Purpose
The study aimed to develop a Healthcare Empowerment Program for patients with Temporary Ileostomy (HCEP-TI) and evaluate its effectiveness.
Methods
The HCEP-TI was developed based on Johnson’s model of healthcare empowerment by reviewing relevant literature, identifying patients’ needs through in-depth interviews, and testing content validity. The study was conducted at K University D hospital from June 2019 to September 2020 using a randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest design. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (n=15), which participated in HCEP-TI once a week for seven weeks, and control (n=15), which participated in conventional ileostomy care. Data were analyzed using linear by linear association, MannWhitney U, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
Results
There were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in healthcare empowerment, self-management knowledge and behavior, and degree of peristomal skin damage. However, there was no significant difference between the groups regarding dehydration.
Conclusion
The HCEP-TI including engaged, informed, collaborative, committed, and tolerant of uncertainty intervention is effective in improving healthcare empowerment, self-management knowledge and behavior, and the degree of peristomal skin damage. This program can help patients with temporary ileostomy improve their empowerment, self-management, and stoma conditions.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program for colorectal cancer surgery patients.
METHODS
This program was developed using ADDIE model. It includes preoperative care (counseling, encouraging liquid food intake, avoiding mechanical bowel preparation, encouraging sips of water up to two hours before surgery) and postoperative care (removal of Foley catheter the day after surgery, water intake after three days, beginning liquid diet intake after four days, a soft diet after five days, supplementing high carbohydrate drinks beginning three days after surgery, and early mobilization on the day of surgery). An experimental group of 15 patients in the ERAS program (July 1, 2017~March 31, 2018) and a control group of 24 patients in the existing program (July 1, 2016~March 31, 2017) were compared. Date was analyzed using independent t-test, χ² test, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
The time before beginning the soft diet was significantly shorter in the ERAS group than the control group (U=56.00, p<.001). The hospital stay length was significantly decreased in the ERAS group (9.53±1.35) compared to the control group (13.29±4.57) (U=72.50, p=.002). No significant differences emerged in frequencies of postoperative bowel function recovery, complications, or readmission.
CONCLUSION
Although the recommendations of the traditional ERAS were not fully applied in this ERAS program, it offers improved clinical outcomes for patients with laparoscopic colon cancer surgery.

Citations

• Effects of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Program for Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery
  Jeongwon Yeom, Hee-Sook Lim
  Clinical Nutrition Research.2022; 11(2): 75.     CrossRef
• Enhanced Recovery after Cancer Surgery using Dokhwaljihwang-tang-gami: A Case Series
  Nu-ri Jung, Yu-jin Choi, Ki-tae Kim, Seon-mi Shin, Heung Ko
  The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2020; 41(2): 248.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate a successful aging experience of aged on the in-home benefits of long-term care insurance.
METHODS
The participants included 12 aged individuals receiving such benefits. Data were collected using in-depth interviews from November of 2016 to July of 2017. The qualitative analysis process followed the grounded theory method by Strauss and Corbin.
RESULTS
The research results indicate that the core category was “living my life in my home using my remaining abilities”. The phenomenon was “recognizing the limitations of my body”, and causal conditions were “old and sick body” and “depression”. The interaction strategies were “examining my body”, “engaging in self-reflection”, “controlling my mind”, “taking care of my health according to the illnesses I experience”, “managing my remaining abilities”, “connecting with a supportive network”, and “spending time”. The outcomes were “living by adapting to my limited body conditions”, “leading my life with the help of others”, “sharing the meaning of life with others”, and “reestablishing my life values”.
CONCLUSION
Based on the this results, systematic health management programs such as personalized physical activity to maintain and preserve remaining function of the body should be develop to maintain the life in my home for aged.

Citations

• Successful aging among the elderly with mild cognitive impairment facing the crisis of old age: a grounded theory study
  Haeyun Shin, Suhye Kwon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(2): 301.     CrossRef
• Transition Experiences of the Elderly from Long-Term Care Hospital to Home: Focusing on the Elderly Living Alone of Community Care Project
  Yun Hee Hwang, Ga Eon Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(3): 382.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study aimed to develop evidence-based nursing practice guidelines for pain management in patients with dementia and to verify their effects.
METHODS
Guidelines were developed according to the Clinical Practice Guideline Adaptation Manual. Additionally the quality of six guidelines was evaluated using the AGREE (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation) tool. Subsequently, the guidelines were translated into Korean and a preliminary set of guidelines was established. After a group of experts confirmed the content validity of the guidelines, the Korean version was applied to clinical settings for 4 weeks, to examine their applicability. Data was collected from April to August 2017. The dependent variables were nurses' knowledge and attitudes about pain management in patients with dementia, pain assessment frequency, use of pharmacological and nonpharmacological intervention to reduce pain, and subjective and objective pain scores of patients with dementia. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, and analysis of covariance with SPSS/WIN 22.0.
RESULTS
Nurses in the experimental group had a higher degree of knowledge and more positive attitudes regarding pain management, and they reported a higher frequency of pain assessment as compared to those in the control group. As compared to patients in the control group, those in the experimental group had more days of regular treatment with analgesics and were provided with a higher analgesics dose as well as more frequently received physical and relaxation therapies. The two groups did not show significant differences in subjective and objective pain scores.
CONCLUSION
The present findings indicates that the evidence-based guidelines for pain management developed in this study were effective in helping nurses and patients with dementia to resolve their pain for which they were currently seeking treatment.

