Purpose This study aimed to examine the relationship among professor-student interactions, grit, and adaptation to college life.
Methods In this quantitative, cross-sectional study, participants completed a structured questionnaire comprising 48 items: 8 on general characteristics, 8 on professor-student interactions, 12 on grit, and 20 on adaptation to college life. Data were collected from 165 nursing students at two four-year universities between April 15 and May 20, 2023.
Results Professor-student interactions had a mean score of 3.76±0.59 out of 5, grit had a mean score of 3.09±0.53, and adaptation to college life had a mean score of 3.48±0.51. Regression analysis identified significant predictors of adaptation to college life, including professor-student interactions (β=.26, p<.001), grit-perseverance of effort (β=.18, p=.047), and satisfaction with the major, with the "very satisfied" (β=.40, p<.001) and "satisfied" (β=.24, p=.002) categories showing significant impacts. The overall regression model was statistically significant (F=20.76, p<.001) and accounted for 32.5% of the variance in adaptation to college life.
Conclusion Educational programs designed to strengthen professor-student interactions, enhance grit, and improve satisfaction with one's major should be developed to help nursing students adapt to college life. These findings have important implications for nursing education practices, the improvement of student support systems, and the preparation of students for their professional roles.
Purpose This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model which explains the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors using the family resilience model suggested by McCubbin and McCubbin. Methods The study participants were 242 breast cancer survivors who had finished active treatments within the past five years. Data were collected from September to October 2017 from an offline breast cancer self-help group survey and an online breast cancer support group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 and AMOS version 23.0. Results The model fit indices for the modified hypothetical model were suitable for the recommended level: x2 =223.80 (df=88, p<.001), x2 /df=2.54, RMR=.04, GFI=.90, IFI=.93, CFI=.93, and RMSEA=.08. Symptoms and posttraumatic growth directly affected psychosocial adjustment. Symptoms were found to be the most influential factors in the psychosocial adjustment. All three family resilience factors-family hardiness, problem-solving communication, and problem-solving coping-directly affected posttraumatic growth and indirectly affected psychosocial adjustment through posttraumatic growth. These variables explained 81.2% of breast cancer survivors’ psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion Health care professionals need to continue to provide interventions for symptom relief and support to improve the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors. Additionally, practical nursing interventions should be prepared for individuals and families of breast cancer survivors to promote recovery and reinforce family resilience. This will ultimately improve the quality of life for breast cancer survivors and their families.
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Purpose This study aimed to identify variables influencing the sexual adjustment of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in order to establish a structural model and intervention strategy for improving patients’ sexual adjustment. Methods Participants were 179 patients who received follow-up care after undergoing radical prostatectomy at two university hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected from July to November, 2017 using structured questionnaires. The exogenous variables were urinary symptoms and age, and the endogenous variables were sexual function, self-esteem, depression, couple intimacy, and sexual adjustment. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results The goodness-of-fit measures of the final hypothetical model were satisfactory, as follows: χ2 /df=2.68, GFI=.91, CFI=.90, RMSEA=.09, SRMR=.07. Sexual function, self-esteem, and couple intimacy had direct and total effects on sexual adjustment in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, and age had only an indirect effect. These variables explained 66.5% of sexual adjustment among patients. Urinary symptoms and depression did not show any significant effects, however. Conclusion To improve sexual adjustment in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, it is imperative to establish active and effective nursing interventions to strengthen their sexual function, self-esteem, and couple intimacy, considering their age.
Purpose To investigate the relationship between stigma, adjustment, and quality of life of middle-aged male patients with lung cancer and the influences of those factors on the patients’ quality of life. Methods A descriptive survey design was used. A total of 120 male patients between 45 to 64 years participated in the study. They answered a self-reported survey composed of Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale, Korean Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, and The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale-General Version 4. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, stepwise multiple regression by the SPSS 25 version. Results The stigma showed a positive correlation with “helplessness-hopelessness” and “anxious preoccupation” (r=.30, p=.001; r=.41, p<.001, respectively), and a negative correlation with emotional well-being (r=-.24, p=.008).
