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Influencing Factors on Mid-Life Crisis

Hae Kyung Chang
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2018;30(1):98-105.
Published online: February 18, 2018

Department of Nursing, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea

Corresponding author: Chang, Hae Kyung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-1064 Department of Nursing, Hanseo University, 46 Hanseo 1-ro, Haemi-myun, Seosan 31962, Korea. Tel: +82-41-660-1070, Fax: +82-41-660-1087, E-mail: hkchang@hanseo.ac.kr
- This work was supported by Hanseo University Research Fund in 2017.
• Received: November 9, 2017   • Accepted: February 16, 2018

© 2018 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    The purpose of this study was to describe the factors which may influence a reported mid-life crisis.
  • Methods
    The research design was a descriptive survey design using a convenience sampling. Data were collected from 209 middle aged men and women by using self-reported questionnaires including Korean versions of Mid-life Crisis Scale, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Ego-resiliency Scale and Multipledimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression.
  • Results
    The mean for mid-life crisis was 2.69±0.58. A mid-life crisis was statistically significant in relationship to education (F=3.79, p=.024) and to econom-ic status (F=4.07, p=.019). Further, there were significant correlations among meaning of life (r=-.34, p<.001), health status (r=-.42, p<.001), stress (r=.46, p<.001), ego resilience (r=-.29, p<.001), social support (r=-.47, p<.001), and mid-life crisis. Social support (β=-.29, p<.001), stress (β=.27, p<.001), and health status (β=-.22, p<.001) were significant predictors which explained 34% of the variance reported in a mid-life crisis.
  • Conclusion
    The results indicate that these factors influencing mid-life crisis should be considered when developing nursing intervention to cope with a mid-life crisis.
  • Key Words: Health status; Ego; Social support; Middle age
Table 1.
Differences in Mid-life Crisis of Participants according to General Characteristics (N=209)
Characteristics Categories n (%) or M± SD Mid-life crisis
M± SD t or F p
Gender Male 54 (25.8) 2.63±0.45 -0.89 .374
Female 155 (74.2) 2.71±0.62    
Age (year) 40~49 88 (42.1) 2.63±0.58 1.95 .144
50~59 111 (53.1) 2.71±0.59    
60~64 10 (4.8) 3.00±0.51    
  50.52±5.72      
Spouse Yes 178 (85.2) 2.68±0.60 -0.14 .383
No 31 (14.8) 2.70±0.51    
Education level ≤ Junior high school a 10 (4.8) 3.15±0.42 3.79 .024
High school b 75 (35.9) 2.71±0.62   c＜ a
≥ College c 124 (59.3) 2.64±0.56    
Religion Yes 113 (54.1) 2.62±0.58 -1.68 .094
No 96 (45.9) 2.76±0.57    
Occupation Yes 140 (67.0) 2.74±0.35 -0.65 .514
No 69 (33.0) 2.78±0.34    
Economic status High a b 12 (5.7) 2.39±0.44 4.07 .019
Middle b 158 (75.6) 2.66±0.56   a＜ c
Low c 39 (18.7) 2.88±0.67    
Table 2.
The Descriptive Statistics of the Research Variables (N=209)
Variables M± SD Min Max
Mid-life crisis 2.69±0.58 1.26 4.49
Meaning of life 4.81±1.04 1.30 7.00
Health status 3.29±0.66 1.00 5.00
Stress 2.75±0.34 1.70 3.80
Ego resilience 2.70±0.37 1.71 3.86
Social support 3.75±0.60 2.00 5.00
Table 3.
Correlations Coefficient among the Variables (N=209)
Variables Meaning of life Health status Stress Ego resilience Social support
r (p) r (p) r (p) r (p) r (p)
Mid-life crisis -.34 (＜.001) -.42 (＜.001) .46 (＜.001) -.29 (＜.001) -.47 (＜.001)
Table 4.
Influencing Factors on the Mid-life Crisis (N=209)
Variables Categories B β t p
Model 1 (Constant) 2.80   11.07 ＜.001
Education (dummy 1; high school) -0.38 -.31 -1.91 .057
Education (dummy 2;≥ college) -0.42 -.35 -2.14 .034
Economic status (dummy 1; middle) 0.26 .19 1.49 .138
Economic status (dummy 2; low) 0.42 .28 2.18 .031
Adj. R2=.04, F=3.20, p=.014
Model 2 (Constant) 3.36   6.54 ＜.001
Education (dummy 1; high school) -0.16 -.13 -0.99 .324
Education (dummy 2;≥ college) -0.21 -.18 -1.31 .193
Economic status (dummy 1; middle) 0.18 .13 1.27 .204
Economic status (dummy 2; low) 0.24 .16 1.52 .131
Meaning of life -0.03 -.05 -0.73 .467
Health status -0.19 -.22 -3.52 ＜.001
Stress 0.46 .27 4.51 ＜.001
Ego resilience -0.06 -.04 -0.64 .526
Social support -0.27 -.28 -4.28 ＜.001
Adj. R2=.38, F=14.98, p＜.001
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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.1.98
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    Influencing Factors on Mid-Life Crisis
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2018;30(1):98-105.   Published online February 28, 2018
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.1.98
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    Influencing Factors on Mid-Life Crisis
    Influencing Factors on Mid-Life Crisis

