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Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Yang-Sook Yoo1, Miyoung Chung2, Ok-Hee Cho2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2014;26(2):129-138.
Published online: April 30, 2014

1College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul

2Department of Nursing, Sun Moon University, Asan

3College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

Corresponding author: Cho, Ok-Hee College of Nursing, Jeju National University,102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju 690-756, Korea. Tel: +82-64-754-3887, Fax: +82-64-702-2686, E-mail: ohcho@jejunu.ac.kr
• Received: July 11, 2013   • Accepted: March 26, 2014

© 2014 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis.
  • Methods
    A total 116 patients with ulcerative colitis were asked on general characteristics, illness-related characteristics, depression, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression.
  • Results
    As for depression the 81.03% were normal, the 8.62% were mild depression, the 6.90% were moderated depression, and the 3.45% were severe. As for quality of life, the social functions was highest, followed by intestine-related symptoms, systemic symptoms, and emotional functions. Quality of life was positively correlated to subjective health status, age, and body mass index, and negatively to depression. Main factors affecting the quality of life included depression, subjective health status, physician's global assessment, age, days of loss in social life, and present abdominal pain.
  • Conclusion
    Physical and psychosocial health problems related to ulcerative colitis affected the quality of life of the patients. Further research is warranted for developing educational programs and psychosocial strategies in order to efficiently handle the illness.
  • Key Words: Ulcerative colitis; Quality of life; Depression
Table 1.
Differences in Quality of Life according to the General Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)
Characteristics Categories Total Quality of life
n (%) M±SD (range) M±SD t or F (p)
Age (year) ＜30 38 (32.8) 36.4±10.9 45.58±11.62a 9.48 (＜.001)
30~39 33 (28.4) (18~68) 50.91±8.99b a＜b
≥40 45 (38.8) 54.71±7.81b
Gender Male 55 (47.4) 51.04±9.76 0.40 (.692)
Female 61 (52.6) 50.28±10.67
Religion Yes 62 (53.4) 50.82±10.16 -0.21 (.836)
No 54 (46.6) 50.43±10.36
Education ≤High school 31 (26.7) 48.90±11.04 0.20 (.842)
≥College 85 (73.3) 51.27±9.88
Economic status Low 15 (12.9) 48.00±11.80 1.47 (.234)
Middle 86 (74.2) 50.47±10.18
High 15 (12.9) 54.27±8.11
Occupation Yes 73 (62.9) 51.22±9.30 -0.80 (.427)
No 43 (37.1) 49.65±11.64
Spouse Yes 70 (60.3) 53.49±7.24 3.93 (＜.001)
No 46 (39.7) 46.30±12.42
BMI (kg/m2) ＜18.5 17 (14.7) 21.52±2.81 47.29±12.68a 5.08 (.008)
18.5~22.9 65 (56.0) (15.9~28.4) 49.20±10.01a a＜b
≥23 34 (29.3) 55.06±7.80b
Subjective health status (VAS)     6.12±1.95    
(0~10)

BMI=body mass index; VAS=visual analogue scale; a, b=Duncan's multiple test.

Table 2.
Differences in Quality of Life according to the Disease-related Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)
Characteristics Categories Total Quality of life
n (%) M±SD t or F (p)
Age at onset (year) ＜30 63 (54.3) 48.83±11.30 2.22 (.004)
30~39 37 (31.9) 52.86±7.57
≥40 16 (13.8) 52.63±10.19
Disease duration (year) ＜3 29 (25.0) 49.41±9.64 0.33 (.723)
3~5 28 (24.1) 50.54±10.17
＞5 59 (50.9) 51.29±10.60
Physician global assessment ＜2 95 (81.9) 52.29±9.67 3.95 (＜.001)
≥2 21 (18.1) 43.14±9.36
Previous bowel surgery Yes 86 (74.1) 50.15±10.70 -0.87 (.387)
No 30 (25.9) 52.03±8.66
Previous admission Yes 81 (69.8) 50.35±11.25 0.55 (.584)
No 35 (30.2) 51.31±7.36
Melena/tarry stool (last week) Yes 48 (41.4) 47.19±9.97 -1.02 (.308)
No 68 (58.6) 53.07±9.73
Present abdomen pain Yes 58 (50.0) 46.60±9.95 4.62 (＜.001)
No 58 (50.0) 54.67±8.84
Days of loss in social life (for the recent one year) ＜7 90 (77.6) 52.39±9.21 3.61 (＜.001)
≥7 26 (22.4) 44.58±11.32
Medication† Steroids
Steroids Yes 48 (41.4) 50.27±10.15 0.32 (.747)
No 68 (58.6) 50.90±10.32
Immunosuppresives Yes 47 (40.5) 52.11±9.27 -1.28 (.202)
No 69 (59.5) 49.64±10.75
5-aminosalicylic acid Yes 35 (30.2) 53.86±8.08 -2.27 (.025)
No 81 (69.8) 49.25±10.75

