PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the effect of visual information blocking nursing intervention (VIBNI) on stress and anxiety of patients undergo chemoport insertion in operating rooms. METHODS A non-equivalent control quasi-experimental design was used. Forth eight participants were enrolled and randomized to experimental group (VIBNI group, n=24) and control group (n=24). All participants received chemoport insertion under local anesthesia. During chemoport insertion, participants allocated to the VIBNI group had their both eyes covered with gamma-sterilized white gauze (5cm × 20cm, 0.5cm in thickness and 4g in weight) that can transmit light of 330Lux. Data from 43 participants were analysed after excluding 5 participants who withdrew (3 in the VIBNI group, and 2 in the control group) due to hypertension and anxiety history. Blood pressure and pulse were measured for stress. Blood sample (3 mL) was obtained before and during the procedure to measure serum cortisol level. State anxiety and VAS was measured for anxiety. RESULTS The difference of cortisol level between two groups was statistically significant after VIBNI intervention (p=.007). In terms of systolic blood pressure (p=.005) and pulse (p < .001), interaction of two groups appeared to be significant over time. CONCLUSION In our sample, participants received the VIBNI reported lower stress responses (cortisol level, systolic blood pressure and pulse) during chemoport insertion. Based upon our preliminary results, further evaluation in a larger sample and objective anxiety is warranted.
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PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to provide deep understanding of the reported experiences of families with their loved one in the intensive care unit (ICU), focusing on interactions with healthcare providers. METHODS The data were collected by individual interviews of eleven participants. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify major themes and sub-themes that represented the experiences of families. RESULTS Five themes and 13 sub-themes emerged. “Captive of patients' delayed death: Fear and anxiety†describes psychological problems arising when the family member became critically ill enough to warrant being admitted to the ICU. “Families as the weak: Suppression and resistance†describes interpersonal difficulties arisingdue to lack of information and trust with healthcare providers. “Deprivation of authority and duty as families: Helplessness†illustrate situational barriers in attempting to protect and support family member. “Re-establishment of trust relationship with healthcare providers: Gratitude and appreciation†describes how they satisfied with themselves by regaining trust relationship. Lastly, “Acceptance of reality through direct care participation: Relief and peace†illustrates peace of mind by gaining sense of reality through active direct care participation. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the positive and negative experiences of families with ICU patients. The results will be useful in developing family-centered nursing interventions.
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