METHODS
The subjects were 247 nurses working in eight hospitals of Korea. Data were collected by questionnaires from June to July, 2012 and were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis for construct validity and Cronbach's . coefficient for reliability.
RESULTS
Factor loadings of the four subscales ranged from .32 to .73. The explained variance from the four factors was 48.54% of the total variance. The factors were named 'implementation of plan, monitoring and evaluation', 'plans of action', 'data collection', and 'data processing and identification'. The first factor consisted of 6 items which explained 13.21% of the total variance and the second factor contained 8 items. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the four subscales were from .64 to .81.
CONCLUSION
The Korean version of the shortened Nursing Decision-Making Instrument has satisfactory construct validity and reliability. However, that the scores of the analytic items weren't reversed unlike the analysis method of the original tools is the biggest limitation of this study. In addition, based on the fact that there were several discrepancies for item interpretation of Korean comparing to the findings of the instrument development study, repetitive researches would be suggested.

Citations

• Development of a Korean clinical decision-making ability scale for hospital nurses
  Sunyoung Oh, Minkyung Gu, Sohyune Sok
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Nursing Decision-Making Instrument Into European Portuguese
  Ivo Cristiano Soares Paiva, Teresa Margarida Almeida Neves, Filipa Isabel Quaresma Santos Ventura, António Carlos Lopes Vilela, Isabel Maria Pinheiro Borges Moreira
  SAGE Open Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Communication training program for nurses caring for patients with aphasia: a quasi-experimental study
  Yujin Hur, Younhee Kang
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Work climate from the perspective of nurses: qualitative research
  Justyna Kosydar-Bochenek, Sabina Krupa, Tomasz Semań, Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska
  Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A Concept Analysis of Nurses’ Clinical Decision Making: Implications for Korea
  Sunyoung Oh, Minkyung Gu, Sohyune Sok
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(6): 3596.     CrossRef
• Canonical correlations between individual self-efficacy/organizational bottom-up approach and perceived barriers to reporting medication errors: a multicenter study
  Myoung Soo Kim, Chul-Hoon Kim
  BMC Health Services Research.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was aimed to identify NANDA-NOC-NIC linkage in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
METHODS
This study was a descriptive study conducted in three steps. First, nursing diagnoses were identified from the electronic nursing records. Second, content validity of nursing diagnoses and outcomes were evaluated. Third, major nursing interventions associated with expected nursing outcomes were collected from 97 nurses who worked in the oncology unit. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS
Four major nursing diagnoses were identified: acute pain, knowledge deficit, health seeking behaviors, and ineffective protection. Associated with each respective diagnosis, 3 major outcomes (pain level, pain control, and comfort state) for acute pain, 8 major nursing outcomes (diet, disease process, treatment regimen, illness, ostomy care, prescribed activity, health behavior, and infection management) for knowledge deficit, 4 major outcomes (health promoting behavior, health promotion, health belief, and knowledge: health resource) for health seeking behaviors, and 3 major outcomes (fatigue level, immune status, and nutritional status) for ineffective protection were identified. In addition, nursing interventions frequently used in clinical practice for each major nursing outcome were identified.
CONCLUSION
The identified NANDA-NOC-NIC linkage can contribute to improving the applications of nursing process and care plans.

Citations

• Identification of North American Nursing Diagnosis Association—Nursing Interventions Classification—Nursing Outcomes Classification of nursing home residents using on‐time data by android smartphone application by registered nurses
  Juh Hyun Shin, Sun Ok Jung, Jee Sun Lee
  International Journal of Nursing Knowledge.2024; 35(1): 46.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Nursing Interventions using Standardized Nursing Terminologies: An Integrative Review
  Sena Chae, Hyunkyoung Oh, Sue Moorhead
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2020; 42(11): 963.     CrossRef
• Identification of Nursing Diagnosis–Outcome–Intervention Linkages for Inpatients in the Obstetrics Department Nursing Unit in South Korea
  Min Ji Yang, Hye Young Kim, Eun Ko, Hyun Kyung Kim
  International Journal of Nursing Knowledge.2019; 30(1): 12.     CrossRef
• The Network Analysis of Nursing Diagnoses for Children Admitted in Pediatric Units Determined by Nursing Students
  Mikyung Moon
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2017; 42(3): 223.     CrossRef
• Identification of Nursing Diagnosis-Outcome-Intervention Linkages for Inpatients in Gynecology Department Nursing Units
  Min Ji Yang, Hye Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2016; 22(3): 170.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was to test the effects of the positional change on low back pain, discomfort, and bleeding complications during the period of bed rest following transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).
METHODS
The research design for this study was a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design. The participants were 23 patients for the experimental group, and 23 patients for the control group. The experimental group received positional change of taking the semi-Fowler's position and the 30-degree lateral position alternatively during the period of bed rest after TACE for 4 hours at one-hour intervals. The control group maintained the supine position continuously during the period of bed rest after TACE.
RESULTS
There were statistically significant differences in low back pain and discomfort between the experimental and the control group after intervention. And no significant difference was found in bleeding complication between two groups.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study suggest that the positional change is an effective nursing intervention to reduce low back pain and discomfort without increasing the risk of bleeding after TACE.

