Purpose
Cancer survivors face a high risk of developing secondary cancers; thus, they should consider their primary cancer experiences as signals to adopt secondary cancer-preventive behaviors. This study examined the mediating effect of perceived threat in the relationship between cue to action and such behaviors and identified the gender effect as a moderator in breast and colorectal cancer survivors. Methods: A total of 505 cancer survivors (253 with breast cancer and 252 with colorectal cancer) participated in this study. These participants were involved in cancer-related physical activities at the outpatient oncology clinic of a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. Participants completed structured, self-administered questionnaires, and a PROCESS macro was utilized to analyze the mediating effect of perceived threat. Results: Cue to action positively affected perceived threat (B=0.38, p <.001). Additionally, both cue to action (B=0.20, p=.047) and perceived threat (B=1.28, p<.001) positively influenced secondary cancer-preventive behaviors. In the relationship between cue to action and these behaviors, perceived threat explained 30.0% of the variance. Gender was supported as a moderator in the relationship between cue to action and perceived threat. A bootstrap analysis confirmed the mediating effect of perceived threat. Conclusion: Perceived threat can help cancer survivors understand the risk and seriousness of secondary cancer, thereby strengthening the relationship between cue to action and secondary cancer-preventive behaviors. Healthcare providers should provide accurate information as a cue to cancer survivors, enabling them to recognize the risk of secondary cancer.

Citations

• Factors impacting breast cancer survivors' performance of annual follow-up mammograms: A nationally representative study.
  Safa Elkefi, Alicia K. Matthews
  Patient Education and Counseling.2025; 130: 108428.     CrossRef
• Chinese undergraduates' mental health help-seeking behavior: the health belief model
  Haojing Wang, Zhuowen Feng, Zitong Zheng, Jiachen Yang
  Frontiers in Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was to develop and test a theoretical model based on the revised health belief model explaining osteoporosis prevention behaviors among postmenopausal women under 65.
METHODS
This secondary data analysis included 342 postmenopausal women under 65 from original data sources of a total of 734 women. The measured instruments were scales for osteoporosis awareness, osteoporosis health belief scale (benefit, barrier, susceptibility, severity, and health motivation), self-efficacy, and osteoporosis prevention behaviors. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 and AMOS 20.0.
RESULTS
The mean age of the subjects was 55.2 years and the mean age of menopause was 51.10. The hypothetical model of osteoporosis prevention behaviors was relatively fit. Osteoporosis prevention behaviors were significantly explained up to 62% by expectation factors (relative benefit, self-efficacy, health motivation) and modifying factors(knowledge only). Expectation factors of health belief had a mediation effect between modifying factors and prevention behaviors.
CONCLUSION
This study partially supported the revised health belief model for explaining osteoporosis prevention behaviors. It provides a basis for developing an educational program focusing on expectation factors and knowledge with the aim of behavioral changes for osteoporosis prevention.

