• KSAN
  • Contact us
  • E-Submission

Korean J Adult Nurs : Korean Journal of Adult Nursing

OPEN ACCESS
mobile search button mobile menu button
Search
Advanced Search
ABOUT
BROWSE ARTICLES
EDITORIAL POLICY
FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Articles

Page Path

Original Article

Effects of a Computerized Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Depression, Self-esteem, and Activities of Daily Living among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Myoungsuk Kim, Ph.D., RN1, Kyung-Choon Lim, Ph.D., APRN-GNP2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016;28(6):691-700.
Published online: December 31, 2016

1Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea.

2Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Lim, Kyung-Choon. College of Nursing, Sungshin Women's University, 55 Dobong-ro, 76 ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul 01133, Korea. Tel: +82-2-920-7729, Fax: +82-2-920-2092, kclim@sungshin.ac.kr
• Received: November 17, 2016   • Revised: December 13, 2016   • Accepted: December 18, 2016

© 2016 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

  • 25 Views
  • 0 Download
  • 4 Crossref
  • 1 Scopus
prev next

Full Article

Download PDF Download PDF
  • Purpose
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a computerized cognitive training on older adults affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in terms of cognitive function, depression, self-esteem, and activities of daily living (ADL).
  • Methods
    This study used a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. A total of 53 older adults who reside in long-term care facilities were recruited, 26 subjects for an experimental group and 27 subjects for a control group. A computerized cognitive training was performed for 20~40 minutes/day, three days/week for ten weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 with x2 test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test.
  • Results
    Scores of MMSE (t=3.30, p=.002), depression (t=-2.15, p=.036), and self-esteem (t=2.76, p=.008) were significantly better in the experimental group than the control group. However, the difference in ADL (t=-1.01, p=.316) was not significant between the two groups.
  • Conclusion
    These findings suggest that the computerized cognitive training can be used as an effective nursing intervention to improve cognitive function and self-esteem and lower depression among older adults with MCI.
  • Key Words: Cognition; Depression; Self-esteem; Activity of daily living; Mild cognitive impairment
  • 1. National health insurance service and Health insurance review & assessment service. The first half of 2015 health insurance key statistics [Internet] Wonju: Author; 2016;cited 2016 December 17. Available from: http://www.nhis.or.kr/bbs7/boards/B0075/21824.
  • 2. Petersen RC. Mild cognitive impairment: aging to Alzheimer's disease. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003.
  • 3. National health insurance service. A report for the number of mild cognitive impairment [Internet] Wonju: National health insurance service; 2015;cited 2016 July 24. Available from: http://www.nhis.or.kr/bbs7/boards/B0039/14982.
  • 4. Oh BH, Kim YK, Kim JH, Shin YS. The effects of cognitive rehabilitation training on cognitive function of elderly dementia patients. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 2003;42(4):514-519.
  • 5. Yoo MS, Seo EJ, Hwang MS. Relationship between cognitive function, self-esteem, and depression among patients in longterm care hospitals. J Korean Acad Soc Home Care Nurs. 2013;20(1):16-23.
  • 6. Artero S, Ancelin M-L, Portet F, Dupuy A, Berr C, Dartigues J-F, et al. Risk profiles for mild cognitive impairment and progression to dementia are gender specific. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79(9):979-984.
  • 7. Kim HS, You SJ, Han KR. The relation of cognitive function, physical health, self-esteem, social support and depression of elderly women in the community. J Korean Gerontol Nurs. 2002;4(2):163-175.
  • 8. Song NH. The effect of resistance exercise on cognitive function and risk factors of dementia for elderly women with mild cognitive impairment. Korean J Sports. 2016;14(2):305-315.
  • 9. Park I, Choi IH, Kang SY, Kim Y, Lee CM. The effects of an individual cognitive improvement program on the elderly with mild cognitive impairments. J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2015;26(1):1-10.
  • 10. Bell M, Bryson G, Greig T, Corcoran C, Wexler BE. Neurocognitive enhancement therapy with work therapy: effects on neuropsychological test performance. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001;58(8):763-768.
  • 11. Kim HJ, Lee SJ, Kam KY. A review of computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation (CACR). J Soc Occup Ther Aged Dement. 2008;2(2):35-46.
  • 12. Rose F, Brooks B, Attree E, Parslow D, Leadbetter A, McNeil J, et al. A preliminary investigation into the use of virtual environments in memory retraining after vascular brain injury: indications for future strategy? Disabil Rehabil. 1999;21(12):548-554.
  • 13. Hofmann M, Roösler A, Schwarz W, Muüller-Spahn F, Kraäuchi K, Hock C, et al. Interactive computer-training as a therapeutic tool in Alzheimer's disease. Compr Psychiatry. 2003;44(3):213-219.
  • 14. Cipriani G, Bianchetti A, Trabucchi M. Outcomes of a computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program on Alzheimer's disease patients compared with those on patients affected by mild cognitive impairment. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2006;43(3):327-335.
  • 15. Barnes DE, Yaffe K, Belfor N, Jagust WJ, DeCarli C, Reed BR, et al. Computer-based cognitive training for mild cognitive impairment: results from a pilot randomized, controlled trial. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2009;23(3):205.
  • 16. Herrera C, Chambon C, Michel B, Paban V, Alescio-Lautier B. Positive effects of computer-based cognitive training in adults with mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychologia. 2012;50(8):1871-1881.
  • 17. Jeong WM, Hwang YJ, Youn JC. Effects of a computer-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy on mild dementia patients in a community. J Korean Gerontol Soc. 2010;30(1):127-140.
  • 18. Hwang JH, Kim SK. The effect of computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation program on memory in the dementia: case report. J Korean Soc Assist Technol. 2011;3:53-63.
  • 19. Talassi E, Guerreschi M, Feriani M, Fedi V, Bianchetti A, Trabucchi M. Effectiveness of a cognitive rehabilitation program in mild dementia and mild cognitive impairment: a case control study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2007;44:391-399.
  • 20. Belleville S, Gilbert B, Fontaine F, Gagnon L, Meénard É, Gauthier S. Improvement of episodic memory in persons with mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults: evidence from a cognitive intervention program. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2006;22(5-6):486-499.
  • 21. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12(3):189-198.
  • 22. Lee JH, Lee KU, Lee DY, Kim KW, Jhoo JH, Kim JH, et al. Development of the Korean Version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet (CERADK) clinical and neuropsychological assessment batteries. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2002;57(1):P47-P53.
  • 23. Yesavage JA, Brink T, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res. 1982-1983;17(1):37-49.
  • 24. Cho MJ, Bae JN, Suh GH, Hahm BJ, Kim JK, Lee DW, et al. Validation of geriatric depression scale, Korean version (GDS) in the assessment of DSM-III-R major depression. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1999;38(1):48-63.
  • 25. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1965.
  • 26. Jon BJ. Self-esteem: a test of its measurability. Yonsei Nonchong. 1974;11(1):107-130.
  • 27. Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, Jackson BA, Jaffe MW. Studies of illness in the aged: the index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA. 1963;185:914-919.
  • 28. Won CW, Rho YG, Kim SY, Cho BR, Lee YS. The validity and reliability of Korean activities of daily living (K-ADL) scale. J Korean Geriatr Soc. 2002;6(2):98-106.
  • 29. Galante E, Venturini G, Fiaccadori C. Computer-based cognitive intervention for dementia: preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial. G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2007;29:3 Suppl B. B26-B32.
  • 30. Kim MS, Kim JI. Relationship among the health state, daily living activities (ADL, IADL), sleep state, and depression among old people at elderly care facilities. J Korea Acad Ind Coop Soc. 2015;16(4):2609-2619.
Table 1