Citations

• Developing evidence‐based medication therapy management tools for psychiatric nurses: An evaluative qualitative case study
  Melisa Bulut, Çiğdem Yüksel
  Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice.2024; 30(8): 1519.     CrossRef
• Development and Evaluation of Evidence-Based Nursing Protocol for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation to Critically Ill Patients
  Soomi Kim, Chul-Gyu Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(3): 275.     CrossRef
• Self-rated health as a predictor of mortality according to cognitive impairment: findings from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2016)
  Goun Park, Wankyo Chung
  Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021021.     CrossRef
• Development and Effectiveness of Practice Application Program of Intravenous Infusion Evidence-Based Nursing Practice Guideline - for Small and Medium Sized Hospitals
  Inhwa Hong, Young Eun
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(6): 863.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Performance of Pain Assessment and Pain Intervention for Dementia Patients among Long-term Care Hospital Nurses
  Mi Seon Jeon, Chi Eun Song, Jeong Min Park, Weon Gyeong Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(3): 283.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The specific aims were to identify the process of fight against ovarian cancer and how the women interact with other people.
METHODS
The subjects included 12 women who were higher than stage II epithelial ovarian cancer. Data were collected with an in-depth individual interview from July 2017 to April 2018. The specific analysis process followed the grounded theory method of Corbin and Strauss.
RESULTS
The results show that the core category was “finding the existence value with being tied to the bridle of death”. The outcomes were “fighting cancer in loneliness”, “life compromised with death”, and “social sublimation”. The women with ovarian cancer experienced the collapse of existence value while they reached the phase of implicit maintenance through the phases of chaos, active seeking, and desperate coping by using various strategies.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate psychosocial problems due to the collapse of women's existence value in the process of ovarian cancer treatment, which have an important effect on the entire treatment process. Thus, it is important to develop nursing strategies based on the characteristics of the process of treatment in ovarian cancer and health providers should support them to rebuild the value of the existence through it.

Citations

• The Experience of Gynecologic Cancer in Young Women: A Qualitative Study
  Sung-Jin Kim, Hyunjeong Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(1): 115.     CrossRef

This article has been retracted.

PURPOSE
This study was to develop a health promotion program for marriage immigrant women and to evaluate its efficacy.
METHODS
The health promotion program was comprised of eight 100-minute weekly sessions. Each session included understanding of health responsibility, nutrition, physical activity, interpersonal relations, stress management, and self actualization. The research was conducted under the principles of nonequivalent control group pretest-post test design. The outcome variables were health promoting behavior, health status, acculturation, self efficacy, and perceived barrier. The participants were 15 immigrant women in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. Data was analyzed using chi2 test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.
RESULTS
There was a significant improvement in health promoting behaviors (U=-3.08, p=.002), left shoulder flexibility (U=-3.02, p=.003), right shoulder flexibility (U=-3.02, p=.003), low back flexibility (U=-3.37, p=.001), social health status (U=-3.38 p=.001) and subjective health status (U=-2.17 p=.030) in the experimental group compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
The health promotion program for marriage immigrant women was an effective intervention for improving health promoting behavior, physical health status, social health, and subjective health status. Therefore, the developed health promotion program needs to be applied to married immigrant women in other kinds nursing care settings in future research.

Citations

• The Effects of the Infant Health Promotion Program for Mothers with Their Firstborn Infants
  Chae-Min Yoon, Mi-Ae You
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(6): 666.     CrossRef
• Influence of Perceived Health Status, Perceived Barrier, Cultural Acculturation on Empowerment in Married Migrant Women
  Yong-Sook EO, Yeon Hee LEE
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2020; 32(5): 1308.     CrossRef
• Effects of Web-based Preconception Health Promotion Program for Couples about to be Married
  Nam Joo Je, So Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(5): 720.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Health Related Intervention Research for Married Immigrant Women
  Hyun-mi Ahn, Mi-ok Kim
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(12): 245.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to identify the effects of auricular acupressure on nausea, vomiting and serum serotonin level in gynecological cancer patients with chemotherapy.
METHODS
The research was a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 26 patients for the experimental group, and 26 patients for the control group. Auricular acupressure in Shen men, Occiput, Stomach and Sympathetic points was administered to those in the experimental group. Data were analyzed using chi2-test, t-test, ANCOVA, and repeated measures of ANOVA.
RESULTS
The experimental group had reported significantly lower mean nausea NRS (Number Rating Scale), INVR (Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching), and serum serotonin level than those in the control group.
CONCLUSION
Results of the study show auricular acupressure is an effective nursing intervention for reducing chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting and serum serotonin level of gynecological cancer patients.

