Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Young Ok Kang; Rhayun Song

doi:10.7475/KJAN.2018.30.1.49

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Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Young Ok Kang¹, Rhayun Song²

Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2018;30(1):49-59.
Published online: February 18, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/KJAN.2018.30.1.49

¹Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea

²College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

Corresponding author: Song, Rhayun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-4246 College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea. Tel: +82-42-580-8331, Fax: +82-42-580-8309, E-mail: songry@cnu.ac.kr

• Received: October 7, 2017 • Accepted: February 18, 2018

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of the study was to examine effects of a fall prevention education program among inpatients over 65 years old.
Methods
A quasi- experimental study with two intervention groups and a comparison was used. One hundred and forty-three participants recruited from one university hospital were assigned to one of three groups: Video-only education (n=49), video plus leaflet education (n=45), and a comparison group who received a routine education (n=49). The data collection period was from March to August 2016.
Results
The two intervention groups reported higher scores in fall prevention behaviors than the comparison group (F=19.83, p<.001). Participants who viewed the video and received the leaflet education reported higher scores than those with video only education. The scores of attitudes toward falls (F=16.05, p<.001), and satisfaction with education (F=40.02, p<.001) in both intervention groups were also significantly higher than the comparison group, with no significant difference between the two intervention groups.
Conclusion
The fall prevention program was effective in improving fall-related attitude and satisfaction among elderly inpatients. Since the video plus leaflet education was most effective in improving prevention behaviors, it might be included in routine orientation on admission for the elderly.
Key Words: Accidental falls; Inpatients; Education; Attitude; Behavior

Figure 1.

Video and leaflets.

Figure 2.

Study flow.

Table 1.

Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

Variables	Categories	Comparison (n=49)	Intervention I (n=49)	Intervention II (n=45)	x² or F	p
Variables	Categories	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	x² or F	p
Age (year)	65~70	15 (30.6)	19 (38.8)	14 (31.1)	3.02	.554
	71~80	29 (59.2)	24 (49.0)	22 (48.9)
	≥81	5 (10.2)	6 (12.2)	9 (20.0)
		73.6±5.02	73.5±5.80	74.8±6.66	0.71	.492
Gender	Male	21 (42.9)	23 (46.9)	18 (40.0)	0.47	.792
Gender	Female	28 (57.1)	26 (53.1)	27 (60.0)
Education level	≤ Junior high school	36 (73.5)	33 (67.3)	33 (73.3)	0.58	.749
Education level	≥ High school	13 (26.5)	16 (32.7)	12 (26.7)
Spouse	Yes	39 (79.6)	37 (75.5)	37 (82.2)	1.65	.722
Spouse	No	10 (20.4)	12 (24.5)	8 (17.8)
Caregiver	Spouse	17 (34.7)	17 (34.7)	14 (31.1)	0.70	.951
	Others	21 (42.9)	19 (38.8)	13 (26.5)
	Alone	1 (22.4)	13 (26.5)	10 (22.2)
Using bed at home	Yes	22 (44.9)	28 (57.1)	20 (44.4)	2.00	.367
Using bed at home	No	27 (55.1)	21 (42.9)	25 (55.6)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education.

Table 2.

Homogeneity Test of Disease Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

Variables	Categories	Comparison (n=49)	Intervention I (n=49)	Intervention II (n=45)	x²	p
Variables	Categories	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	x²	p
Past experience of fall	Yes	18 (36.7)	17 (34.7)	10 (22.2)	2.65	.266
Past experience of fall	No	31 (63.3)	32 (65.3)	35 (77.8)
On IV therapy	Yes	39 (79.6)	35 (71.4)	28 (62.2)	3.46	.177
On IV therapy	No	10 (20.4)	14 (2836)	17 (37.8)
Nursing unit	Medicine	27 (55.1)	27 (55.1)	27 (60.0)	0.30	.860
Nursing unit	Surgery	22 (44.9)	22 (44.9)	18 (40.0)
Disease^†	Hypertension	30 (62.1)	26 (53.1)	29 (64.4)	1.40	.507
	Diabetes	14 (28.6)	12 (24.5)	15 (33.3)	0.90	.638
	Cancer	14 (28.6)	14 (28.6)	16 (35.6)	0.71	.703
	Heart disease	8 (16.3)	8 (16.3)	9 (20.0)	0.29	.866
	Spinal problem	8 (16.3)	4 (8.2)	7 (15.6)	1.71	.425
	Respiratory disease	6 (12.2)	2 (4.1)	4 (8.9)	2.14	.335^‡
	Osteoporosis	4 (8.2)	2 (4.1)	3 (6.7)	2.52	.811^‡
Number of medications taking that affects fall	≤1	32 (65.3)	38 (77.6)	26 (57.8)	5.72	.217
	2~3	14 (28.6)	8 (16.3)	17 (37.8)
	≥4	3 (6.1)	3 (6.1)	2 (4.4)
MFS score	No risk	12 (24.5)	24 (49.0)	14 (31.1)	7.17	.127
	Low risk	26 (53.1)	19 (38.8)	23 (51.1)
	High risk	11 (22.4)	6 (12.2)	8 (17.8)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education; IV=Intravenous;

MFS=Morse Fall Scale;

^†Multiple response,

^‡Fisher's exact test.

Table 3.

Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Outcome Variables among Groups (N=143)

Variables	Comparison (n=49)^a	Intervention I (n=49)^b	Intervention II (n=45)^c	F	p	Scheffé
Variables	M± SD	M± SD	M± SD	F	p	Scheffé
Fall attitude	2.73±0.59	3.11±0.59	3.17±0.62	16.05^†	＜.001	a＜ b, c
Fall prevention behavior	2.52±0.87	2.97±0.09	3.30±0.90	19.83^†	＜.001	a＜ b＜ c
Satisfaction with education	3.15±1.12	4.46±0.12	4.40±0.12	40.02^†	＜.001	a＜ b, c

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education;

^†F score after controlling age and education.

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Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Korean J Adult Nurs. 2018;30(1):49-59. Published online February 28, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.1.49

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Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Korean J Adult Nurs. 2018;30(1):49-59. Published online February 28, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.1.49

Figure

Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Figure 1. Video and leaflets.

Figure 2. Study flow.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Attitudes, Prevention Behaviors, and Satisfaction among Elderly Inpatients

Table 1.

Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

Variables	Categories	Comparison (n=49)	Intervention I (n=49)	Intervention II (n=45)	x² or F	p
Variables	Categories	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	x² or F	p
Age (year)	65~70	15 (30.6)	19 (38.8)	14 (31.1)	3.02	.554
	71~80	29 (59.2)	24 (49.0)	22 (48.9)
	≥81	5 (10.2)	6 (12.2)	9 (20.0)
		73.6±5.02	73.5±5.80	74.8±6.66	0.71	.492
Gender	Male	21 (42.9)	23 (46.9)	18 (40.0)	0.47	.792
Gender	Female	28 (57.1)	26 (53.1)	27 (60.0)
Education level	≤ Junior high school	36 (73.5)	33 (67.3)	33 (73.3)	0.58	.749
Education level	≥ High school	13 (26.5)	16 (32.7)	12 (26.7)
Spouse	Yes	39 (79.6)	37 (75.5)	37 (82.2)	1.65	.722
Spouse	No	10 (20.4)	12 (24.5)	8 (17.8)
Caregiver	Spouse	17 (34.7)	17 (34.7)	14 (31.1)	0.70	.951
	Others	21 (42.9)	19 (38.8)	13 (26.5)
	Alone	1 (22.4)	13 (26.5)	10 (22.2)
Using bed at home	Yes	22 (44.9)	28 (57.1)	20 (44.4)	2.00	.367
Using bed at home	No	27 (55.1)	21 (42.9)	25 (55.6)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education.

Table 2.

Homogeneity Test of Disease Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

Variables	Categories	Comparison (n=49)	Intervention I (n=49)	Intervention II (n=45)	x²	p
Variables	Categories	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	n (%) or M± SD	x²	p
Past experience of fall	Yes	18 (36.7)	17 (34.7)	10 (22.2)	2.65	.266
Past experience of fall	No	31 (63.3)	32 (65.3)	35 (77.8)
On IV therapy	Yes	39 (79.6)	35 (71.4)	28 (62.2)	3.46	.177
On IV therapy	No	10 (20.4)	14 (2836)	17 (37.8)
Nursing unit	Medicine	27 (55.1)	27 (55.1)	27 (60.0)	0.30	.860
Nursing unit	Surgery	22 (44.9)	22 (44.9)	18 (40.0)
Disease^†	Hypertension	30 (62.1)	26 (53.1)	29 (64.4)	1.40	.507
	Diabetes	14 (28.6)	12 (24.5)	15 (33.3)	0.90	.638
	Cancer	14 (28.6)	14 (28.6)	16 (35.6)	0.71	.703
	Heart disease	8 (16.3)	8 (16.3)	9 (20.0)	0.29	.866
	Spinal problem	8 (16.3)	4 (8.2)	7 (15.6)	1.71	.425
	Respiratory disease	6 (12.2)	2 (4.1)	4 (8.9)	2.14	.335^‡
	Osteoporosis	4 (8.2)	2 (4.1)	3 (6.7)	2.52	.811^‡
Number of medications taking that affects fall	≤1	32 (65.3)	38 (77.6)	26 (57.8)	5.72	.217
	2~3	14 (28.6)	8 (16.3)	17 (37.8)
	≥4	3 (6.1)	3 (6.1)	2 (4.4)
MFS score	No risk	12 (24.5)	24 (49.0)	14 (31.1)	7.17	.127
	Low risk	26 (53.1)	19 (38.8)	23 (51.1)
	High risk	11 (22.4)	6 (12.2)	8 (17.8)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education; IV=Intravenous;

MFS=Morse Fall Scale;

^†Multiple response,

^‡Fisher's exact test.

Table 3.

Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Outcome Variables among Groups (N=143)

Variables	Comparison (n=49)^a	Intervention I (n=49)^b	Intervention II (n=45)^c	F	p	Scheffé
Variables	M± SD	M± SD	M± SD	F	p	Scheffé
Fall attitude	2.73±0.59	3.11±0.59	3.17±0.62	16.05^†	＜.001	a＜ b, c
Fall prevention behavior	2.52±0.87	2.97±0.09	3.30±0.90	19.83^†	＜.001	a＜ b＜ c
Satisfaction with education	3.15±1.12	4.46±0.12	4.40±0.12	40.02^†	＜.001	a＜ b, c

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education;

^†F score after controlling age and education.

Table 1. Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education.

Table 2. Homogeneity Test of Disease Characteristics among Groups (N=143)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education; IV=Intravenous;

MFS=Morse Fall Scale;

†

Multiple response,

‡

Fisher's exact test.

Table 3. Effects of Fall Prevention Education Program on Outcome Variables among Groups (N=143)

Comparison=routine education; Intervention I=video only education; Intervention II=video plus leaflets education;

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