Citations

• The effect of position change on vital signs, back pain and vascular complications following percutaneous coronary intervention
  Selda Mert Boğa, Seher Deniz Öztekin
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2019; 28(7-8): 1135.     CrossRef
• The Factors of Pain and Pain Management after Transarterial Chemoembolization in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
  Se Na Jung, Je In Seon, Kwang Sung Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(2): 107.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Position Change on Discomfort and Bleeding after Liver Biopsy
  Mi-Jeong Yun, Hye Sook Min
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(2): 233.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study investigated the level of adherence to vestibular rehabilitation exercise program(VREP) and evaluated how health belief model (HBM) variables are related with adherence to VREP in patients with dizziness.
METHODS
The data were collected from 150 individuals, who agreed to participate in the study between December, 2012 and May, 2013. Adherence to VREP, severity of dizziness, health belief variables (health belief scale) and self-efficacy (self-efficacy scale) were measured.
RESULTS
The result of this study showed poor adherence to VREP. The mean adherence score to VREP was 2.11+/-1.05 (1-5). In multivariate analysis, severity of dizziness (p<.001), taking sedative medication (p<.001), high self-efficacy (p<.001), high perceived seriousness (p=.019) & benefit (p=.036) were independent predicting factors explaining 57.7% of adherence to VREP.
CONCLUSION
Adherence to VREP was poor among these patients. To improve the patient's adherence to VREP, strategies to increase perceived seriousness, benefit, or self-efficacy and to decrease barriers are urgently needed.

Citations

• Barriers and Facilitators of Vestibular Rehabilitation: Patients and Physiotherapists’ Perspectives
  Liran Kalderon, Azriel Kaplan, Amit Wolfovitz, Shelly Levy-Tzedek*, Yoav Gimmon*
  Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy.2024; 48(3): 140.     CrossRef
• Review on Physical Therapy for Patients with Vestibular Disorder
  Yong Hyun Kwon, Yu Min Ko
  The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy.2017; 29(6): 316.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Self-efficacy Promoting Vestibular Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Vestibular Hypofunction
  Hyun Jung Lee, Smi Choi-Kwon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(5): 710.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to examine the relationships among pain belief, perceived social support, coping strategies, and quality of life of people with noncongenital spinal cord injury and to identify factors influencing quality of life.
METHODS
A correlational predictive design was used. The data were collected from 197 people with noncongenital spinal cord injury with questionnaires in 2012 in Korea. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 18.0.
RESULTS
Pain belief, perceived social support, and coping strategies were correlated significantly with the quality of life. As a result of stepwise multiple regression analysis, pain belief, perceived social support, coping strategies, damaged area, and time since injury were discovered to account for 59.1% variance of the quality of life. The variable that most affected the quality of life was pain belief followed by perceived social support and coping strategies.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study clearly demonstrate the importance of pain control, social support, and coping skills in order to improve quality of life among people with noncongenital spinal cord injury.

Citations

• Quality of Life in Middle-aged Men with Prostatic hyperplasia: A Structural Equation Model
  Hee Nam Moon, Seung Hee Yang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(4): 327.     CrossRef
• Access and engagement with places in the community, and the quality of life among people with spinal cord damage
  Ali Lakhani, Sanjoti Parekh, David P. Watling, Peter Grimbeek, Ross Duncan, Susan Charlifue, Elizabeth Kendall
  The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine.2022; 45(4): 522.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was to identify relationships between the levels of perceived stress, cancer-related knowledge, attitude and prevention behaviors, and to explore factors influencing cancer prevention behaviors of adult women in Korea.
METHODS
This study was a descriptive research, using a cross-sectional survey. A convenience sample of 314 women aged 20 to 64 was selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure perceived stress, cancer-related knowledge, cancer-related attitude, and cancer prevention behaviors. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program.
RESULTS
Cancer-related knowledge significantly differed according to age, marital status, education level, and occupation. While correlations between cancer-related knowledge, cancer-related attitude, and cancer prevention behaviors were positive, correlations between perceived stress and cancer prevention behaviors were negative. The hierarchical regression analyses revealed significant positive relations between cancer prevention behaviors and age (beta=.18, p=.003), perceived health status (beta=.22, p<.001), periodic checkup (beta=.21, p=.002), and cancer-related attitude (beta=.25, p<.001). Perceived stress on the other hand was negatively related to cancer prevention behaviors (beta=-.23, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
Interventions targeting women, especially young adults should focus on enhancing cancer-related attitude in order to improve cancer prevention behaviors. Thus, there continues to be a need to reduce perceived stress in adult women.