Citations

• The effect of ear acupressure on sexual functioning among lactating women: A randomized sham controlled trial
  Zainab Alimoardi, Sanaz Barghamadi, Terry Oleson, Mohammad Hossein Ayati, Mark D. Griffiths, Nasim Bahrami
  European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2023; 63: 102285.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Self-Acupressure on Peripheral Neuropathy, Disturbance in Daily Activity, and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients undergoing Chemotherapy
  Su Young Kim, Jeong Sook Park
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2021; 21(3): 129.     CrossRef
• The effects of auricular acupressure on the sleep of the elderly using polysomnography, actigraphy and blood test: Randomized, single-blind, sham control
  Juyon Min, Bomi Kim, Hyojung Park
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2021; 45: 101464.     CrossRef
• The effect of ear acupressure (auriculotherapy) on sexual function of lactating women: protocol of a randomized sham controlled trial
  Sanaz Barghamadi, Zainab Alimoardi, Terry Oleson, Nasim Bahrami
  Trials.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Women With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  Gee Youn Go, Hyojung Park
  Gastroenterology Nursing.2020; 43(2): E24.     CrossRef
• Effect of Auricular Acupressure on Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy
  Nayeon Shin, Jummi Park
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(3): 227.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This research investigated the degree and predictors of hot flashes and hypogonadism symptoms in patients with prostate cancer receiving hormone replacement therapy.
METHODS
The subjects were 111 patients with prostate cancer receiving hormone replacement therapy in two university hospitals located in D city. The measurement tools included Hot Flash Diary and AMS (Aging Male's Symptoms rating scales). The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and binary logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The percentage of patients who experienced hot flashes among the participants was 14.4%. The predictors for hot flashes were eating irregularly, having coffee frequently and the types of hormone. The average score of hypogonadism symptom was 2.16 out of five-point scale and the highest score of hypogonadism symptom was the sexual symptoms (2.77 out of five-point scale). The predictors for hypogonadism symptom were eating habits and years of having the illness.
CONCLUSION
These findings provide the information that irregularly eating habit was an important factor in hot flashes and hypogonadism symptoms of the participants. Therefore the development of a nutritional education encouraging regular meals is necessary for the given population.

Citations

• Knowledge, Health Beliefs and Screening Status of Prostate Cancer among Middle-Aged and Elderly Men
  Eunjoo Lee, Youngsuk Park, Jeongsook Park
  Open Journal of Nursing.2016; 06(09): 672.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a structured preoperative instruction upon anxiety and postoperative self-care compliance.
METHODS
A randomized control group pre-post design was used. Sixty subjects undergoing cataract surgery were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The instruction consisted of cataract surgery procedure, sensory information, deep breathing, use of eye drop, and post op self-care regimen and was provided to the experimental group with control group receiving an usual treatment. State anxiety NRS, pulse, BP, and self-care compliance scale developed by Cho&Rho were used. Data were collected at two time periods: on the day of surgery in the clinic and prior to anesthesia in the operating room. The postoperative self-care compliance scores were measured at their second visits to the hospital after surgery. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
There were significant differences between the two groups in the postoperative state anxiety (t=-3.57, p=.001) and the postoperative self-care compliance score (t=3.92, p<.001). There were no significant difference between the two groups in the postoperative blood pressure and pulse rate.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that the structured preoperative instruction could be a nursing intervention for cataract surgery patients.

