Factors associated with Hepatitis A Preventative Behaviors among University Students

Jeong-Sil Choi; Ji Woon Ko; Seungmi Park

doi:10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.127

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Factors associated with Hepatitis A Preventative Behaviors among University Students

Jeong-Sil Choi¹, Ji Woon Ko², Seungmi Park³

Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2015;27(2):127-134.
Published online: April 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.127

¹College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon

²Department of Nursing Science, Sun Moon University, Asan

³Department of Nursing Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea

Corresponding author: Park, Seungmi Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-ro, 79beon-gil, Asan 336-795, Korea. Tel: +82-41-540-9533, Fax: +82-41-540-9558, E-mail: seungmipark@hoseo.edu

• Received: August 28, 2014 • Accepted: January 20, 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify health beliefs and knowledge related to hepatitis A vaccination (HAV). Preventative behaviors related to HAV were also examined.
Methods
The convenience sample of 332 students were drawnfromauniversity in Chung-namprovince. The results were analyzedusingdescriptivesta-tistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffetest, Pearson ́ 'scorrelationcoefficient, andstepwisemultiple regressionwithSPSS for Windows 21.0 software.
Results
Vaccination rates for hepatitis A were 23.4%. The mean scores of health beliefs, knowledge andpreventative behaviors related to hepatitis Awere 2.38±0.25, 0.34±0.30, and 3.15±0.40 respectively. The factorsfoundto berelated tohepatitis Apreventativebehaviors wereHAV, havingtheHAVanti-body andhealthbeliefs.
Conclusion
An experience of HAV, having HAV anti body, and positive health beliefs related to hepatitis A may be necessary to increase voluntary hepatitis A preventive behaviors among university students. It is essential to develop the strategy of educating university students about HAV and having HAV antibody as well as reinforcing health beliefs about hepatitis A which prevent the hepatitis A occurrence.
Key Words: Hepatitis A; Vaccination; Health beliefs; Knowledge; Preventive behaviors

Table 1.

Preventive Behaviors by General Characteristics, Context of HAV Vaccination, and HAV Related Factors (N=332)

Characteristics	Categories	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	Range	Preventive behavior	t or F (p)
Characteristics	Categories	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	Range	M±SD	t or F (p)
General characteristics	Gender	Female	245 (73.8)		3.16±0.37	1.14
	Gender	Male	87 (26.2)		3.10±0.49	(.287)
	Aged in years	18 ＜	104 (31.3)		3.17±0.37	0.61
		19 ≥	228 (68.7)		3.14±0.42	(.463)
			19.49±1.52	17~26
	Major	Physical science	242 (72.9)		3.16±0.40	0.46
	Major	Non-physical science	90 (27.1)		3.12±0.39	(.500)
	Religion	Yes	136 (41.0)		3.15±0.40	0.04
	Religion	No	196 (59.0)		3.14±0.40	(.839)
	Allowance (10,000 won)	10 ＜	56 (16.9)		3.12±0.38	0.49
		10~ 20 ＜	46 (13.9)		3.10±0.44	(.741)
		20~ 30 ＜	99 (29.8)		3.19±0.38
		30~ 40 ＜	83 (25.0)		3.15±0.42
		40 ≥	48 (14.4)		3.13±0.41
	Types of residence	With family^a	207 (62.4)		3.14±0.36	3.45
		Self-boarding	93 (28.0)		3.12±0.42	(.033)
		Dormitory^b	32 (9.6)		2.99±0.55	a b ＞
	Experience of HAV vaccination	No	254 (76.5)		3.08±0.37	30.84
	Experience of HAV vaccination	Yes	78 (23.5)		3.36±0.43	(.001) ＜
Hepatitis A vaccination characteristics	Experience of hearing about HAV vaccination	No	71 (21.4)		3.04±0.41	7.01
	Experience of hearing about HAV vaccination	Yes	261 (78.6)		3.18±0.39	(.008)
	Possession anti-HAV	No^a	40 (12.1)		3.09±0.44	12.25
		Yes^b	31 (9.3)		3.47±0.37	(＜.001)
		Don't know^c	261 (78.6)		3.12±0.38	a, c ＜b
	Family history of HAV infection	No	327 (98.5)		3.15±0.40	0.09
	Family history of HAV infection	Yes	5 (1.5)		3.20±0.61	(.764)
	Family history of hepatic disease	No	306 (92.2)		3.14±0.40	.69
	Family history of hepatic disease	Yes	26 (7.8)		3.20±0.40	(.406)
	Experience of overseas travel within 6 months	No	307 (92.5)		3.14±0.40	2.63
	Experience of overseas travel within 6 months	Yes	25 (7.5)		3.27±0.37	(.106)
	Experience of HAV education within 3 months	No	317 (95.5)		3.15±0.39	0.63
	Experience of HAV education within 3 months	Yes	15 (4.5)		3.06±0.53	(.430)
	Intention to HAV vaccination^†	No	25 (9.8)		3.00±0.40	1.23
	Intention to HAV vaccination^†	Yes	229 (90.2)		3.09±0.36	(.270)
Related factor	Health belief on HAV vaccination		2.38±0.25	1~4
	Knowledge on HAV vaccination		0.34±0.30	0~1
	Preventive behavior		3.15±0.40	1~4