Citations

• Determinants of Intention Toward Dementia-Preventive Behaviors Among Middle-Aged Korean Adults
  Won-Hee Choi, Yeong-Mi Seo
  The International Journal of Aging and Human Development.2022; 95(1): 57.     CrossRef
• A preliminary study on the effects of an osteoporosis prevention program based on an Information-Motivation-Behavioral skill model in older adult women: A cluster randomized controlled trial
  Yeongsuk Lee, Dong-Hee Kim
  Geriatric Nursing.2022; 45: 55.     CrossRef
• Effects of a health-belief-model-based osteoporosis- and fall-prevention program on women at early old age
  Sukhee Ahn, Jiwon Oh
  Applied Nursing Research.2021; 59: 151430.     CrossRef
• The Factors Influencing Intention of Dementia Prevention Behavior in Adults with Hypertension or Diabetes
  Yeong-Mi Seo, Nam Joo Je, Eun Sook Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(4): 481.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Health Behavior of Osteoporosis and Fall Prevention in Old Aged Women
  Sukhee Ahn, Jiwon Oh
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2018; 24(2): 209.     CrossRef
• A Study on the Effect of Info Seeking on Breast Cancer Screening Intention: Focusing on HBM and Autonomous Motives
  Yunhee Ku, Ghee Young Noh
  Journal of Digital Contents Society.2018; 19(7): 1381.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify health beliefs and knowledge related to hepatitis A vaccination (HAV). Preventative behaviors related to HAV were also examined.
METHODS
The convenience sample of 332 students were drawn from a university in Chung-nam province. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffetest, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS for Windows 21.0 software.
RESULTS
Vaccination rates for hepatitis A were 23.4%. The mean scores of health beliefs, knowledge and preventative behaviors related to hepatitis A were 2.38+/-0.25, 0.34+/-0.30, and 3.15+/-0.40 respectively. The factors found to be related to hepatitis A preventative behaviors were HAV, having the HAV antibody and health beliefs.
CONCLUSION
An experience of HAV, having HAV antibody, and positive health beliefs related to hepatitis A may be necessary to increase voluntary hepatitis A preventive behaviors among university students. It is essential to develop the strategy of educating university students about HAV and having HAV antibody as well as reinforcing health beliefs about hepatitis A which prevent the hepatitis A occurrence.

Citations

• The Influence of Knowledge and Health Beliefs about Gestational Diabetes on Breastfeeding Intention of Women with Gestational Diabetes
  Seungmi Park, Deulle Min, Jiyeon Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(4): 427.     CrossRef
• Hepatic Failure Due to Hepatitis E Virus Infection in a Patient with Necrotic Hepatocellular Carcinoma
  Ji Hye Kim, Young Seok Doh, Ji Woong Jang, Min Seok Kang, Nak Min Kim, Sae Hee Kim, Il Hyun Baek, Sung Hee Jung
  Journal of Liver Cancer.2019; 19(1): 55.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to investigate factors related to middle-aged women's health beliefs and their intention to practice health behaviors for preventing and improving hypertension.
METHODS
The participants were 319 middle-aged(40-59 years) women who lived G city. Data was collected from January to February, 2005. Personal interviews were performed. The data was analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's multiple comparison test and hierarchial multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS
Perceived susceptibility of health belief was high in those who had higher educational level, disease history and health education experience, significantly(p<0.05). Perceived seriousness was high in those who had higher educational level, middle economic status and health education experience, significantly(p<0.05). Perceived benefits was high in those who had higher educational level and perceived barriers was low in those who had disease history and hypertension, significantly(p<0.05). The subject's intention to practice health behaviors was significantly high in those who were younger, who had higher educational level and menopausal status(p<0.05). In hierarchial multiple regression analysis, the subject's intention was related to perceived seriousness, perceived benefit and educational level, significantly(p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
It is necessary to develope the education programs which can increase the subject's health belief and intention to practice health behaviors towards hypertension in middle-aged women.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to different stages of mammography screening based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) and health belief model (HBM). METHOD: 143 women were recruited from community centers in W city. The mean age was 44.08 (SD=7.78) and 74 (51.7%) had experienced education on preventative behavior related to breast cancer. The Decisional Balance Scale (Pros and Cons of mammography) and Stages of Adoption of Mammography Scale by Rakowski et al. (1992) and the revised Health Belief Model Scale (Perceived Seriousness, Perceived Susceptibility and Health Motivation) by Champion (1993) were used. RESULTS: According to the stage of adoption of mammography, 17.4% of the women were in pre-contemplation, 45.5% in contemplation, 24.5% in action, and 12.6% in maintenance. The mean differences for pros, and the decisional balances between the stages of mammography adoption were significant (F=8.84, p=.000; F=7.20, p=.000). Education related to prevention of breast cancer was the most important variable. Prevention education, history of breast disease and pros of mammography explained the stages of mammography adoption (R2=26%).
CONCLUSION
Findings support TTM as a useful tool for improving mammography adherence. Behavioral interventions that target decisional balance and health belief can effectively promote adherence to mammography.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this correlational study was to identify relationships among job stress, health beliefs and health behaviors of aircrews and contributing factors to aircrew's health promoting behaviors.
METHOD
Two-hundred twenty-four aircrew members completed questionnaires. The questionnaires were composed of a demographic form, health behavior scale, self-efficacy scale, perceived benefit scale, perceived barrier scale, job demand scale, and latitude scale.
RESULT
The subject's health behavior has shown significant correlations with self-efficacy, benefit, and barrier. Significant negative correlations were found between job stress and self-efficacy. Relationships between job stress and barriers were also statistically significant. In demographic features, statistically significant difference were found between subject's rank and job stress score. Also, there was a significant difference between health behavior and the subject's age.
CONCLUSION
Future efforts should focus on the development of a program to consider aircrew's perceived benefits, perceived barriers and self-efficacy to the compliance of health promoting behaviors.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify predicting factors of the performance of breast self-examination (BSE) among Korean middle-aged women based upon the Health Belief Model.
METHOD
A descriptive design was used for this study. A total of 309 convenience samples were recruited from Yonsu-Gu, Inchon. The Champion's Health Belief Model Scale was used to measure the health belief related variables of susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, confidence, and health motivation. The performance of BSE asked of it was as ever or never performed during the last year. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics, x2-test, t-test, and logistic regression.
RESULT
Results showed that 32% had ever BSE last year. Age and BSE education among demographic characteristics were significantly associated with the performance of BSE. Thus, these demographic variables were added to the logistic regression analyses with the health belief variables. As a result, age, BSE education, health motivation, and confidence significantly explained the performance of BSE.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that it is important that the development of BSE educational programs increase confidence and motivation, particularly for middle aged-Korean women.