Citations

• Effects of Video-Based Information Provision Using a Smart Pad on Patients Undergoing Bone Marrow Biopsy
  Seung Hee Lee, Chul-Gyu Kim, Hye Sook Han, Jihyun Kwon, So Youen Roh, Beom Jin Shin
  Clinical Nursing Research.2021; 30(6): 724.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Pre-operative Information through Audiovisual Media on Self-Care Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and State Anxiety of Patients before Bariatric Surgery
  Ho Im Lee, Jung Suk Park
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(4): 421.     CrossRef
• Effects of Video-centered Nursing Education Program on Anxiety, Uncertainty, and Self-care among Cataract Surgery Patients
  Hyang Hee Jeon, Soo Jin Lee
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(5): 482.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Provision of Information on Anxiety in Patients during Outpatient Surgery: A Systematic Review
  Ae-Ri Jung, In-Sook Lee
  Perspectives in Nursing Science.2016; 13(1): 48.     CrossRef
• Effect of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Anxiety, Cortisol and Pain of Cataract Surgery Patients in Elderly
  Jung-Hae Park, Kwang-Hi Park
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(8): 549.     CrossRef
• Effect of Structured Information on Immediate Preoperative Anxiety and Uncertainty for Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
  Youn Hee Cho, Nami Chun
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2015; 21(4): 321.     CrossRef
• Effects of handholding and providing information on anxiety in patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty
  Bong‐Hee Kim, Hee‐Young Kang, Eun‐Young Choi
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2015; 24(23-24): 3459.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare health promotion behavior, post-traumatic growth and quality of life according to the stages of survivorship in patients with female genital neoplasm.
METHODS
Data were collected from August 1st, 2011 to September 31st 2011 from 142 gynecologic cancer patients who completed treatment or were treated at an out-patient clinic. The instrument were HPLP developed by Walker, Sechrist & Pender, PTGI developed by Tedeschi & Calhoun, and Korean C-QOL.
RESULTS
Health promotion behavior scores were significantly higher in the acute survival stage than the extended survival stage. Post-traumatic growth score was higher in the acute survival stage than the extended survival stage. The quality of life scores were higher in the lasting survival stage than the extended survival stage.
CONCLUSION
Gynecological cancer patients in the extended survival stage reported low scores of health promotion behavior, post-traumatic growth and quality of life. Intervention needed to be developed to improve health promotion behavior, post-traumatic growth and quality of life for patients with female genital neoplasm in the extended survival stage.