“Helplessness-hopelessness” and “anxious preoccupation” were negatively correlated with quality of life (r=-.61, p<.001; r=-.46, p<.001, respectively). “Fatalism”, “fighting spirit”, and “cognitive avoidance” showed positive correlations with quality of life (r=.37, p<.001; r=.42, p<.001; r=.19, p=.035, respectively). Factors influencing quality of life by multiple regression were identified as helpless-hopelessness, fatalism, performance status, and anxious preoccupation (F=35.76, p<.001, Adjusted R2 =54%). Conclusion Maximizing positive adjustment response and improving performance status were effective in improving quality of life of middle-aged male patients with lung cancer. The development of nursing interventions focusing on psychological adjustment and physical activity should be warranted for the given patient population.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the supportive care needs and quality of life of back-to-work breast cancer survivors, and determine the factors that affect their quality of life. METHODS Data were collected from 146 patients who had undergone surgery and treatment for breast cancer at Konyang University Hospital in Daejeon city and were receiving outpatient care from December 21, 2017 to November 30, 2018. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program with descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, the Duncan test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. RESULTS Back-to-work breast cancer survivors show higher physical and mental health indices, which reflect quality of life, when they have fewer physical supportive care needs. Additionally, their physical and mental health indices based on the characteristics of the illness differed according to the cancer stage. CONCLUSION It is necessary to develop and test the effectiveness of health education programs that meet the supportive care needs and improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors returning to work.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the factors involved in psychosocial adjustment of hemodialysis patients. METHODS This correlational, cross-sectional study included 172 hemodialysis patients from 11 different nephrology clinics. Data was collected from May to August 2018 using a structured questionnaire including patient' characteristics, uncertainty, social support, coping, and psychosocial adjustment. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple linear regression. RESULTS The total score for psychosocial adjustment was 406.23±44.58 out of a maximum of 700. Psychosocial adjustment had a statistically significant relationship with occupation(t=−3.88, p < .001) and albumin (t=−2.06, p=.041). Furthermore, uncertainty (r=.45, p < .001), social support (r=−.37, p < .001), and coping (r=−.31, p < .001) were significantly correlated with psychosocial adjustment. Stepwise multiple linear regression demonstrated that uncertainty, having an occupation, social support, and being women explained 35.4% of the variance in psychosocial adjustment. CONCLUSION Uncertainty was found to have the largest influence on psychosocial adjustment, followed by occupation, social support, and gender. It is necessary to develop a detailed intervention that considers all these factors to promote psychosocial adjustment of patients with hemodialysis. Furthermore, the importance of the psychosocial adjustment of chronic illness needs to be stressed in nursing education.
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PURPOSE This study was to explore and describe their experience of living with a colostomy. METHODS The data were collected by in-depth interviews with eight patients with colorectal cancer. The individual interviews lasted from 45 minutes to one hour each time, up to two times. The main questions were “How do you cope with the distress related to your colostomy?†The interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. RESULTS Of the eight participants, five were men and three were women. Mean age was 60.6 years. Three theme clusters were identified; ‘overcoming adversity of ostomy’, and ‘adjustment to ostomy’ and ‘new life through self-transcendence’. CONCLUSION These results showed that participants try to overcome their negative images and distress of having an ostomy by themselves, or with support from neighbors, families, religious persons or health professionals. The results from this study can help nurses to develop effective colostomy-caring interventions for patients living with a colostomy.
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PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships among the sense of control, social support, depression and nursing home adjustment, and to identify the influencing factors of nursing home adjustment in nursing home residents. METHODS The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected from May to June of 2010 using structured questionnaires from 212 elderly residents without dementia from 15 nursing homes. RESULTS The levels of nursing home adjustment depended on the self-rated health, the voluntary institutionalization, and the length of stay. The nursing home adjustment was significantly correlated with a sense of control, social support and depression. The five most influential factors affecting adjustment were self-rated health, placement decision maker, the length of stay, a sense of control and depression, which explained about 51.5% of the variances. CONCLUSION The findings reflect the importance of voluntary institutionalization, a sense of control, avoiding depressive mood and social support which facilitate residents' adjustment. These results can provide guidance for nursing interventions to facilitate nursing home adjustment.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between fatigue and other variables(perceived health status, marital adjustment and stress), and define the main factors influencing fatigue in middle aged women. METHODS Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 212 middle aged women. Data analysis was done with the SPSS 11.0 pc+ program for descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS The mean score of fatigue was 2.30(+/-0.46), perceived health status was 2.82(+/-0.68), marital adjustment was 2.86(+/-0.44), and stress was 2.43(+/-0.61). There were significant correlations between fatigue and the other variables(r=.56-.21, p=.00). The major factors that affect fatigue in middle aged women were stress, perceived health status, and marital adjustment, which explained 35.2% of fatigue. CONCLUSION These variables have an effect on middle aged women's fatigue. Therefore, these findings can provide the basis for the development of nursing interventions to manage fatigue.
