Purpose This study evaluated the impact of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on depression, perceived health, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in community-dwelling adults. Methods Data from 9,778 adults who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2014 and 2016 were analyzed. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD EPI) equation. Depression was defined as a score of at least 10 points on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
The HRQOL was measured using the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D). The effects of CKD on depression were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, and the effects on perceived health and HRQOL were analyzed using multivariate ordered logistic regression. Results The prevalence of CKD was 3.7%. Among the adults with CKD, 13.1% had depression, 42.9% perceived their health to be bad, and their HRQOL was significantly lower than that of their non-CKD counterparts. The odds ratio for depression in patients with CKD was 1.66 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.10~2.52, p=.017) and that of perceived bad or fair health was 1.80 (95% CI=1.35~2.40, p<.001). The likelihood of lower HRQOL in CKD patients was 1.44 times higher than in the non-CKD patients (95% CI=1.09~1.90, p=.010). Conclusion The prevalence of psychological problems in CKD patients was higher than in non-CKD patients. The results suggest the importance of comprehensive intervention for patients with CKD. Policies are needed to help assess and manage patients with CKD who are experiencing emotional problems.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family function, self-esteem, and loneliness on subjective health status in middle-aged women. METHODS: A five-item family APGAR was used to measure family function. Self-esteem was measured by the Rosenberg's Self-esteem scale, and the level of loneliness was measured using RULS. One-item was used to investigate subjective health status. RESULT: In this study, the level of family function was moderate. The mean score of self-esteem was 29.06, and subjects revealed moderate loneliness. Subjects rated their health status as 'fair'. There were differences in subjective health status according to education and economic status. Through multiple regression, it was found that self-esteem was a variable predicting subjective health status in middle-aged women. CONCLUSION: Facilitating self-esteem of the middle-aged women can be one of the important nursing interventions in maintaining subjective health status as good.
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