Purpose
This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of undernutrition among older adults living in nonsubsidized Residential Care Homes (RCHs). Methods: Face-to-face interviews and assessments were conducted in a convenience sample of 298 older adults (aged 65 years or older) residing in nonsubsidized RCHs in Hong Kong in January 2015. Subjects who ate by mouth (with or without assistance) and who had no communication barriers were included. We employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design according to the STROBE reporting guidelines. Data were collected on participants' demographics, history of chronic illness, physical function (assessed by the 10-item Simplified Barthel Index with the self-care ability and mobility subscales), cognitive function (assessed by the 10-item Abbreviated Mental Test), and nutritional status (assessed by the 18-item Mini Nutritional Assessment). After identifying the variables associated with undernutrition, hierarchical multivariate logistic regression was used to identify salient predictors. Results: In total, 40.9% of participants had undernutrition, which was associated with a longer length of stay in RCHs and poorer physical and cognitive functions compared to adequate nutrition or being at risk of undernutrition. Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression showed that residents with better cognitive function (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR]=0.88) and self-care ability (adjusted OR=0.75) were at a lower risk of undernutrition. Conclusion: Undernutrition is prevalent among residents in RCHs in Hong Kong and poses a significant risk of cognitive impairment and poor self-care skills. To lessen the likelihood and the consequences of undernutrition, RCHs must give special consideration to residents with these risk factors.

PURPOSE
The study aimed to apply Tai Chi exercise to patients with coronary artery disease for 6 months, and to examine changes on body composition, physical strength, and cardiovascular risks. METHODS: Applying a quasi experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, 90 subjects with cardiovascular disease were recruited at C university hospital. For 6 months, 44 subjects performed Tai Chi exercise once a week and daily home exercise, while 46 subjects did not. Body composition was assessed by body mass index, % body fat, and waist-hip ratio; physical strength by balance, mobility, flexibility, grip strength, and back muscle strength; and cardiovascular risk checklist for fixed and modifiable risk factors. Data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN program with ANCOVA to consider group differences at the pretest. RESULTS: The subjects were 66 years old in average. In 6 months, Tai Chi group improved significantly in balance, mobility, and flexibility with decreased modifiable cardiovascular risks after adjusting for the pretest scores. CONCLUSION: Tai Chi exercise was safely applicable to individuals with coronary artery disease, and effective in some measures of physical strength and modifiable cardiovascular risks. It could be an alternative exercise for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program in this population.