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Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients
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Korean J Adult Nurs : Korean Journal of Adult Nursing

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Original Research

Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Young Ok Kang1, Rhayun Song2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2018;30(1):49-59.
Published online: February 18, 2018

1Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea

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Corresponding author: Song, Rhayun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-4246 College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea. Tel: +82-42-580-8331, Fax: +82-42-580-8309, E-mail: songry@cnu.ac.kr
• Received: October 7, 2017   • Accepted: February 18, 2018

© 2018 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    The aim of the study was to examine effects of a fall prevention education program among inpatients over 65 years old.
  • Methods
    A quasi- experimental study with two intervention groups and a comparison was used. One hundred and forty-three participants recruited from one university hospital were assigned to one of three groups: Video-only education (n=49), video plus leaflet education (n=45), and a comparison group who received a routine education (n=49). The data collection period was from March to August 2016.
  • Results
    The two intervention groups reported higher scores in fall prevention behaviors than the comparison group (F=19.83, p<.001). Participants who viewed the video and received the leaflet education reported higher scores than those with video only education. The scores of attitudes toward falls (F=16.05, p<.001), and satisfaction with education (F=40.02, p<.001) in both intervention groups were also significantly higher than the comparison group, with no significant difference between the two intervention groups.
  • Conclusion
    The fall prevention program was effective in improving fall-related attitude and satisfaction among elderly inpatients. Since the video plus leaflet education was most effective in improving prevention behaviors, it might be included in routine orientation on admission for the elderly.
  • Key Words: Accidental falls; Inpatients; Education; Attitude; Behavior
Figure 1.
Video and leaflets.
kjan-30-49f1.jpg
Figure 2.
Study flow.
kjan-30-49f2.jpg
Table 1.
Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics among Groups (N=143)
Variables Categories Comparison (n=49) Intervention I (n=49) Intervention II (n=45) x2 or F p
n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD
Age (year) 65~70 15 (30.6) 19 (38.8) 14 (31.1) 3.02 .554
71~80 29 (59.2) 24 (49.0) 22 (48.9)    
≥81 5 (10.2) 6 (12.2) 9 (20.0)    
  73.6±5.02 73.5±5.80 74.8±6.66 0.71 .492
Gender Male 21 (42.9) 23 (46.9) 18 (40.0) 0.47 .792
Female 28 (57.1) 26 (53.1) 27 (60.0)    
Education level ≤ Junior high school 36 (73.5) 33 (67.3) 33 (73.3) 0.58 .749
≥ High school 13 (26.5) 16 (32.7) 12 (26.7)    
Spouse Yes 39 (79.6) 37 (75.5) 37 (82.2) 1.65 .722
No 10 (20.4) 12 (24.5) 8 (17.8)    
Caregiver Spouse 17 (34.7) 17 (34.7) 14 (31.1) 0.70 .951
Others 21 (42.9) 19 (38.8) 13 (26.5)    
Alone 1 (22.4) 13 (26.5) 10 (22.2)    
Using bed at home Yes 22 (44.9) 28 (57.1) 20 (44.4) 2.00 .367
No 27 (55.1) 21 (42.9) 25 (55.6)    

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education.

Table 2.
Homogeneity Test of Disease Characteristics among Groups (N=143)
Variables Categories Comparison (n=49) Intervention I (n=49) Intervention II (n=45) x2 p
n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD
Past experience of fall Yes 18 (36.7) 17 (34.7) 10 (22.2) 2.65 .266
No 31 (63.3) 32 (65.3) 35 (77.8)    
On IV therapy Yes 39 (79.6) 35 (71.4) 28 (62.2) 3.46 .177
No 10 (20.4) 14 (2836) 17 (37.8)    
Nursing unit Medicine 27 (55.1) 27 (55.1) 27 (60.0) 0.30 .860
Surgery 22 (44.9) 22 (44.9) 18 (40.0)    
Disease† Hypertension 30 (62.1) 26 (53.1) 29 (64.4) 1.40 .507
Diabetes 14 (28.6) 12 (24.5) 15 (33.3) 0.90 .638
Cancer 14 (28.6) 14 (28.6) 16 (35.6) 0.71 .703
Heart disease 8 (16.3) 8 (16.3) 9 (20.0) 0.29 .866
Spinal problem 8 (16.3) 4 (8.2) 7 (15.6) 1.71 .425
Respiratory disease 6 (12.2) 2 (4.1) 4 (8.9) 2.14 .335‡
Osteoporosis 4 (8.2) 2 (4.1) 3 (6.7) 2.52 .811‡
Number of medications taking that affects fall ≤1 32 (65.3) 38 (77.6) 26 (57.8) 5.72 .217
2~3 14 (28.6) 8 (16.3) 17 (37.8)    
≥4 3 (6.1) 3 (6.1) 2 (4.4)    
MFS score No risk 12 (24.5) 24 (49.0) 14 (31.1) 7.17 .127
Low risk 26 (53.1) 19 (38.8) 23 (51.1)    
High risk 11 (22.4) 6 (12.2) 8 (17.8)    

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education; IV=Intravenous;

MFS=Morse Fall Scale;

†Multiple response,

‡Fisher's exact test.