†Subjects may select more than one item.

Table 3.
Quality of Life and Depression of the Subjects (N=116)
Characteristics Categories n (%) or M±SD Range
Quality of life Total 5.06±1.02 1~7
Emotion 4.77±1.35 1~7
Symptom 4.91±1.09 1~7
Behavior 5.21±1.03 1~7
Social factors 5.50±1.50 1~7
Depression   9.03±7.83  
Normal 94 (81.03) 0~13
Mild depression 10 (8.62) 14~19
Moderate depression 8 (6.90) 20~28
Severe depression 4 (3.45) 29~63
Table 4.
Correlations between the Quality of Life and the Related Variables (N=116)
Variables Quality of life
r p
Depression -.61 ＜.001
Subjective health status .59 ＜.001
Age (year) .34 ＜.001
BMI (kg/m2) .25 .008

BMI=body mass index.

Table 5.
Factors Influencing Participants' Quality of Life (N=116)
Predictors Standardized β t (p)
Depression -.44 -6.70
(＜.001)
Subjective health status .26 3.81
(＜.001)
PGA -.22 -3.44
(reference: ＜2 scores)   (＜.001)
Age .19 3.15
(.002)
Days of loss in social life -.11 -1.79
(reference: ＜7 days/yr)   (.077)
Present abdomen pain -.12 -1.82
(reference: no)   (.073)
Adjusted R2=.63, F=33.37,
p＜.001

PGA=physician's global assessment.

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    Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2014;26(2):129-138.   Published online April 30, 2014
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2014.26.2.129
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    Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2014;26(2):129-138.   Published online April 30, 2014
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2014.26.2.129
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    Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
    Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

    Differences in Quality of Life according to the General Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)

    Characteristics Categories Total Quality of life
    n (%) M±SD (range) M±SD t or F (p)
    Age (year) ＜30 38 (32.8) 36.4±10.9 45.58±11.62a 9.48 (＜.001)
    30~39 33 (28.4) (18~68) 50.91±8.99b a＜b
    ≥40 45 (38.8) 54.71±7.81b
    Gender Male 55 (47.4) 51.04±9.76 0.40 (.692)
    Female 61 (52.6) 50.28±10.67
    Religion Yes 62 (53.4) 50.82±10.16 -0.21 (.836)
    No 54 (46.6) 50.43±10.36
    Education ≤High school 31 (26.7) 48.90±11.04 0.20 (.842)
    ≥College 85 (73.3) 51.27±9.88
    Economic status Low 15 (12.9) 48.00±11.80 1.47 (.234)
    Middle 86 (74.2) 50.47±10.18
    High 15 (12.9) 54.27±8.11
    Occupation Yes 73 (62.9) 51.22±9.30 -0.80 (.427)
    No 43 (37.1) 49.65±11.64
    Spouse Yes 70 (60.3) 53.49±7.24 3.93 (＜.001)
    No 46 (39.7) 46.30±12.42
    BMI (kg/m2) ＜18.5 17 (14.7) 21.52±2.81 47.29±12.68a 5.08 (.008)
    18.5~22.9 65 (56.0) (15.9~28.4) 49.20±10.01a a＜b
    ≥23 34 (29.3) 55.06±7.80b
    Subjective health status (VAS)     6.12±1.95    
    (0~10)

    BMI=body mass index; VAS=visual analogue scale; a, b=Duncan's multiple test.

