PURPOSE
The purpose of this paper was to develop a stage-matched intervention based on the TransTheoretical Model (TTM) for elderly women with chronic back pain in the contemplation and preparation stage and evaluate its effectiveness.
METHODS
Fifty elderly women with chronic back pain (experimental group, n=25; control group, n=25) was recruited from elderly welfare centers. The research was a nonequivalent control group pre- posttest experimental design. The process of change for exercise, exercise decisional balance, and exercise self-efficacy were used as interventional strategies. To examine the effectiveness of this program, the dependent variables, back pain and muscle strength, were measured before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after the intervention, from May 16 to August 26, 2016. The data were analyzed with the χ2 test, independent t-test, two way repeated measured ANOVA.
RESULTS
The process of change for exercise, exercise self-efficacy, and muscle strength were improved and back pain was decreased in the experimental group as compared with the control group.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that the stage-matched intervention was effective for improving the process of change for exercise, exercise self-efficacy, and muscle strength in elderly women with chronic back pain in the contemplation and preparation stage. It's wider implementation in community settings will promise promoted exercise activity among elderly women with chronic back pain.

Citations

• Relationships Between Socioecological Factors and Self-Efficacy to Participate in Physical Activity for Adults With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: An Integrative Review
  Mark Vorensky, Stephanie L Orstad, Allison Squires, Susan Parraga, Katherine Byrne, Ericka N Merriwether
  Physical Therapy.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of integrated exercise therapy and psychosocial interventions on self-efficacy in patients with chronic low back pain: A systematic review.
  Mark Vorensky, Tyler Murray, Andrew F. McGovern, Yera Y. Patel, Smita Rao, Mitchell Batavia
  Journal of Psychosomatic Research.2023; 165: 111126.     CrossRef