HAV=hepatitis A virus;

^†Case of 'No' in experience of HAV vaccination; a, b, c=Scheffe test. ́

Table 2.

Correlations among Health belief, Knowledge and Preventive Behaviors about HAV (N=332)

Variables	Health belief	Knowledge	Preventive behavior
Variables	r (p)	r (p)	r (p)
Health belief	1
Knowledge	.15 (.007)	1
Preventive behavior	.16 (.003)	.15 (.007)	1

HAV=hepatitis A virus.

Table 3.

Factors related to HAV Preventive Behaviors (N=332)

Variables	B	_β	t	p	Adjusted R²	F	p
Experience of HAV vaccination^†	.22	.23	4.10	＜.001	.083	30.84	＜.001
Possession anti-HAV^†	.11	.13	2.30	.022	.093	18.06	＜.001
Health belief	.18	.11	2.14	.033	.103	13.69	＜.001

HAV=hepatitis A virus;

^†Dummy (yes=1).

REFERENCES

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2.Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. Management and prevention guidelines of hepatitis A [Internet]. Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention; 2009. [Cited 2014 March 4]. Available from.http://www.cdc.go.kr/CDC/contents/CdcKrContentView.jsp?menuIds=HOME001-MNU1132-MNU1147-MNU0746-MNU0750&cid=18008.
3.Roh HO, Sohn YM, Park MS, Choi BY, Bang KN, Ki MR, et al. A seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis A virus in the healthy children and adolescent in Kyonggi-do Province. Korean Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 1997;4:232-39.
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5.Cho SE, Kim YD. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A in South Korea: a nationwide study by the Eone reference laboratory. Journal of Epidemiology. 2013;23(4):270-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20120188.
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6.Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. Hepatitis A [Internet]. Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention; 2012. [Cited 2014 August 13]. Available from.http://www.cdc.go.kr/CDC/contents/CdcKrContentView.jsp?menuIds=HOME001-MNU1132-MNU1147-MNU0746-MNU0750&cid=18008.
7.FioreAE, Wasley A, BellB P. Prevention of Hepatitis A Through Activeor Passive Immunization: Recommendations ofthe Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Recommendations and Reports. Washington, DC: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP); 2006 May. ReportNO.: 55 (RR-7):.p. 1-23.
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Factors associated with Hepatitis A Preventative Behaviors among University Students

Korean J Adult Nurs. 2015;27(2):127-134. Published online April 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.127

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Factors associated with Hepatitis A Preventative Behaviors among University Students

Korean J Adult Nurs. 2015;27(2):127-134. Published online April 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.127

Factors associated with Hepatitis A Preventative Behaviors among University Students

Table 1.

