PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop sleeve-type restraints and to compare the sleeve-type and conventional wrist restraints. METHODS Forty four pairs of intensive care unit (ICU) patients and their families participated in the experiment. The nurses applied sleeve-type restraints to the patients in the experimental group, and wrist restraints to the control group. The trained research assistant measured ROMs, skin temperature, edema, and skin lesions of both upper extremities (UEs) before, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the restraints applied. The emotional response of family was measured 72 hours after the restraints applied. Thirty one ICU nurses evaluated the efficiency of both types of restraints. RESULTS Compared to the control group, changes of ROMs, edema, and skin abrasions on both U/Es of the experimental group indicated a significant difference in physical side effects. The emotional response scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The mean efficiency scores for the sleeve-type restraints were significantly higher than those for the wrist restraints. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the sleeve-type restraints are better than wrist restraints with respect to physical side effects, emotional responses of family members, and application efficiency.
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Factors Influencing Nursing Practice for Physical Restraints among Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit Da Eun Kim, Hye Sook Min Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(3): 62. CrossRef
Perceptions and Intention of Nurses in Using Physical Restraints for Dementia Patients in Geriatric Hospitals Hyunju Lee, Kye Ha Kim Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 159. CrossRef
Development and Application of Glove Type Restraints for Elderly Patients in Nursing Care Facilities: A Pilot Study Kisook Kim, Nanju Park Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 107. CrossRef
Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(5): 3293. CrossRef
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify on the perceptions of family care-givers toward use of physical restraints according to their values, beliefs, and perceptions using Q methodology. METHODS Thirty-three family care-givers classified 41 selected Q-statements into 9 points standard. The obtained data were analyzed by using a pc QUANL program. RESULTS Principal component analysis identified 4types of the perceptions of family care-givers toward the use of physical restraints. Type I is 'Rational accepted', which means that they perceived the restraints are essential therapeutic devices and had cooperative attitude to use of medical staffs' restraints. Type II is 'Sardonic sensibility', which means that they have a negative and a cynical attitude to use of physical restraints. Type III is 'Ambivalent', which means that they have conflicts between rationality and emotion, and type IV is 'Practical claim of a right', which means they insist that patients and their family members must be provided with a detailed explanation regarding the application of physical restraints. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that perceptions toward the use of physical restraints among family care-givers should be understood for patients' safety and dignity in medical circumstance. Based on the results, this study will be useful in developing the customized nursing intervention for supporting family care-givers' subjectivity considering the Korean context.
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Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(5): 3293. CrossRef
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the emotional response of family members of physically restrained patients in the intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS The study subjects were 200 family members of ICU patients who had been on physical restraints in two university hospitals. Data were collected using the "Instrument of family's emotional response toward physically restrained patients". RESULTS The mean score of familial emotional response was 2.69 out of a possible 5. The subcategory of acceptance was the highest with 3.56 points followed by depression (3.02), helplessness (2.94), anxiety (2.87), shock (2.74), avoidance (2.64), and grudge (2.08). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that the age of family members, side effects of restraints, and information provision were the variables influencing on negative emotional response of family. CONCLUSION Family members showed slightly negative emotional response toward the physical restraints. This finding could be influenced by their limited knowledge of the need for the restraints. Educational programs or fact sheets to be given to family members may be helpful.
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The Conditions for Ethical Application of Restraints Parker Crutchfield, Tyler S. Gibb, Michael J. Redinger, Daniel Ferman, John Livingstone Chest.2019; 155(3): 617. CrossRef
A Study on Caregiver's Perception of Restraints Hye-kyung Kang Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(5): 452. CrossRef
Perceptions and Intention of Nurses in Using Physical Restraints for Dementia Patients in Geriatric Hospitals Hyunju Lee, Kye Ha Kim Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2016; 18(3): 159. CrossRef
Evidence-Based Practice Guideline: Changing the Practice of Physical Restraint Use in Acute Care Helen W. Lach, Kathy M. Leach, Howard K. Butcher Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2016; 42(2): 17. CrossRef
Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(5): 3293. CrossRef
PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to explore and describe the use of restraint on patients and to generate a grounded theory of how the use of restraint affects patients who have been restrained. METHODS Interview data from seven patients with physical restraint was analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory method. Data were collected and analyzed simultaneously. Unstructured and in-depth interviews were conducted retrospectively with patients recalling their memories of ICU following their transfer to general unit. RESULTS 'Safety belt' was emerged as a core category and it reflected that physical restraint provided a sense of security to patients. On the basis of core category, a model of the experience process of restrained patients in ICU was developed. The experience process were categorized into four stages: resistance, fear, resignation, and agreement. Stages of these proceeds appeared to have been influenced by the nurses' attitude and caring behavior such as the frequency of nurse-patient interaction, repetition of explanation, and empathetic understanding. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that patients have mixed feelings towards restraint use, although negative feelings were stronger than positive ones. The result of this study will help nurses make effective nursing intervention.
PURPOSE The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the pattern of physical restraints used in ICUs and to identify influencing factors of application and removal of restraints. METHOD The subjects of this study were 90 restrained patients out of 215 patients over 6 years old who were admitted to 6 ICUs in SMC during a 2 weeks period. The data was collected through a questionnaire of characte-ristics, guidelines and nursing care of restraint uses. The data were analyzed by non-parametric statistic with the use of the SAS program. RESULTS The restraints were applied to 31.4% of subjects. Mean time of physical restraint was 36.76 55.7 hours. There were significant difference with mean time and frequency according to duty shift. GCS, restless behavior and discomfort factors, medical devices, and life sustaining devices had significant relation with application of restraints. In addition, the mean time of restraints used were related significantly with GCS, restless behavior, and discomfort factors. CONCLUSION The used of restraints were dependent on mainly the nurses' decision. Thus ICU nurses have to develop the guidelines to applying restraints and removal of restraints in regard to patients rights and ethics. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of application of the restraints is essential in professional nursing.
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