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Effects of Resistance Exercise using Elastic Band on Range of Motion, Function and Shoulder Pain among Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair
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Original Article

Effects of Resistance Exercise using Elastic Band on Range of Motion, Function and Shoulder Pain among Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair

Jae Ok Sim, MSN, RN
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(5):491-500.
Published online: October 31, 2016

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Corresponding author: Sim, Jae Ok Dong-eui Medical Center, 62 Yangjeong-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47227, Korea. Tel: +82-51-867-5101, Fax: +82-51-867-5162, E-mail: judy0091@hanmail.net
• Received: April 13, 2016   • Accepted: October 24, 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of resistive exercise using an elastic band on range of motion, function and shoulder pain.
  • Methods
    Forty two subjects who had rotator cuff surgery were assigned either to a treatment or a comparison group, twenty one each. Following a six week period after surgery those in the treatment group participated in resistant exercise using an elastic band for four weeks. The subjects in the comparison group did not participate in the exercise program. The goniometer measured range of motion, a modified tool measured function, and a self report numerical rating scale measured pain. The data were analyzed using x2 test, Fisher's exact, t-test and the Mann-Whitney Test.
  • Results
    Although not statistically significant, there was a trend that more subjects in the treatment group had increased range of motion. There was a statistically significance among the treatment group in terms of increased function (p=.015). Further the treatment group reported less pain that those in the comparison group (p<.001).
  • Conclusion
    The findings support that resistance exercise is an effective strategy for patients with rotator cuff repair.
Table 1.
Elastic Band Exercise Contents
Stage of resistance exercise Exercise type Times Frequency Duration
Stage 1 Shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction 15 × 3 times 3/week 2 weeks
(POD 42~55 days)
Stage 2 Shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation 15 × 3 times 3/week 2 weeks
(POD 56~69 days)
Table 2.
General Characteristics (N=42)
Characteristics Categories Exp. (n=21) Cont. (n=21) x2 or Fisher or U p
n (%) or M±SD n (%) or M±SD
Age (year)   54.7±7.6 55.7±10.0 476.00 .545
Gender Male 8 (38.1) 9 (42.9) 0.10 1.000
Female 13 (61.9) 12 (57.1)
Marital status Single 1 (4.8) 1 (4.8) 0.00 1.000
Married 20 (95.2) 20 (95.2)
Occupation Yes 10 (47.6) 10 (47.6) 0.00 1.000
No 11 (52.4) 11 (52.4)
Education level ≤Junior high school 6 (28.6) 6 (28.6) 1.12§ 1.000
High school 8 (38.1) 8 (38.1)
≥College 7 (33.3) 7 (33.3)
Periods of pain (month) <6 13 (61.9) 11 (52.4) 0.54 .828
6~<12 6 (28.6) 7 (33.3)
12~<36 2 (9.5) 3 (14.3)
Preoperative treatment Medication 16 (76.2) 13 (61.9) 1.40§ .776
Physiotherapy 2 (9.5) 1 (4.8)
Herbal healing 0 (0.0) 1 (4.8)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

Man-Whitney U test;

x

2test;

§Fisher's exact test.

Table 3.
Homogeneity of Dependent Variables (N=42)
Variables Categories Exp. (n=21) Cont. (n=21) p
M±SD M±SD
Range of motion Flexion 101.19±35.81 89.05±38.69 .297
Extension 40.24±7.33 32.38±9.30 .004
Adduction 26.67±10.65 25.00±8.66 .540
Abduction 83.57±28.42 73.33±29.04 .255
Internal rotation 24.52±12.54 21.43±13.15 .429
External rotation 39.05±23.33 32.14±20.53 .426
Function   15.19±9.543 12.80±9.031 .428
Pain   4.57±1.83 4.33±1.85 .662

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

Man-Whitney U test.

Table 4.
Differences in Range of Motion, Function and Pain between the Experimental and Control Group (N=42)
Variables Categories Group Pretest Posttest Difference p
M±SD M±SD M±S
Range of motion Flexion Exp. (n=21) 101.19±35.81 163.81±19.93 62.62±27.64 .034
Cont. (n=21) 89.05±38.69 138.10±24.37 49.05±32.70
Extension Exp. (n=21) 40.24±7.33 56.19±5.68 15.95±6.45 .154
Cont. (n=21) 32.38±9.30 45.95±5.84 13.57±7.44
Adduction Exp. (n=21) 26.67±10.65 42.86±3.73 16.19±9.86 .474
Cont. (n=21) 25.00±8.66 40.71±5.54 15.71±8.84
Abduction Exp. (n=21) 83.57±28.42 153.57±30.26 70.00±22.64 <.001
Cont. (n=21) 73.33±29.04 116.67±25.61 43.33±20.33
Internal rotation Exp. (n=21) 24.52±12.54 62.62±44.52 38.10±11.78 <.001
Cont. (n=21) 21.43±13.15 44.52±16.35 23.10±12.70
External rotation Exp. (n=21) 39.05±23.33 82.38±12.21 43.33±21.70 .031
Cont. (n=21) 32.14±20.53 63.81±21.50 31.67±17.27
Function   Exp. (n=21) 15.19±9.54 34.43±7.42 19.24±8.01 .015
  Cont. (n=21) 12.80±9.03 26.67±6.19 13.86±7.45
Pain   Exp. (n=21) 4.57±1.83 2.76±1.38 -1.81±1.44 <.001
  Cont. (n=21) 4.33±1.85 4.19±1.33 -0.14±1.56

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

Man-Whitney U test.