Citations

• Impact of Stigma, Social Support, and Resilience on Post-traumatic Growth among Patients with Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Ga-Eul Park, Heekyung Chang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2025; 37(1): 13.     CrossRef
• A Comparative Study of Symptoms, Social Support, and Quality of Life at Different Survival Stages of Lung Cancer Patients
  jinseon Heo, Youngsuk Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2025; 32(1): 128.     CrossRef
• Cancer Coping, Family Support, and Posttraumatic Growth in Female Genital Cancer Patients
  Hee Nam An, Jeong Hye Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2023; 23(1): 38.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Mental Health Problems in Female Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Cohort Study
  So Young Kim, Yeonju Lee, Sang Baek Koh
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(14): 8615.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting the health-promoting behavior of thyroid cancer survivors: comparison by stage of cancer survivorship
  Kyung Ah Park, Sanghee Kim, Eui Geum Oh, Heejung Kim, Hang-Seok Chang, Soo Hyun Kim
  Supportive Care in Cancer.2022; 30(4): 3429.     CrossRef
• Do spouse burden of care, family resilience, and coping affect family function in gynecologic cancer in Korea?: a cross-sectional study
  Minkyung Kim, Sukhee Ahn
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2022; 28(3): 197.     CrossRef
• Unmet Needs and Sexual Distress of Gynecological Cancer Patients according to the Period after Initial Treatment
  Yeon Hee Bae, Jeong Sook Park
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2021; 21(4): 221.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing posttraumatic growth in ovarian cancer survivors
  Jeong Min Oh, Yoonjung Kim, Yeunhee Kwak
  Supportive Care in Cancer.2021; 29(4): 2037.     CrossRef
• Impact of Posttraumatic Growth and Health Promoting Behavior on Quality of Life in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer
  Mi-Ae Kim, Hyun-Ju Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2021; 28(1): 32.     CrossRef
• Posttraumatic Growth and Health Promotion Behavior in Patients with Cancer: The Mediating Effect of Spiritual Well-Being
  Shunji Piao, Pok Ja Oh
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2021; 21(1): 33.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Posttraumatic Growth of Gynecologic Oncology Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
  Sun Jeong Yun, Hye Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 409.     CrossRef
• Mediation Effects of Basic Psychological Needs Between Autonomy Support from Healthcare Providers and Self-Management Among Cancer Survivors
  Eun-Jung Bae, Yun-Hee Kim
  Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2019; 10(6): 385.     CrossRef
• Psychosocial Adjustment in Korean Colorectal Cancer Survivors
  Hyejin Sun, Jia Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(5): 545.     CrossRef
• The Relationship between Post-Traumatic Growth, Trauma Experience and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Nurses
  Sook Lee, Mun Gyeong Gwon, YeonJung Kim
  Korean Journal of Stress Research.2018; 26(1): 31.     CrossRef
• Experience of Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Patients
  Nayeon Shin, Jiyoung Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(3): 158.     CrossRef
• A Comparison of Symptoms, Depression, and Quality of Life according to Stages of Survivorship in Lung Cancer Patients
  Yoon Jung Chae, Jeong Sook Park
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(2): 79.     CrossRef
• Influences of Uncertainty and Social Support on the Quality of Life among Elderly Cancer Patients
  Kyung Ok Kim, Jung A Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(3): 180.     CrossRef
• Aspects of Health-Related Factors and Nutritional Care Needs by Survival Stage among Female Cancer Patients in South Korea
  Yoonsun Lee, Hyunsoo Shin, Eunjoo Bae, Hyunjung Lim, Pei-Yi Chu
  PLOS ONE.2016; 11(10): e0163281.     CrossRef
• Comparison of Distress and Body Image according to the Stages of Cancer Survivorship in Gynecological Cancer Patients
  Jeong Sook Park, Hye Ran Lee
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2014; 14(1): 15.     CrossRef
• The relation between comprehensive health needs of cancer patient and the quality of life
  Hyung-Won Baik, Myung Kim
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2014; 12(12): 477.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Posttraumatic Growth and Meaning in Life on Health Promotion Behavior in Cancer Patients
  Sun-Hee Jang, Hae-Rang Lee, Hyung-Nam Yeu, Soon-Ock Choi
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2014; 14(2): 100.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop a health promotion program for frail elderly nursing home residents, and to analyze the effects of the program.
METHODS
The research was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was performed from February 26, 2012, to April 26, 2012. The subjects were 28 residents for the experimental group, who were selected at A nursing home, D city, in Korea and 27 residents for the control group, who were selected at B nursing home. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA and Cronbach's alpha with SPSS/Win 17.0 program.
RESULTS
There was a significant improvement in health promoting behaviors (F=64.26, p<.001), Lt. Grip strength (F=39.76, p<.001), Rt. Grip strength (F=38.06, p<.001), Static balance (F=3.98, p=.050), TUG (F=18.60, p<.001), oral status (F=26.75, p<.001), depression (F=18.79, p<.001), and subjective health status (F=10.75, p<.002) in the treatment group compared to the comparison group.
CONCLUSION
The health promotion program improved the health promoting behavior, physical fitness, oral status, depression, and subjective health status of the frail elderly nursing home residents. Therefore, health promotion programs for frail elderly nursing home residents could be helpful.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate a distress nursing intervention for relieving psychosocial distress.
METHODS
We developed a twelve-week non-pharmacological distress nursing intervention to decrease distress. This intervention includes cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness based stress reduction, psychoeducation and supportive therapy. The participants were 27 gynecologic cancer patients who agreed to participate in this study, selected by convenience sampling (experimental group-17 and control group-10). The data collection period was performed from November, 8, 2010 to February, 1, 2011. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.
RESULTS
There were no difference between the two groups distress score, distress problem and quality of life. The experimental group had significant higher IL-12 and IFN-gamma and lower TGF-beta between before and after the distress nursing intervention.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that the distress nursing intervention was an effective intervention in improving immunologic function of gynecological cancer patients.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to measure the quality of life (QOL) and to identify the factors influencing QOL in gynecological cancer patients.
METHODS
The subjects of this study were 242 people who were receiving medical therapy or follow-up after surgery from one general hospital in Daegu. Data were collected from August 1, 2010 to January 31, 2011. A questionnaire including questions on QOL, distress score, distress problem, depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived health status and body image were completed by the subjects.
RESULTS
The mean score of QOL was 70.68+/-13.40. Religion, job, presence of spouse, level of education, household income, financial compensation, disease stage and recurrence were the significant factors related to QOL. Distress score, distress problem, depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived health status and body image were also significant factors influencing QOL. Sixty eight percent of the variance in subjective overall QOL can be explained by body image, distress problem, distress score, anxiety, level of education and perceived health status (Cum R2=0.689, F=76.316, p<.001). Body image was the most important factor related to QOL.
CONCLUSION
An integrative care program which includes general, disease-related and psychosocial characteristics of patients is essential to improve QOL in gynecological cancer patients.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of psychosocial intervention on depression, hope and quality of life of home-based cancer patients.
METHODS
The study design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from September 21 to November 13, 2009. The subjects consisted of 81 cancer patients randomly selected who were registered at four public health center in Daegu, Korea. The 39 subjects in the experimental group received a psychosocial intervention and the 42 subjects in the control group received the usual nursing care. The weekly psychosocial Intervention protocol was comprised of health education, stress management, coping skill training and support (60 min) for eight weeks. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program.
RESULTS
Depression (F=23.303, p<.001) scores in the experimental group were significantly less than that of the control group. Further, hope (F=58.842, p<.001) and quality of life (F=31.515, p<.001) scores were significantly higher than those reported by the control group.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that the psychosocial intervention was an effective intervention in decreasing depression and increasing hope and quality of life of home-based cancer patients.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop an algorithm for preventing and managing of pressure ulcer and to verify the its appropriateness. METHODS: The first step was development of a pre-algorithm through a literature review and expert opinion. The second step was to establish content validity by submitting the algorithm questionnaires about the content to 12 experts. The third step was the revision of the algorithm. The fourth and last step was to establish the clinical validity of the algorithm with 25 experienced nurses. RESULTS: For the ease of the practitioner the algorithm for prevention and the management of pressure ulcers was confined to one page depicting the main algorithm pathway and seven stepwise guidelines. The guidelines included skin care of pressure ulcer prevention, mechanical loading care, support surface care , reposition care of pressure ulcer, and Stages II, III and IV explanations along with debridement/wound irrigation and infection control. Most of all algorithm courses chosen more than 80% of agreement by expert index of content validity. The usefulness, appropriateness, and convenience of the algorithm were demonstrated through clinical validity with intensive care unit and ward nurses. CONCLUSION: The algorithm will improve the quality of pressure ulcer nursing care as it provides a model for decision making for clinical nurses as well as providing consistent and integrated nursing care for patients with pressure ulcer throughout an institution.

