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Original Article

Performance of Evidence-based Pain Assessment and Management Guidelines among Medical-Surgical Nurses

Heui Lyang Kim, MSN, RN1, Chi Eun Song, Ph.D., APN2, Hyang Sook So, Ph.D., APN3
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(5):546-558.
Published online: October 31, 2016

1Nurse, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju

2Nurse, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun

3Professor, College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

Corresponding author: So, Hyang Sook College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, 160 Baekse-ro, Dongn-gu, Gwngju 61469, Korea. Tel: +82-62-530-4952, Fax: +82-62-227-4009, E-mail: hsso@jnu.ac.kr
• Received: July 18, 2016   • Accepted: October 24, 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    This study aimed at the effectiveness to investigate the performance of evidence-based pain assessment and management guidelines.
  • Methods
    Participants were 140 nurses at the med-surgical units. Data were collected in early July, 2014 using Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) guideline (2007) revised and validated by Hong and Lee (2012) and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA using SPSS/WIN18.0.
  • Results
    The score of performance of pain assessment guideline was higher than the score of pain management. Categories with high score were pain screening, parameter of pain assessment, documentation, assessment of opioids side-effects, and record of pain caused intervention. Categories with low score were comprehensive pain assessment, multidisciplinary communication, establishing a plan for pain management, consultation and education for patients and their families, and education for nurse. Non-pharmacological management was the lowest one.
  • Conclusion
    Assessing and managing pain is a complex phenomenon. It might be useful if institutions host training programs to ensure that nurse are better able to understand and implement pain assessment and management. Since non-pharmacological management is less likely to be used by nurses it may be helpful to include these methods in a training program.
  • Key Words: Pain management; Guideline; Job performance
Table 1.
General and Pain Education-related Characteristics of the Subjects (N=140)
Variables Characteristics Categories n(%)
General characteristics Age (year) ＜25 65 (46.4)
25~29 38 (27.1)
30~34 24 (17.1)
≥35 13 (9.4)
Work experience (year) ＜5 77 (55.0)
5~＜10 36 (25.7)
10~＜15 18 (12.9)
≥15 9 (6.4)
Job position　 　 Head nurse 6 (4.3)
Charge nurse 8 (5.7)
Staff nurse 126 (90.0)
Working unit Medical 56 (40.0)
Surgical 84 (60.0)
Education level 　 　 Diploma 36 (25.7)
Bachelor 92 (65.7)
Graduate 12 (8.6)
Pain-related education characteristics Non-experience group   52(37.1)
   Needs of pain education Yes 52 (100.0)
No 0 (0.0)
Experience group   88(62.9)
Frequency of education 　 1 48 (54.6)
2 20 (22.7)
≥3 20 (22.7)
Types of education 　 Undergraduate course 31 (35.2)
Continuing education 24 (27.3)
Inservice education 33 (37.5)
Duration of education (hours) 　 1~2 37 (42.1)
3~4 11 (12.5)
4~5 9 (10.2)
≥6 31 (35.2)
Contents of education* 　 Pain mechanism 75 (85.2)
Pain assessment 83 (94.3)
Pain intervention - -
   Analgesics 81 (92.0)
 Cold or hot therapy 63 (71.6)
 Massage 56 (63.6)
 Placebo 65 (73.9)
 Relaxation therapy 65 (73.9)
 Music therapy 47 (53.5)
Needs of pain education 　 Pain mechanism 6 (6.8)
Pain assessment 34 (38.7)
Pain intervention 48 (54.5)
Awareness about pain management guideline Not awared 90 (64.3)
Awared 50 (35.7)
Degree of implementation of pain management, if awared A little 5 (10.0)
Somewhat 43 (86.0)
Very well 2 (4.0)

*Duplicated number.

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    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Developing and Implementing Postoperative Pain Management Guidelines for Breast Cancer Surgery: A Leadership Perspective
      Mouza Al Ameri, Nandan M Shanbhag
      Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Factors Influencing Oncology Nurses’ Pain Management of Cancer Patients
      Hoi Sook Seo, Eun Young Park, Se Jin Park, Bo Ra Han, Myung Jin Jang
      Asian Oncology Nursing.2021; 21(4): 213.     CrossRef
    • Identification of Knowledge Structure of Pain Management Nursing Research Applying Text Network Analysis
      Chan Sook Park, Eun-Jun Park
      Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(5): 538.     CrossRef

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    Performance of Evidence-based Pain Assessment and Management Guidelines among Medical-Surgical Nurses
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(5):546-558.   Published online October 31, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.5.546
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    Performance of Evidence-based Pain Assessment and Management Guidelines among Medical-Surgical Nurses
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(5):546-558.   Published online October 31, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.5.546
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    Performance of Evidence-based Pain Assessment and Management Guidelines among Medical-Surgical Nurses
    Performance of Evidence-based Pain Assessment and Management Guidelines among Medical-Surgical Nurses

    General and Pain Education-related Characteristics of the Subjects (N=140)

    Variables Characteristics Categories n(%)
    General characteristics Age (year) ＜25 65 (46.4)
    25~29 38 (27.1)
    30~34 24 (17.1)
    ≥35 13 (9.4)
    Work experience (year) ＜5 77 (55.0)
    5~＜10 36 (25.7)
    10~＜15 18 (12.9)
    ≥15 9 (6.4)
    Job position　 　 Head nurse 6 (4.3)
    Charge nurse 8 (5.7)
    Staff nurse 126 (90.0)
    Working unit Medical 56 (40.0)
    Surgical 84 (60.0)
    Education level 　 　 Diploma 36 (25.7)
    Bachelor 92 (65.7)
    Graduate 12 (8.6)
    Pain-related education characteristics Non-experience group   52(37.1)
       Needs of pain education Yes 52 (100.0)
    No 0 (0.0)
    Experience group   88(62.9)
    Frequency of education 　 1 48 (54.6)
    2 20 (22.7)
    ≥3 20 (22.7)
    Types of education 　 Undergraduate course 31 (35.2)
    Continuing education 24 (27.3)
    Inservice education 33 (37.5)
    Duration of education (hours) 　 1~2 37 (42.1)
    3~4 11 (12.5)
    4~5 9 (10.2)
    ≥6 31 (35.2)
    Contents of education* 　 Pain mechanism 75 (85.2)
    Pain assessment 83 (94.3)
    Pain intervention - -
       Analgesics 81 (92.0)
     Cold or hot therapy 63 (71.6)
     Massage 56 (63.6)
     Placebo 65 (73.9)
     Relaxation therapy 65 (73.9)
     Music therapy 47 (53.5)
    Needs of pain education 　 Pain mechanism 6 (6.8)
    Pain assessment 34 (38.7)
    Pain intervention 48 (54.5)
    Awareness about pain management guideline Not awared 90 (64.3)
    Awared 50 (35.7)
    Degree of implementation of pain management, if awared A little 5 (10.0)
    Somewhat 43 (86.0)
    Very well 2 (4.0)

    *Duplicated number.
    Table 1. General and Pain Education-related Characteristics of the Subjects (N=140)

    *Duplicated number.

    Table 1.

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