Preventive Behaviors by General Characteristics, Context of HAV Vaccination, and HAV Related Factors (N=332)

Characteristics	Categories	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	Range	Preventive behavior	t or F (p)
Characteristics	Categories	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	Range	M±SD	t or F (p)
General characteristics	Gender	Female	245 (73.8)		3.16±0.37	1.14
	Gender	Male	87 (26.2)		3.10±0.49	(.287)
	Aged in years	18 ＜	104 (31.3)		3.17±0.37	0.61
		19 ≥	228 (68.7)		3.14±0.42	(.463)
			19.49±1.52	17~26
	Major	Physical science	242 (72.9)		3.16±0.40	0.46
	Major	Non-physical science	90 (27.1)		3.12±0.39	(.500)
	Religion	Yes	136 (41.0)		3.15±0.40	0.04
	Religion	No	196 (59.0)		3.14±0.40	(.839)
	Allowance (10,000 won)	10 ＜	56 (16.9)		3.12±0.38	0.49
		10~ 20 ＜	46 (13.9)		3.10±0.44	(.741)
		20~ 30 ＜	99 (29.8)		3.19±0.38
		30~ 40 ＜	83 (25.0)		3.15±0.42
		40 ≥	48 (14.4)		3.13±0.41
	Types of residence	With family^a	207 (62.4)		3.14±0.36	3.45
		Self-boarding	93 (28.0)		3.12±0.42	(.033)
		Dormitory^b	32 (9.6)		2.99±0.55	a b ＞
	Experience of HAV vaccination	No	254 (76.5)		3.08±0.37	30.84
	Experience of HAV vaccination	Yes	78 (23.5)		3.36±0.43	(.001) ＜
Hepatitis A vaccination characteristics	Experience of hearing about HAV vaccination	No	71 (21.4)		3.04±0.41	7.01
	Experience of hearing about HAV vaccination	Yes	261 (78.6)		3.18±0.39	(.008)
	Possession anti-HAV	No^a	40 (12.1)		3.09±0.44	12.25
		Yes^b	31 (9.3)		3.47±0.37	(＜.001)
		Don't know^c	261 (78.6)		3.12±0.38	a, c ＜b
	Family history of HAV infection	No	327 (98.5)		3.15±0.40	0.09
	Family history of HAV infection	Yes	5 (1.5)		3.20±0.61	(.764)
	Family history of hepatic disease	No	306 (92.2)		3.14±0.40	.69
	Family history of hepatic disease	Yes	26 (7.8)		3.20±0.40	(.406)
	Experience of overseas travel within 6 months	No	307 (92.5)		3.14±0.40	2.63
	Experience of overseas travel within 6 months	Yes	25 (7.5)		3.27±0.37	(.106)
	Experience of HAV education within 3 months	No	317 (95.5)		3.15±0.39	0.63
	Experience of HAV education within 3 months	Yes	15 (4.5)		3.06±0.53	(.430)
	Intention to HAV vaccination^†	No	25 (9.8)		3.00±0.40	1.23
	Intention to HAV vaccination^†	Yes	229 (90.2)		3.09±0.36	(.270)
Related factor	Health belief on HAV vaccination		2.38±0.25	1~4
	Knowledge on HAV vaccination		0.34±0.30	0~1
	Preventive behavior		3.15±0.40	1~4

HAV=hepatitis A virus;

^†Case of 'No' in experience of HAV vaccination; a, b, c=Scheffe test. ́

Table 2.

Correlations among Health belief, Knowledge and Preventive Behaviors about HAV (N=332)

Variables	Health belief	Knowledge	Preventive behavior
Variables	r (p)	r (p)	r (p)
Health belief	1
Knowledge	.15 (.007)	1
Preventive behavior	.16 (.003)	.15 (.007)	1

HAV=hepatitis A virus.

Table 3.

Factors related to HAV Preventive Behaviors (N=332)

Variables	B	_β	t	p	Adjusted R²	F	p
Experience of HAV vaccination^†	.22	.23	4.10	＜.001	.083	30.84	＜.001
Possession anti-HAV^†	.11	.13	2.30	.022	.093	18.06	＜.001
Health belief	.18	.11	2.14	.033	.103	13.69	＜.001

HAV=hepatitis A virus;

^†Dummy (yes=1).

Table 1. Preventive Behaviors by General Characteristics, Context of HAV Vaccination, and HAV Related Factors (N=332)

HAV=hepatitis A virus;

†

Case of 'No' in experience of HAV vaccination; a, b, c=Scheffe test. ́

Table 2. Correlations among Health belief, Knowledge and Preventive Behaviors about HAV (N=332)

HAV=hepatitis A virus.

Table 3. Factors related to HAV Preventive Behaviors (N=332)

HAV=hepatitis A virus;

†

Dummy (yes=1).

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