    Differences in Mid-life Crisis of Participants according to General Characteristics (N=209)

    Characteristics Categories n (%) or M± SD Mid-life crisis
    M± SD t or F p
    Gender Male 54 (25.8) 2.63±0.45 -0.89 .374
    Female 155 (74.2) 2.71±0.62    
    Age (year) 40~49 88 (42.1) 2.63±0.58 1.95 .144
    50~59 111 (53.1) 2.71±0.59    
    60~64 10 (4.8) 3.00±0.51    
      50.52±5.72      
    Spouse Yes 178 (85.2) 2.68±0.60 -0.14 .383
    No 31 (14.8) 2.70±0.51    
    Education level ≤ Junior high school a 10 (4.8) 3.15±0.42 3.79 .024
    High school b 75 (35.9) 2.71±0.62   c＜ a
    ≥ College c 124 (59.3) 2.64±0.56    
    Religion Yes 113 (54.1) 2.62±0.58 -1.68 .094
    No 96 (45.9) 2.76±0.57    
    Occupation Yes 140 (67.0) 2.74±0.35 -0.65 .514
    No 69 (33.0) 2.78±0.34    
    Economic status High a b 12 (5.7) 2.39±0.44 4.07 .019
    Middle b 158 (75.6) 2.66±0.56   a＜ c
    Low c 39 (18.7) 2.88±0.67    

    The Descriptive Statistics of the Research Variables (N=209)

    Variables M± SD Min Max
    Mid-life crisis 2.69±0.58 1.26 4.49
    Meaning of life 4.81±1.04 1.30 7.00
    Health status 3.29±0.66 1.00 5.00
    Stress 2.75±0.34 1.70 3.80
    Ego resilience 2.70±0.37 1.71 3.86
    Social support 3.75±0.60 2.00 5.00

    Correlations Coefficient among the Variables (N=209)

    Variables Meaning of life Health status Stress Ego resilience Social support
    r (p) r (p) r (p) r (p) r (p)
    Mid-life crisis -.34 (＜.001) -.42 (＜.001) .46 (＜.001) -.29 (＜.001) -.47 (＜.001)

    Influencing Factors on the Mid-life Crisis (N=209)

    Variables Categories B β t p
    Model 1 (Constant) 2.80   11.07 ＜.001
    Education (dummy 1; high school) -0.38 -.31 -1.91 .057
    Education (dummy 2;≥ college) -0.42 -.35 -2.14 .034
    Economic status (dummy 1; middle) 0.26 .19 1.49 .138
    Economic status (dummy 2; low) 0.42 .28 2.18 .031
    Adj. R2=.04, F=3.20, p=.014
    Model 2 (Constant) 3.36   6.54 ＜.001
    Education (dummy 1; high school) -0.16 -.13 -0.99 .324
    Education (dummy 2;≥ college) -0.21 -.18 -1.31 .193
    Economic status (dummy 1; middle) 0.18 .13 1.27 .204
    Economic status (dummy 2; low) 0.24 .16 1.52 .131
    Meaning of life -0.03 -.05 -0.73 .467
    Health status -0.19 -.22 -3.52 ＜.001
    Stress 0.46 .27 4.51 ＜.001
    Ego resilience -0.06 -.04 -0.64 .526
    Social support -0.27 -.28 -4.28 ＜.001
    Adj. R2=.38, F=14.98, p＜.001
    Table 1. Differences in Mid-life Crisis of Participants according to General Characteristics (N=209)

    Table 2. The Descriptive Statistics of the Research Variables (N=209)

    Table 3. Correlations Coefficient among the Variables (N=209)

    Table 4. Influencing Factors on the Mid-life Crisis (N=209)

    Table 1.

    Table 2.

    Table 3.

    Table 4.

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