Table 3.
Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Outcome Variables among Groups (N=143)
Variables Comparison (n=49)a Intervention I (n=49)b Intervention II (n=45)c F p Scheffé
M± SD M± SD M± SD
Fall attitude 2.73±0.59 3.11±0.59 3.17±0.62 16.05† ＜.001 a＜ b, c
Fall prevention behavior 2.52±0.87 2.97±0.09 3.30±0.90 19.83† ＜.001 a＜ b＜ c
Satisfaction with education 3.15±1.12 4.46±0.12 4.40±0.12 40.02† ＜.001 a＜ b, c

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education;

†F score after controlling age and education.

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    Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2018;30(1):49-59.   Published online February 28, 2018
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.1.49
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    Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2018;30(1):49-59.   Published online February 28, 2018
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.1.49
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    Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients
    Image Image
    Figure 1. Video and leaflets.
    Figure 2. Study flow.

    Figure 1.

    Figure 2.

    Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

    Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

    Variables Categories Comparison (n=49) Intervention I (n=49) Intervention II (n=45) x2 or F p
    n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD
    Age (year) 65~70 15 (30.6) 19 (38.8) 14 (31.1) 3.02 .554
    71~80 29 (59.2) 24 (49.0) 22 (48.9)    
    ≥81 5 (10.2) 6 (12.2) 9 (20.0)    
      73.6±5.02 73.5±5.80 74.8±6.66 0.71 .492
    Gender Male 21 (42.9) 23 (46.9) 18 (40.0) 0.47 .792
    Female 28 (57.1) 26 (53.1) 27 (60.0)    
    Education level ≤ Junior high school 36 (73.5) 33 (67.3) 33 (73.3) 0.58 .749
    ≥ High school 13 (26.5) 16 (32.7) 12 (26.7)    
    Spouse Yes 39 (79.6) 37 (75.5) 37 (82.2) 1.65 .722
    No 10 (20.4) 12 (24.5) 8 (17.8)    
    Caregiver Spouse 17 (34.7) 17 (34.7) 14 (31.1) 0.70 .951
    Others 21 (42.9) 19 (38.8) 13 (26.5)    
    Alone 1 (22.4) 13 (26.5) 10 (22.2)    
    Using bed at home Yes 22 (44.9) 28 (57.1) 20 (44.4) 2.00 .367
    No 27 (55.1) 21 (42.9) 25 (55.6)    

    Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education.

    Homogeneity Test of Disease Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

    Variables Categories Comparison (n=49) Intervention I (n=49) Intervention II (n=45) x2 p
    n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD n (%) or M± SD
    Past experience of fall Yes 18 (36.7) 17 (34.7) 10 (22.2) 2.65 .266
    No 31 (63.3) 32 (65.3) 35 (77.8)    
    On IV therapy Yes 39 (79.6) 35 (71.4) 28 (62.2) 3.46 .177
    No 10 (20.4) 14 (2836) 17 (37.8)    
    Nursing unit Medicine 27 (55.1) 27 (55.1) 27 (60.0) 0.30 .860
    Surgery 22 (44.9) 22 (44.9) 18 (40.0)    
    Disease† Hypertension 30 (62.1) 26 (53.1) 29 (64.4) 1.40 .507
    Diabetes 14 (28.6) 12 (24.5) 15 (33.3) 0.90 .638
    Cancer 14 (28.6) 14 (28.6) 16 (35.6) 0.71 .703
    Heart disease 8 (16.3) 8 (16.3) 9 (20.0) 0.29 .866
    Spinal problem 8 (16.3) 4 (8.2) 7 (15.6) 1.71 .425
    Respiratory disease 6 (12.2) 2 (4.1) 4 (8.9) 2.14 .335‡
    Osteoporosis 4 (8.2) 2 (4.1) 3 (6.7) 2.52 .811‡
    Number of medications taking that affects fall ≤1 32 (65.3) 38 (77.6) 26 (57.8) 5.72 .217
    2~3 14 (28.6) 8 (16.3) 17 (37.8)    
    ≥4 3 (6.1) 3 (6.1) 2 (4.4)    
    MFS score No risk 12 (24.5) 24 (49.0) 14 (31.1) 7.17 .127
    Low risk 26 (53.1) 19 (38.8) 23 (51.1)    
    High risk 11 (22.4) 6 (12.2) 8 (17.8)    

    Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education; IV=Intravenous;

    MFS=Morse Fall Scale;

    †Multiple response,

    ‡Fisher's exact test.

    Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Outcome Variables among Groups (N=143)

    Variables Comparison (n=49)a Intervention I (n=49)b Intervention II (n=45)c F p Scheffé
    M± SD M± SD M± SD
    Fall attitude 2.73±0.59 3.11±0.59 3.17±0.62 16.05† ＜.001 a＜ b, c
    Fall prevention behavior 2.52±0.87 2.97±0.09 3.30±0.90 19.83† ＜.001 a＜ b＜ c
    Satisfaction with education 3.15±1.12 4.46±0.12 4.40±0.12 40.02† ＜.001 a＜ b, c

    Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education;

    †F score after controlling age and education.
    Table 1. Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

    Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education.

    Table 2. Homogeneity Test of Disease Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

    Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education; IV=Intravenous;

    MFS=Morse Fall Scale;

    Multiple response,

    Fisher's exact test.

    Table 3. Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Outcome Variables among Groups (N=143)

    Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education;

    F score after controlling age and education.

    Table 1.

    Table 2.

    Table 3.

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