PURPOSE
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of TENS on pain and pulmonary function of post-lobectomy patients with lung cancer.
METHODS
The study data collection was done from February 4, 2008 to February 7, 2009. The subjects were assigned at random to the experimental group and control group with 20 subjects in each group. The experimental group was measured for pain and pulmonary function after surgery and then again after applying TENS 100 Hz frequency and 40 mA output for 20 minutes. The control group was measured the same as the experimental group except applying sham TENS.
RESULTS
The pain score of the experimental group which had TENS applied revealed that there were more significant reductions than the control group which had sham TENS applied. There was no significant difference with the number of times of receiving analgesics between the experimental and control group. The effect of TENS on pulmonary function was significantly different between the experimental group and the control group on VC 2 hours after surgery. There was no significant difference between FVC and FEV1.
CONCLUSION
The findings of the study indicate that the TENS is effective in easing the pain of patients after a lobectomy.

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to develop a timeout protocol as the process of patients verification in the operating room, and to evaluate its effects. METHODS: The timeout protocol was developed based on the experience of practices and the universal protocol of JCAHO 2004. The subjects of this study were 192 surgical members working in the operating room at an university hospital in Daegu, Korea. RESULTS: The timeout protocol was developed in six steps; participants verification, encouragement of compliance, verification of right 3 PSP, agreement of surgical team members, verification of the parties to a patient, patient agreement. The data which have been resulted from the experimental group show significantly higher than those of control group as follows; cognition(t = -6.580, p = .000), contents of performance; progress of anesthesiologist as leader(chi-square = 29.029, p = .000), verification of right patient, right site and right procedure(chi-square = 40.663, p = .000), participation of surgical team(chi-square = 68.412, p = .000), and the number of cases of performance(chi-square = 242.900, p = .000). CONCLUSION: It suggests that medical accidents caused by failures in a preoperative verification process can be prevented if a timeout is conducted active involvement and effective communication among surgical team members for a final verification of the correct patient, procedure, and site.

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to test the effects of music therapy on postoperative pain in patients with total hip replacement.
METHOD
The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were composed of thirty patients with total hip replacement. Fifteen of them were assigned to the experimental group and fifteen to the control group. Fifteen minutes tailored music therapy was given to the experimental group during five consecutive days. The instruments used for this study were pain NRS(numerical rating scale). The data were analyzed using percent, mean, standard deviation, chi-square-test and repeated measure ANOVA using SPSS WIN 11.0.
RESULTS
Hypothesis 1 "The score of pain NRS of experimental group will be lower than those of control group" was accepted(F=15.945, p<.001). Hypothesis 2 "The frequency of PCA analgesics of experimental group will be fewer than those of control group" was accepted (t=-2.312, p=.028). Hypothesis 3 "The vital signs(pulse, systolic BP and diastolic BP) of experimental group will be different from those of control group" was rejected.
CONCLUSION
This music therapy can be recommended as an efficient nursing intervention to reduce postoperative pain in patients with total hip replacement.

