PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematically review of factors related to the reported intention of hospital nurses in Korea to leave their positions. METHODS Appropriate studies in the recent ten years were selected from databases. A total of 263 studies were selected for the systematic review on the basis of the PRISMA flow. The correlational effect size of 35 studies was analyzed through meta-analysis using CMA 3.0. RESULTS Through systematic review, 52 related factors were classified by ecological system: 18 individual, 12 microsystem, 11 mesosystem, 8 exosystem, and 3 macrosystem. The overall effect size of turnover intention was 3.26. The total correlational effect size of related factors was 0.28: 0.14 for individual, 0.50 for microsystem, 0.25 for mesosystem and 0.40 for exosystem. Among single factors with larger effect size, emotional labor, role conflict, and work-home conflict were classified into contributors whereas organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and internal marketing were classified as inhibitors. CONCLUSION Previous studies focused on the individual and the microsystem in the quantitative respect. In addition, the effect size was relatively greater for the microsystem and the exosystem. It is therefore necessary to conduct further research on the systems with larger effects.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the emotional response of family members of physically restrained patients in the intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS The study subjects were 200 family members of ICU patients who had been on physical restraints in two university hospitals. Data were collected using the "Instrument of family's emotional response toward physically restrained patients". RESULTS The mean score of familial emotional response was 2.69 out of a possible 5. The subcategory of acceptance was the highest with 3.56 points followed by depression (3.02), helplessness (2.94), anxiety (2.87), shock (2.74), avoidance (2.64), and grudge (2.08). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that the age of family members, side effects of restraints, and information provision were the variables influencing on negative emotional response of family. CONCLUSION Family members showed slightly negative emotional response toward the physical restraints. This finding could be influenced by their limited knowledge of the need for the restraints. Educational programs or fact sheets to be given to family members may be helpful.
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