This study was made to identify compliance in self-medication, and factors influencing the self-medication of pulmonary TB patients. Self-medication of pulmonary TB patients is a very important factor for the cure of the patients. In this study, variables were used from three theories of health behavior. These were the Health Belief Model, Health Locus of Control, Theory of Planned Behavior. These were included to examine their effect on self-medication. Data were collected during the period from July 1 to August 20, 1994 using a structured questionnaire. And they were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Regression analysis using the SAS program. The result were as follows : 1. The mean on the self-medication scores ranging from 6.0 to 12.0 was 10.93. The mean for the self-evaluation scores of the self-medication ranging from 50.0 to 100.0 was 86.51. 2. There were significant associations between the scores on self-medication and age(F=2.34, p=0.033), and method of treatment(F=4.65, P=0.018). And there were significant associations between the self-evaluation scores of self-medication and age (F=3.79, P=0.000), and presence of TB patients among family(F=4.92, P=0.000). 3. (a) The relationship between the scores on self-medication and perceived barrier in health belief revealed a significant correlation(r=-.2046, p=0.0082). (b) The relationship between the scores on self-medication and other-dependency in LOC revealed a significant correlation(r=0.2322, p=0.0018). (c) The relationship between the self-evaluation score of self-medication and other-dependency in LOC revealed a significant correlation(r=0.1946, p=0.0122). (d) The relationship between the attitude in self-medication of the subjects and the self-evaluation score of self-medication revealed a significant correlation(r=0.2102, p=0.0066). 4. (a) 14.8% of the score of compliance in self-medication of the subjects was explained by five variables : Behavioral Intention, Duration of Treatment, Age, Perceived Sensitivity and Perceived Sensitivity and Perceived Barrier. (b) 8.7% of the score of self-evaluation of self-medication was explained by three variables : Perceived Control, Perceived Sensitivity, and Age. In conclusion : This study provides insights and information which may be valuable for motivation and instruction to improve compliance in self-medication among pulmonary TB patients.