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Original Article

The Effect of Early Ambulation after 4 Hours of Bed Rest in Patients with Transarterial Chemoembolization

Sun Hee Nam1, Young-Ju Kim2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(1):53-60.
Published online: February 29, 2016

1Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul

2College of Nursing, Sungshin University, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Kim, Young-Ju College of Nursing, Sungshin University, 147 Mia-dong, Kangbuk-gu, Seoul 142-732, Korea. Tel: +82-2-920-7510, Fax: +82-2-920-2091, E-mail: yjkim727@sungshin.ac.kr
• Received: October 12, 2015   • Accepted: February 12, 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    This study was to compare the effects of early ambulation to usual care of late ambulation in patients with transarterial chemoembolization on back pain, discomfort, and puncture site complications.
  • Methods
    A nonequivalent control pretest-posttest design was used. Total 40 patients were recruited from a gastrointestinal unit of an urban general hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The experimental group began to ambulate after 4 hours of bed rest with a compression bandage after receiving transarterial chemoembolization. The control group stayed in bed with a compression bandage overnight.
  • Results
    Back pain was not significantly different between the two group. The experimental group reported significantly lower discomfort than the control group. There was no incidence of bleeding complications on puncture site between two groups.
  • Conclusion
    The results of this study showed that early ambulation with four hours of bed rest after femoral sheet removal did not cause bleeding complications compared to the usual care and even decreased patients’ level of discomfort due to bed rest. Repetitive research on the effect of short bed rest is warranted for its clinical utilization.
  • Key Words: Chemoembolization; Bed rest; Early ambulation; Back pain; Discomfort
Table 1.
Comparisons of Sociodemographic Characteristics between the Two Groups (N=40)
Characteristics Categories Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) x2 p
n (%) n (%)
Gender Female 4 (20.0) 4 (20.0) 0.000 1.000
Male 16 (80.0) 16 (80.0)
Age (year) ≤59 12 (60.0) 5 (25.0) 6.002 .051
60~69 4 (20.0) 11 (55.0)
≥70 4 (20.0) 4 (20.0)
Education ＜High school graduate 7 (35.0) 9 (45.0) 0.417 .748
≥High school graduate 13 (65.0) 11 (50.0)
Religion Yes 12 (60.0) 13 (65.0) 0.107 1.000
No 8 (40.0) 7 (35.0)
Marital status Single 3 (15.0) 1 (5.0) 1.111 .605
Married 17 (85.0) 19 (95.0)
Economy status Above middle 16 (80.0) 19 (95.0) 2.057 .342
Low 4 (20.0) 1 (5.0)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Table 2.
Homogeneity Tests between the Two Groups (N=40)
Variables Categories Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) x2 or t p
n (%) or M±SD n (%) or M±SD
Use of painkillers Yes 12 (60.0) 12 (60.0) 0.000 1.000
No 8 (40.0) 8 (40.0)    
Frequency of painkillers administered (time) 1 4 (33.3) 9 (75.0) 4.196 .100
≥2 8 (66.7) 3 (25.0)
Experience of TACE (time)   2.40±1.64 4.75±2.99 3.085 .004
Platelet (103/μ L)   128.0±94.5 105.3±42.3 -0.982 .332
Hemoglobin (g/dL)   12.14±2.03 11.75±1.25 -0.732 .469
Hematocrit (%)   38.92±12.17 34.78±3.22 -1.470 .150
Prothrombin time (sec)   80.49±16.75 83.46±12.3 0.639 .527
Partial prothrombin time (sec)   34.78±4.21 35.43±4.90 0.437 .665

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; TACE=transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

Table 3.
Comparisons of Back Pain Score between the Two Groups and by Time (N=40)
Variables Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) p   F p
M±SD M±SD
Right after TACE 0.70±2.17 1.10±2.19 .565 Group 1.09 .368
Post-TACE 1 hr 1.20±2.54 1.25±2.31 .949 Time 2.81 .048
Post-TACE 2 hrs 0.75±1.48 1.60±2.52 .202 Group*Time 0.26 .951
Post-TACE 4 hrs 0.80±1.51 1.70±2.08 .125      
Post-TACE 8 hrs 0.85±1.42 1.35±1.63 .308      
Post-TACE 12 hrs 0.70±1.22 0.90±1.55 .653      
Post-TACE 24 hrs 0.15±0.48 0.50±1.27 .260      