Targeted Cognitive Domains of the Computerized Cognitive Training

kjan-28-691-i001.jpg
Table 2

Homogeneity Test of Experimental Group and Control Group (N=53)

kjan-28-691-i002.jpg

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MMSE=mini-mental state examination; ADL=activities of daily living; †Fisher's exact test.

Table 3

Comparison of Dependent Variables between Two Groups after Intervention (N=53)

kjan-28-691-i003.jpg

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MMSE=mini-mental state examination; ADL=activities of daily living.

Figure & Data

References

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Efficacy of smartphone application-based multi-domain cognitive training in older adults without dementia
      Jinju Cho, Dayeong An, Eunhye Cho, Daeun Kim, Ingyu Choi, Jihyun Cha, JongKwan Choi, Duk L. Na, Hyemin Jang, Juhee Chin
      Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • A Feasibility Study of Two Cognitive Training Programs for Urban Community-Dwelling Older Adults
      Sara Benham, Kelly Otchet, Diana Senft, Ann Marie Potter
      Journal of Ageing and Longevity.2022; 2(2): 74.     CrossRef
    • Effects of activities of daily living-based dual-task training on upper extremity function, cognitive function, and quality of life in stroke patients
      Hee-Su An, Deok-Ju Kim
      Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2021; 12(5): 304.     CrossRef
    • Can Use of Digital Technologies by People with Dementia Improve Self-Management and Social Participation? A Systematic Review of Effect Studies
      David Neal, Floor van den Berg, Caroline Planting, Teake Ettema, Karin Dijkstra, Evelyn Finnema, Rose-Marie Dröes
      Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(4): 604.     CrossRef

    Download Citation

    Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

    Format:

    Include:

    Effects of a Computerized Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Depression, Self-esteem, and Activities of Daily Living among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(6):691-700.   Published online December 31, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.6.691
    Download Citation
    Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.
    Format:
    • RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
    • BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software
    Include:
    • Citation for the content below
    Effects of a Computerized Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Depression, Self-esteem, and Activities of Daily Living among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2016;28(6):691-700.   Published online December 31, 2016
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.6.691
    Close
    Effects of a Computerized Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Depression, Self-esteem, and Activities of Daily Living among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
    Effects of a Computerized Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Depression, Self-esteem, and Activities of Daily Living among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

    Targeted Cognitive Domains of the Computerized Cognitive Training

    Homogeneity Test of Experimental Group and Control Group (N=53)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MMSE=mini-mental state examination; ADL=activities of daily living; †Fisher's exact test.

    Comparison of Dependent Variables between Two Groups after Intervention (N=53)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MMSE=mini-mental state examination; ADL=activities of daily living.
    Table 1 Targeted Cognitive Domains of the Computerized Cognitive Training

    Table 2 Homogeneity Test of Experimental Group and Control Group (N=53)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MMSE=mini-mental state examination; ADL=activities of daily living; †Fisher's exact test.

    Table 3 Comparison of Dependent Variables between Two Groups after Intervention (N=53)

    Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; MMSE=mini-mental state examination; ADL=activities of daily living.

    Table 1

    Table 2

    Table 3

    Korean J Adult Nurs : Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
    TOP