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References

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    Effects of Resistance Exercise using Elastic Band on Range of Motion, Function and Shoulder Pain among Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(5):491-500.   Published online October 31, 2016
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    Effects of Resistance Exercise using Elastic Band on Range of Motion, Function and Shoulder Pain among Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(5):491-500.   Published online October 31, 2016
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    Effects of Resistance Exercise using Elastic Band on Range of Motion, Function and Shoulder Pain among Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair
    Effects of Resistance Exercise using Elastic Band on Range of Motion, Function and Shoulder Pain among Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair

    Elastic Band Exercise Contents

    Stage of resistance exercise Exercise type Times Frequency Duration
    Stage 1 Shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction 15 × 3 times 3/week 2 weeks
    (POD 42~55 days)
    Stage 2 Shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation 15 × 3 times 3/week 2 weeks
    (POD 56~69 days)

    General Characteristics (N=42)

    Characteristics Categories Exp. (n=21) Cont. (n=21) x2 or Fisher or U p
    n (%) or M±SD n (%) or M±SD
    Age (year)   54.7±7.6 55.7±10.0 476.00 .545
    Gender Male 8 (38.1) 9 (42.9) 0.10 1.000
    Female 13 (61.9) 12 (57.1)
    Marital status Single 1 (4.8) 1 (4.8) 0.00 1.000
    Married 20 (95.2) 20 (95.2)
    Occupation Yes 10 (47.6) 10 (47.6) 0.00 1.000
    No 11 (52.4) 11 (52.4)
    Education level ≤Junior high school 6 (28.6) 6 (28.6) 1.12§ 1.000
    High school 8 (38.1) 8 (38.1)
    ≥College 7 (33.3) 7 (33.3)
    Periods of pain (month) <6 13 (61.9) 11 (52.4) 0.54 .828
    6~<12 6 (28.6) 7 (33.3)
    12~<36 2 (9.5) 3 (14.3)
    Preoperative treatment Medication 16 (76.2) 13 (61.9) 1.40§ .776
    Physiotherapy 2 (9.5) 1 (4.8)
    Herbal healing 0 (0.0) 1 (4.8)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

    Man-Whitney U test;

    x

    2test;

    §Fisher's exact test.

    Homogeneity of Dependent Variables (N=42)

    Variables Categories Exp. (n=21) Cont. (n=21) p
    M±SD M±SD
    Range of motion Flexion 101.19±35.81 89.05±38.69 .297
    Extension 40.24±7.33 32.38±9.30 .004
    Adduction 26.67±10.65 25.00±8.66 .540
    Abduction 83.57±28.42 73.33±29.04 .255
    Internal rotation 24.52±12.54 21.43±13.15 .429
    External rotation 39.05±23.33 32.14±20.53 .426
    Function   15.19±9.543 12.80±9.031 .428
    Pain   4.57±1.83 4.33±1.85 .662

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

    Man-Whitney U test.

    Differences in Range of Motion, Function and Pain between the Experimental and Control Group (N=42)

    Variables Categories Group Pretest Posttest Difference p
    M±SD M±SD M±S
    Range of motion Flexion Exp. (n=21) 101.19±35.81 163.81±19.93 62.62±27.64 .034
    Cont. (n=21) 89.05±38.69 138.10±24.37 49.05±32.70
    Extension Exp. (n=21) 40.24±7.33 56.19±5.68 15.95±6.45 .154
    Cont. (n=21) 32.38±9.30 45.95±5.84 13.57±7.44
    Adduction Exp. (n=21) 26.67±10.65 42.86±3.73 16.19±9.86 .474
    Cont. (n=21) 25.00±8.66 40.71±5.54 15.71±8.84
    Abduction Exp. (n=21) 83.57±28.42 153.57±30.26 70.00±22.64 <.001
    Cont. (n=21) 73.33±29.04 116.67±25.61 43.33±20.33
    Internal rotation Exp. (n=21) 24.52±12.54 62.62±44.52 38.10±11.78 <.001
    Cont. (n=21) 21.43±13.15 44.52±16.35 23.10±12.70
    External rotation Exp. (n=21) 39.05±23.33 82.38±12.21 43.33±21.70 .031
    Cont. (n=21) 32.14±20.53 63.81±21.50 31.67±17.27
    Function   Exp. (n=21) 15.19±9.54 34.43±7.42 19.24±8.01 .015
      Cont. (n=21) 12.80±9.03 26.67±6.19 13.86±7.45
    Pain   Exp. (n=21) 4.57±1.83 2.76±1.38 -1.81±1.44 <.001
      Cont. (n=21) 4.33±1.85 4.19±1.33 -0.14±1.56

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

    Man-Whitney U test.

    Table 1. Elastic Band Exercise Contents

    Table 2. General Characteristics (N=42)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

    Man-Whitney U test;

    x

    test;

    Fisher's exact test.

    Table 3. Homogeneity of Dependent Variables (N=42)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

    Man-Whitney U test.

    Table 4. Differences in Range of Motion, Function and Pain between the Experimental and Control Group (N=42)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group;

    Man-Whitney U test.

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