    Differences in Quality of Life according to the Disease-related Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)

    Characteristics Categories Total Quality of life
    n (%) M±SD t or F (p)
    Age at onset (year) ＜30 63 (54.3) 48.83±11.30 2.22 (.004)
    30~39 37 (31.9) 52.86±7.57
    ≥40 16 (13.8) 52.63±10.19
    Disease duration (year) ＜3 29 (25.0) 49.41±9.64 0.33 (.723)
    3~5 28 (24.1) 50.54±10.17
    ＞5 59 (50.9) 51.29±10.60
    Physician global assessment ＜2 95 (81.9) 52.29±9.67 3.95 (＜.001)
    ≥2 21 (18.1) 43.14±9.36
    Previous bowel surgery Yes 86 (74.1) 50.15±10.70 -0.87 (.387)
    No 30 (25.9) 52.03±8.66
    Previous admission Yes 81 (69.8) 50.35±11.25 0.55 (.584)
    No 35 (30.2) 51.31±7.36
    Melena/tarry stool (last week) Yes 48 (41.4) 47.19±9.97 -1.02 (.308)
    No 68 (58.6) 53.07±9.73
    Present abdomen pain Yes 58 (50.0) 46.60±9.95 4.62 (＜.001)
    No 58 (50.0) 54.67±8.84
    Days of loss in social life (for the recent one year) ＜7 90 (77.6) 52.39±9.21 3.61 (＜.001)
    ≥7 26 (22.4) 44.58±11.32
    Medication† Steroids
    Steroids Yes 48 (41.4) 50.27±10.15 0.32 (.747)
    No 68 (58.6) 50.90±10.32
    Immunosuppresives Yes 47 (40.5) 52.11±9.27 -1.28 (.202)
    No 69 (59.5) 49.64±10.75
    5-aminosalicylic acid Yes 35 (30.2) 53.86±8.08 -2.27 (.025)
    No 81 (69.8) 49.25±10.75

    †Subjects may select more than one item.

    Quality of Life and Depression of the Subjects (N=116)

    Characteristics Categories n (%) or M±SD Range
    Quality of life Total 5.06±1.02 1~7
    Emotion 4.77±1.35 1~7
    Symptom 4.91±1.09 1~7
    Behavior 5.21±1.03 1~7
    Social factors 5.50±1.50 1~7
    Depression   9.03±7.83  
    Normal 94 (81.03) 0~13
    Mild depression 10 (8.62) 14~19
    Moderate depression 8 (6.90) 20~28
    Severe depression 4 (3.45) 29~63

    Correlations between the Quality of Life and the Related Variables (N=116)

    Variables Quality of life
    r p
    Depression -.61 ＜.001
    Subjective health status .59 ＜.001
    Age (year) .34 ＜.001
    BMI (kg/m2) .25 .008

    BMI=body mass index.

    Factors Influencing Participants' Quality of Life (N=116)

    Predictors Standardized β t (p)
    Depression -.44 -6.70
    (＜.001)
    Subjective health status .26 3.81
    (＜.001)
    PGA -.22 -3.44
    (reference: ＜2 scores)   (＜.001)
    Age .19 3.15
    (.002)
    Days of loss in social life -.11 -1.79
    (reference: ＜7 days/yr)   (.077)
    Present abdomen pain -.12 -1.82
    (reference: no)   (.073)
    Adjusted R2=.63, F=33.37,
    p＜.001

    PGA=physician's global assessment.
    Table 1. Differences in Quality of Life according to the General Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)

    BMI=body mass index; VAS=visual analogue scale; a, b=Duncan's multiple test.

    Table 2. Differences in Quality of Life according to the Disease-related Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)

    Subjects may select more than one item.

    Table 3. Quality of Life and Depression of the Subjects (N=116)

    Table 4. Correlations between the Quality of Life and the Related Variables (N=116)

    BMI=body mass index.

    Table 5. Factors Influencing Participants' Quality of Life (N=116)

    PGA=physician's global assessment.

    Table 1.

    Table 2.

    Table 3.

    Table 4.

    Table 5.

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