PURPOSE
To identify the agreed opinion of experts on oriental health promotion services and nursing in Korea.
METHOD
The study is based on the 3-round Delphi method. As a Delphi panel, a total of 28 people with at least three years of experience in the area of oriental medicine consisted of this.
RESULTS
The experts suggested that Yangsaeng, lectures on prevention of CVA, correct understanding of the misuse/abuse of oriental medicine, daily health care, meridian/acupoints massage, and Kigong therapy should be included in the promoting oriental health nursing servies.
CONCLUSION
The agreed opinions by the experts on the oriental health promotion services and nursing, can help enhance the understanding of oriental health promotion. The curriculum should be developed further and tested with the development of the Korean oriental nursing intervention methods which is appropriate to Korean culture.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identity the effects of a health promotion program for rural elderly people on self efficacy, health problems, farmers syndrome and quality of life.
METHOD
The study was a nonequivalent control group pre-post experimental design. The data collection was performed from April 12th, 2003 to August 2nd, 2003. The subjects were selected at Mari Myun Geochang Gun in Korea. Forty-four elders were included in the experimental group and 45 elders were included in the control group. The 16-week health promotion program was given to the experimental group. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square-test, t-test, paired t-test with SPSS/Win 10.0 program.
RESULT
The experimental group showed a lower scores of health problems and farmers syndrome than the control group, and higher scores of quality of life than the control group. There were no significant differences in self efficacy.
CONCLUSION
From the above results, it can be concluded that the health promotion program for rural elderly is an effective intervention for improving the rural elderly's quality of life and reducing health problems and farmer's syndrome. Therefore, development of strategy that can spread the health promotion program for rural elderly to the elderly of other rural areas are needed.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study were to: (1) describe the individual characteristics, perceived health status, body image, and health promoting behaviors of staff nurses working in a metropolitan hospital and (2) determine the relationship of perceived health status, body image, and health promoting behaviors. METHODS: Data were collected from 311 staff nurses working at one of university affiliated hospitals using a self-administered questionnaire for perceived health status(SF 36 V2), body image(BAQ), and health promoting behaviors (HPLP-II) and using the report of year 2002 employee physical check-up results for health related characteristics. RESULTS: Most of nurses were within the normal range of BMI, total cholesterol, and liver enzymes but 42.2% had systolic BP above 120mmHg and 37.3% hemoglobin below 12g/dL. Although 96.4% of BMI score indicated 'underweight' or 'normal', 'feeling fat' showed the highest. Among health promoting behaviors the most frequently reported one was spiritual growth and the least one was engagement in physical activity. In the correlational analysis, health promoting behaviors had the positive relationships with perceived health status, vitality, mental health, attractiveness, strength and fitness (p=.000 - .004). CONCLUSION: These findings provide information that is relevant in designing interventions to enhance health promoting behaviors among nurses working in a hospital.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to compare spiritual well-being and perceived health status between Korean and Korean-American and to provide basic data that might develop comprehensive health care program including spiritual dimension.
METHOD
The subject of the study were 411 adults chosen from religious organization located in Gyeongsang Province, Korea and Chicago, U.S.A.. The instruments used in the study were Spiritual Well-being Scale by Paloutizian and Ellison and Health Self Rating Scale by North Illinois University. Analysis of data was done by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANCOVA, ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS program.
RESULT
1) The mean score of spiritual well-being of Korean was 3.17 and Korean-American was 2.63, there was significant difference between two groups. 2) Perceived health status of Korean was 2.37 and perceived health status of Korean-American was 2.54, there was significant difference between two groups.
CONCLUSION
According to this study, it is important to take into considerations spiritual aspects and cultural and environmental elements in developing the comprehensive health care program.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on anxiety and depression of the hospice patients.
METHOD
It was devised with a quasi- experimental design using non-equivalent control group pre-post design. The data was from July 10 to September 25 in 2000 at the general hospital in CheonJu city. Subjects were 37 members of the experimental group and 30 members of the control. The tools were used Spielberger's State Anxiety Scale and Zung's Depression Inventory. The spiritual nursing intervention was carried out through Hymn, Scripture, Prayer, the therapeutic ues of self. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, x2-test, t-test.
RESULT
1. After the spiritual nursing intervention, state anxiety of the experimental group was lower than those of the control (t=-5.987, p=0.000). 2. After the spiritual nursing intervention, depression of the experimental group were lower than those of the control (t=-9.128, p=0.000).
CONCLUSION
The hospice patients who were offered spiritual nursing intervention had lower anxiety and depression than not offered it. According to these results, it can be regarded as an effective one that relieved anxiety and depression of the hospice patients.

PURPOSE
This study is aimed at testing the effect of health promotion program on health promoting behavior and cardiovascular risk factors of middle-aged women.
METHOD
The research design was the nonequivalent control group pre-post test. Twelve middle-aged women were the experimental group and ten were the control group. The 8-week health promotion program was given to the experimental group. There were health promotion theories, flexibility and muscle strength exercise, cardiopulmonary endurance exercise, nutrition, stress management, cancer prevention and early detection, management of menopause and wrap-up in health promotion program for middle-aged women. The measurement tool was Health Promoting Behavior developed by researcher using serum cholesterol, obesity rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure as cardiovascular risk factors.
RESULT
The experimental group showed a higher score of health promoting behavior than the control group. There were no differences on cardiovascular risk factors(cholesterol, obesity rate, diastolic blood pressure) between the experimental and control groups except systolic blood pressure.
CONCLUSION
Conclusively, this health promotion program for middle-aged women was effective in increasing health promotion behaviors, but wasn't effective in decreasing cardiovascular risk factors except the systolic blood pressure. It seems it's necessary to re-study this using more samples and a longer duration of the program, and smaller mortality rate.