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; TACE=transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

Table 4.
Comparison of Discomfort Scores between the Two Groups (N=40)
Variables Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) p
M±SD M±SD
Total discomfort score 46.75±9.79 54.10±10.89 .031

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

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      Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(1):53-60.   Published online February 29, 2016
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.1.53
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      The Effect of Early Ambulation after 4 Hours of Bed Rest in Patients with Transarterial Chemoembolization
      Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(1):53-60.   Published online February 29, 2016
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.1.53
      Close
      The Effect of Early Ambulation after 4 Hours of Bed Rest in Patients with Transarterial Chemoembolization
      The Effect of Early Ambulation after 4 Hours of Bed Rest in Patients with Transarterial Chemoembolization

      Comparisons of Sociodemographic Characteristics between the Two Groups (N=40)

      Characteristics Categories Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) x2 p
      n (%) n (%)
      Gender Female 4 (20.0) 4 (20.0) 0.000 1.000
      Male 16 (80.0) 16 (80.0)
      Age (year) ≤59 12 (60.0) 5 (25.0) 6.002 .051
      60~69 4 (20.0) 11 (55.0)
      ≥70 4 (20.0) 4 (20.0)
      Education ＜High school graduate 7 (35.0) 9 (45.0) 0.417 .748
      ≥High school graduate 13 (65.0) 11 (50.0)
      Religion Yes 12 (60.0) 13 (65.0) 0.107 1.000
      No 8 (40.0) 7 (35.0)
      Marital status Single 3 (15.0) 1 (5.0) 1.111 .605
      Married 17 (85.0) 19 (95.0)
      Economy status Above middle 16 (80.0) 19 (95.0) 2.057 .342
      Low 4 (20.0) 1 (5.0)

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

      Homogeneity Tests between the Two Groups (N=40)

      Variables Categories Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) x2 or t p
      n (%) or M±SD n (%) or M±SD
      Use of painkillers Yes 12 (60.0) 12 (60.0) 0.000 1.000
      No 8 (40.0) 8 (40.0)    
      Frequency of painkillers administered (time) 1 4 (33.3) 9 (75.0) 4.196 .100
      ≥2 8 (66.7) 3 (25.0)
      Experience of TACE (time)   2.40±1.64 4.75±2.99 3.085 .004
      Platelet (103/μ L)   128.0±94.5 105.3±42.3 -0.982 .332
      Hemoglobin (g/dL)   12.14±2.03 11.75±1.25 -0.732 .469
      Hematocrit (%)   38.92±12.17 34.78±3.22 -1.470 .150
      Prothrombin time (sec)   80.49±16.75 83.46±12.3 0.639 .527
      Partial prothrombin time (sec)   34.78±4.21 35.43±4.90 0.437 .665

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; TACE=transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

      Comparisons of Back Pain Score between the Two Groups and by Time (N=40)

      Variables Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) p   F p
      M±SD M±SD
      Right after TACE 0.70±2.17 1.10±2.19 .565 Group 1.09 .368
      Post-TACE 1 hr 1.20±2.54 1.25±2.31 .949 Time 2.81 .048
      Post-TACE 2 hrs 0.75±1.48 1.60±2.52 .202 Group*Time 0.26 .951
      Post-TACE 4 hrs 0.80±1.51 1.70±2.08 .125      
      Post-TACE 8 hrs 0.85±1.42 1.35±1.63 .308      
      Post-TACE 12 hrs 0.70±1.22 0.90±1.55 .653      
      Post-TACE 24 hrs 0.15±0.48 0.50±1.27 .260      

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; TACE=transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

      Comparison of Discomfort Scores between the Two Groups (N=40)

      Variables Exp. (n=20) Cont. (n=20) p
      M±SD M±SD
      Total discomfort score 46.75±9.79 54.10±10.89 .031

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.
      Table 1. Comparisons of Sociodemographic Characteristics between the Two Groups (N=40)

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

      Table 2. Homogeneity Tests between the Two Groups (N=40)

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; TACE=transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

      Table 3. Comparisons of Back Pain Score between the Two Groups and by Time (N=40)

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; TACE=transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

      Table 4. Comparison of Discomfort Scores between the Two Groups (N=40)

      Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

      Table 1.

      Table 2.

      Table 3.

      Table 4.

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