PURPOSE This research was done to establish a theoretical foundation for the adjustment process of patients with hemophilia. METHOD For this study, 14 patients with hemophilia participated. The data was collected through the in-depth interviews and analysed in terms of Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology. RESULT The core category was identified with "uncertainty". The adjustment process was classified into two stages: the 'unstable stage' before the moment they learn about the Hemophilia Foundation and the 'stable stage' since then. The two stages were further divided into four groups, namely 'the stage of isolation ', 'the stage of maintaining survival', 'the stage of pursuing hope', 'the stage of ambivalence'. The categories of these stages include a series of subcategories to describe the adjustment of patients. The quality of life for these patients has increasingly improved based on support from hemophiliac organizations. But due to the uncertainty of disease, the patients have four stages of adjustment process from the stage of isolation to that of ambivalence and might turn to feedback. CONCLUSION Therefore the nursing interventions reflecting adjustment process of patients with hemophilia should be developed.
Social readjustment is very important in rehabilitation of stroke survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of social readjustment and related factors in stroke survivors. Especially, to find the most useful predictor for social readjustment is a major point of this research. The study included 254 outpatients who were given follow-up care after discharge from. Occupational rehabilitation and resumption of the perceived meaningful social activity prios to the stroke were used to measure social readjustment. The resumptions of first meaningful social activity was the best predictor for life satisfaction in stroke survivors(r=.245, p<.01). The substance of perceived meaningful social activities were job, meeting with friends, hobby and activities for the family. The sum of meaningful social activities (r=.175, p<.01) and occupational rehabilitation (r=.116, p<.05) were significantly related to life satisfaction. There were significant difference in IADL, depression and life satisfaction according to resumption of meaningful social activity. But, occupational rehabilitation was not related to depression. The level of social readjustment was different between occupational rehabilitation and resumption of meaningful social activity. It was 45.7% in the first meaningful social activity and 36.6% in occupational rehabilitation. The related factors with resumption of the first meaningful social activity were that of IADL, depression, illness intrusiveness and cognitive function. And the level of IADL, illness intrusiveness, cognitive function, and age were significantly related to occupational rehabilitation. In conclusion, we suggest that the resumption of the first meaningful activity in stroke survivors is the best predictor of social rehabilitation. Thus, nurses need to work for resumption of meaningful activity as well as occupational rehabilitation.
The purpose of this study was to understand and describe how people with kidney transplantation experience using grounded theory method. Purposeful sampling was employed. Total of 20 kidney recipients participated in the study. To collect the data 11 individual in-depth interviewes and two focus group interviews were utilized. Each interview took about one hour, ranging from one to three hours and were audio-taped under the permission of the participants. All interviewes were transcribed to analyze. The results of the study show three stages of life process after kidney transplantation; 1) honeymoon stage, 2) anxiety and depression stage: 3) recovery and stable stage. In the honeymoon stage, all kidney recipients were exhilerated after the operation. They were happy receiving healthy kidney from others, often from beloved families. In the anxiety and depression stage, however, they experienced numerous psychosocial problems mainly due to the health, interpersonal, financial, and physical appearance problems. In the recovery and stable stage, they came out from the psychosocial problems by viewing their situation more objectively and by using many effective coping strategies to imporve their quality of life. Nine strategies which were identified as significant are 1) complying therapeutic regimens, 2) seeking information, 3) keeping their own job, 4) restricting social activities, 5) lowering aimes in their life, 6) managing the fact about their own kidney transplantation, 7) comforting themselves by comparing with others, 8) living religious or altruistic life, and 9) accepting redialysis and retransplantation. In the end, most of them experienced changed value system of life. They were satisfied with their current life, and thanked for living so many years after the transplantation. However, some of them, especially younger ones, regreted of losing hope and ambition they had planned when they were young. And many of them also experienced restricted social life, financial difficulties, and continuous fear of rejection of kidney. The results of the study might help nurses who work with kidney recipients in establishing and implementing effective nursing interventions by understanding the stages of life after kidney transplantations as well as their problems and strategies.
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