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of in the level of pain, depression, and quality of life by coping strategy in the chronic arthritis patients.
METHOD
These data were collected by means of a self-reported questionnaire from 90 chronic arthritis patients undergoing treatment at a university hospital in Daegu city from June 10, 2000 to July 15, 2000. The instruments of study were coping strategy scale by Jeon(1985), pain scale by Lee and Song(1987), depression scale by Radloff(1977) and quality of life scale by Cho(1987). Data analysis was done by SPSS Win 10.0 program and Pearson correlation, t-test, Cronbach's-alpha were used.
RESULT
The results of this study were as follows: 1. The item mean score of pain for chronic arthritis patient was 6.54. The item mean score of depression for chronic arthritis patient was 2.18. The item mean score of quality of life for chronic arthritis patient was 5.69. 2. The chronic arthritis patients with problem-focused coping experienced pain higher than those with emotion-focused coping(t=o.400, p=o.o45). The chronic arthritis patients with emotion-focused coping experienced depression higher than those with problem-focused coping(t=-2.564, p=0.012). The chronic arthritis patients with problem-focused coping experienced quality of life higher than emotion-focused coping(t=-1.682, p=0.046).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion this study showed that any coping strategy can control the arthritis patient's problem. Therfore, The development of a coping strategy to reduce pain and depression and improve the quality of life in the chronic arthritis patient will be needed.

PURPOSE
This study is aimed at showing the effect of work-site health promotion programs for health promoting behavior, cholesterol, and quality of life of middle-aged workers.
METHOD
Thirty-one middle-aged workers were the experimental group and thirty-one were the control group. The 8-week work-site health promotion program was given to the experimental group. After this, health promoting behavior, cholesterol and quality of life were measured by questionnaires for the experimental and control groups. Health promotion theory, flexibility and muscle strength, aerobic exercise, nutrition, stress management, cancer prevention and early detection, smoking and alcohol problems, and summary lecture were all included in the 8-week work-site health promotion program. Health promoting behavior was measured by Park's HPBS, cholesterol was measured by enzyme method, and quality of life was measured by Ro's QOL.
RESULT
The experimental group showed a higher score of health promoting behavior than the control group. There were no differences on cholesterol and quality of life between the experimental and control groups.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary that nurses provide middle-aged workers with work-site health promotion programs to improve health promoting behavior. It's necessary also to re-study this with the pre-post research design.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of cancer prevention and early detection education on cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, and preventive health behavior of middle-aged women in Korea. The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 38 middle-aged women from a church in Taegu. An Experimental group of 19 and a control group of 19 women were studied. The study was conducted from September 21, 2000 to October 27, 2000. The cancer prevention and early detection education had been provided to the experimental group for 2 weeks. The contents of the education program for the third most prevalent cancer of Korean women were: 'the risk factors of cancer', 'the early symptoms of cancer', 'the diagnostic test for cancer detection', and 'the cancer prevention methods'. The instruments used for this study were modified, cancer-related knowledge, and attitude, preventive health behavior tools of Suh et al.(1998). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, X2-test, t-test, ANCOVA with SPSS WIN 9.0/PC. The results were as follows: 1) Hypothesis 1 that the women who get cancer prevention and early detection education will have higher scores of the cancer-related knowledge than the women do not get cancer prevention and early detection education was accepted(F=4.732, p=.037). 2) Hypothesis 2 that the women who get cancer prevention and early detection education will have higher scores of cancer-related attitudes than the women do not get cancer prevention and early detection education was rejected(F=.118, p=.733). 3) Hypothesis 3 that the women who get cancer prevention and early detection education will have higher scores of cancer-related preventive health behavior than the women who do not get cancer prevention and early detection education was rejected(F=2.250, p=.143). On the basis of the above findings, the following recommendations are suggested: 1)It is necessary to identify the variables affected on cancer-related knowledge, attitudes and preventive health behavior. 2) It is necessary to develop a well organized cancer prevention and early detection education program to change cancer-related attitude and preventive health behavior.

This study was conducted to compare activities of daily living, fatigue and depression between rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy persons. The subjects consisted of 53 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 53 healthy persons at a university hospital in Daegu City. Data were collected by means of structured interviews with questionnaires from July 20, 1999 to August 25, 1999. The instrument used in this study were the activities of daily living scale developed by Katz et al. (1970) and Barthel(1973), Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue by Belza et al.(1995) and CES-D(Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) scale. Analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, MANCOVA and Duncan with the SPSS program. The major findings are summarized as follows: 1. The first hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patients will have a lower degree of activities of daily living than the healthy persons was supported (F=4.584, p=.035). 2. The second hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patient will have a higher degree of fatigue than the healthy persons was supported (F=7.799, p=.006). 3. The third hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patients will have a higher degree of depression than the healthy persons was supported (F=4.768, p=.031). With the above results, it can be concluded that rheumatoid arthritis patients had a lower degree of activities of daily living and a higher degree of fatigue and depression than the healthy persons. Therefore, by providing appropriate nursing intervention, activities of daily living would be much better and fatigue and depression would be alleviated.