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Original Article

Effects of a Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program on Incidence Rate and Endotracheal Colonization

Ui Rim Song, MSN, RN1, Sook Young Kim, Ph.D., RN2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(6):628-636.
Published online: December 31, 2016

1Nurse, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.

2Professor, College of Nursing, CHA University, Pocheon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kim, Sook Young. College of Nursing, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Korea. Tel: +82-31-850-9324, Fax: +82-31-8017-5853, kimsy@cha.ac.kr
• Received: August 31, 2016   • Revised: December 12, 2016   • Accepted: December 15, 2016

© 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    This study examined the effects of a program designed to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) on VAP rate and endotracheal colonization. The program focused on aspiration prevention and oral care.
  • Methods
    A nonequivalent control group post-test only design was utilized. One hundred patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit (MICU) or coronary care unit (CCU) were assigned to either a experimental group (n=50) or a control group (n=50). The participants were selected 48 hours following an endotracheal intubation. VAP prevention program given to the experimental group includes keeping the head of the bed to 30°~45° high, maintaining continuous endotracheal cuff pressure at 25 cm H2O, performing endotracheal suction before change position, and providing oral care with 0.1% chlorhexidine every four hours. The control group received usual care. Data were analyzed using t-test, χ2 test, Mantel-Haenszel χ2 and Cox proportional harzard regression model.
  • Results
    The experimental group showed a lower VAP rate than the control group although the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.79, p=.375). The experimental group showed lower colonization in tracheal secretion than the control group (χ2=14.59, p<.001).
  • Conclusion
    Results showed that a VAP prevention program is effective in reducing colonization of tracheal secretion. Therefore, VAP prevention programs are recommended as an ICU nursing intervention.
  • Key Words: Pneumonia; Ventilator-associated; Respiratory aspiration; Oral hygiene

This manuscript is a revision of the first author's master's thesis from CHA University.

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Figure 1

Comparison of endotracheal colonization rates between groups.

kjan-28-628-g001.jpg
Table 1

Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program

kjan-28-628-i001.jpg

HOB=head of bed.

Table 2

Homogeneity Test of General and Disease related Characteristics between Two Groups (N=100)

kjan-28-628-i002.jpg

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MICU=Medical intensive care unit; CCU=Coronary care unit; GCS=Glasgow coma scale; SAPS=Simplified acute physiology score.

Table 3

Comparison of Ventilator associated Pneumonia Rate between Two Groups (N=100)

kjan-28-628-i003.jpg

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; VAP=ventilator associated pneumonia.

Table 4

Comparison of the Number of Endotracheal Colonization between Two Groups (N=100)

kjan-28-628-i004.jpg

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Figure & Data

References

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    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Effects of Oral Care Using Chlorhexidine Gluconate on Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
      Nam Young Kim, Seang Ryu, Yun-Hee Kim
      Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(2): 109.     CrossRef

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    Effects of a Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program on Incidence Rate and Endotracheal Colonization
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(6):628-636.   Published online December 31, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.6.628
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    Effects of a Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program on Incidence Rate and Endotracheal Colonization
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(6):628-636.   Published online December 31, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.6.628
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    Effects of a Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program on Incidence Rate and Endotracheal Colonization
    Image
    Figure 1 Comparison of endotracheal colonization rates between groups.

    Figure 1

    Effects of a Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program on Incidence Rate and Endotracheal Colonization

    Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program

    HOB=head of bed.

    Homogeneity Test of General and Disease related Characteristics between Two Groups (N=100)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MICU=Medical intensive care unit; CCU=Coronary care unit; GCS=Glasgow coma scale; SAPS=Simplified acute physiology score.

    Comparison of Ventilator associated Pneumonia Rate between Two Groups (N=100)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; VAP=ventilator associated pneumonia.

    Comparison of the Number of Endotracheal Colonization between Two Groups (N=100)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.
    Table 1 Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Prevention Program

    HOB=head of bed.

    Table 2 Homogeneity Test of General and Disease related Characteristics between Two Groups (N=100)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MICU=Medical intensive care unit; CCU=Coronary care unit; GCS=Glasgow coma scale; SAPS=Simplified acute physiology score.

    Table 3 Comparison of Ventilator associated Pneumonia Rate between Two Groups (N=100)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; VAP=ventilator associated pneumonia.

    Table 4 Comparison of the Number of Endotracheal Colonization between Two Groups (N=100)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

    Table 1

    Table 2

    Table 3

    Table 4

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