Citations

• Factors related to Cancer Preventive Behavior among Patients with Early Gastric Cancer who Underwent Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
  Sunghye Choo, Sanghee Kim, Yong Chan Lee, Eunsung Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2023; 23(2): 47.     CrossRef
• Structural Equation Modeling Analysis on Health Literacy and Cancer Prevention Behaviors among Medically-Underserved, Low-Income Populations
  Eun Jin Kim, Su Hyun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2021; 28(1): 83.     CrossRef
• Influence of Sleep Quality, Coffee Consumption, and Perceived Stress on the Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in Healthy Korean Adults
  Myoyoun Kim, Seon Young Hwang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(2): 125.     CrossRef
• Influence of Knowledge and Attitude of Cancer on Cancer Prevention Health Promoting Behavior in General Hospital Nurses
  SooHyeon Kim, Eun Young Park
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2018; 18(3): 163.     CrossRef
• Impacts of Colorectal Cancer Knowledge and Health Literacy on Self-management Behaviors among Elderly Women in Rural Areas
  Hyenam Hwang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2017; 29(5): 527.     CrossRef
• Health Literacy, Cancer Knowledge, and Cancer Preventive Behaviors among Rural Older Adults
  Hyenam Hwang
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2016; 16(4): 234.     CrossRef
• Knowledge, Attitude, and Preventive Health Behavior of Cancer in Middle-aged Men
  Youngrye Park, Hwee Wee
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2014; 17(2): 97.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experience of breast cancer self-help group activities in Korea.
METHODS
The data were collected via individual in-depth interviews with 8 women with breast cancer, who participated in self-help groups during 2012~2013. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed, and they were analyzed using a phenomenological method.
RESULTS
Six theme clusters were identified. "Breakthrough toward survival" describes how the participants identified self-help groups and got involved in the activities. "Genuine comfort obtained by 'misery loves company' deals with the emotional relief and catharsis. "New life fully recharged" demonstrates the changed belief system and the joy for life and living. "Rebirth in family" deals with how family dynamics has been changed. "Societal change by raising collective consciousness" illustrates many activities to improve their rights and advocate employment issues. "Obstacles to the group harmony" illustrates the major difficulties including interpersonal conflicts the participants encountered during their participation.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study showed that participating in self-help groups was mostly beneficial for women with breast cancer. Therefore, oncology professionals need to encourage them to participate in self-help groups and also need to provide professional support to self-help groups for their harmonious interpersonal relationships.

Citations

• Health-related quality of life of premenopausal young breast cancer survivors undergoing endocrine therapy
  Kyungmi Lee, Hye Suk Jun
  European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2024; 68: 102496.     CrossRef
• Experiences of peer support activities and the need for a metaverse-based program in young women with breast cancer: A qualitative study
  Jeonghee Ahn, Kyoung-eun Lee
  Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing.2023; 10(7): 100253.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Accessing Medical Services after Diagnosis in Breast Cancer Survivors
  Jae Woo Oh, Mi Ran Kim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2022; 25(1): 22.     CrossRef
• Operation Experiences of Women with Breast Cancer
  Hyeon-Young Kim, Sun Hwa Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2020; 27(2): 129.     CrossRef
• Relationships Among Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Community Participation in Breast Cancer Survivors
  Hye-Mi Kim, Gyeong-A Park, Jin-Ju Park, Myung-Hwa Oh
  Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy.2019; 27(4): 69.     CrossRef
• Journey through the Fight against Ovarian Cancer: Finding the Existence Value with being Tied to the Bridle of Death
  Young-Suk Park, Jeong Sook Park
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(6): 656.     CrossRef
• Effect of empowerment on the quality of life of the survivors of breast cancer: The moderating effect of self‐help group participation
  Sunhwa Shin, Hyojung Park
  Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2017; 14(4): 311.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Nursing Needs of Home-dwelling Breast Cancer Patients Based on Counselling Contents
  Eun Ja Kim, Jin Sook Hyun, Jung Hwa Han, Nahyun Kim
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2016; 30(3): 420.     CrossRef
• Exploring Existential Coping Resources: The Perspective of Koreans with Cancer
  Fereshteh Ahmadi, Jisung Park, Kyung Mee Kim, Nader Ahmadi
  Journal of Religion and Health.2016; 55(6): 2053.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Self-management Support among Breast Cancer Survivors
  Seok-Mo Heo, Narae Heo
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2016; 28(4): 470.     CrossRef
• Development and Validation of the Empowerment Scale for Woman with Breast Cancer
  Sun Hwa Shin, Hyojung Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(4): 613.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was a grounded theory research aimed at generating a substantive theory that accounts for the explanatory social processes in which immigrant Korean single-mother families were engaged in the United States.
METHODS
In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 immigrant Korean single mothers who were living with children under 18 years of age at the time of the interviews. Data collection guided by theoretical sampling and concurrent constant comparative analysis of the transcribed data was conducted to identify the core social process.
RESULTS
The emerged core social process was "living for the children," which represented the driving process by which these women made transition to their new lives as single-mother families. The major task throughout the entire transition was re-creating their families. The women's transition involved practical and psychological transitions. The practical transition involved three stages: assuring family survival, struggling between the father role and the mother role, and stabilizing. The psychological transition involved becoming strong and settling in with a new supportive network.
CONCLUSION
Study results added to the literature by elaborating the women's emphasis on maternal identity and the resilience-provoking nature of the women's transitions.