PURPOSE
This study was designed to develop and test the Hope Scale for Korean cancer patients.
METHODS
The process for the development of the Hope Test was a selection of initial items drawn from a literature review and in-depth interviews. The selected items were assessed for content validity by experts. The Hope Scale was comprised of five factors and 30 preliminary items. The preliminary Hope Scale for Korean Cancer Patients (HS_KCP) was administered to 259 cancer patients from one university hospital and one cancer hospital in Busan. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's α.
RESULTS
Eighteen items were selected for the final scale. Five factors (inner sense of control, trust and expectation for recovery of disease, interconnection, spirituality, emotional despair) evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 63.3% of the total variance. The convergent & discriminent validity was r=.83 (p<.001), r=-73 (p<.001). The internal consistency, Cronbach's α was .88 and reliability of the subscales ranged from .54 to .85.
CONCLUSION
The Hope Scale for Korean cancer patients demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the hope of cancer patients and is feasible within a clinical setting.

Citations

• The Effects of Spiritual Well-being on Self-care Practices in People Undergoing Hemodialysis: The Mediating Effect of Hope
  Bu Kyung Kim, Pok-Ja Oh
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(6): 592.     CrossRef
• Psychometric Evaluation of Persian Version of Hope Scale in Iranian Patients With Cancer
  Hamid Sharif Nia, Pardis Rahmatpour, Long She, Mahdi Abounoori, Mohammad Moein Maddah, Saeed Pahlevan Sharif, Mobin Mohammadinezhad
  Journal of Nursing Measurement.2022; 30(1): 40.     CrossRef
• The Catalogue of Spiritual Care Instruments: A Scoping Review
  Ricko Damberg Nissen, Erik Falkø, Dorte Toudal Viftrup, Elisabeth Assing Hvidt, Jens Søndergaard, Arndt Büssing, Johan Wallin, Niels Hvidt
  Religions.2020; 11(5): 252.     CrossRef
• Concept Analysis of Fighting Spirit in Korean Patients with Cancer
  Kyung Ok Kim, Jung A Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(1): 50.     CrossRef
• Post-traumatic Growth among Stroke Patients: Impact of Hope, Meaning in Life, and Social Support
  Young-Ju Jeong, Hee Sun Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(6): 605.     CrossRef
• Relationships among Hope, Self-care Agency and Quality of Life of Female Oncology Patients with Lymphedema
  Ka Ryeong Bae, Young Soon Im, Gie Ok Noh, Yoojung Son, Han Gil Seo
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(4): 213.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experience of pursuing complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in breast cancer patients.
METHODS
Ten women with breast cancer participated in the study. Data were collected through individual in-depth unstructured and individualized interviews with each participant from February to July, 2015. Theoretical sampling was used upto the point of theoretical saturation. Data were analyzed using Corbin & Strauss's grounded theory methodology.
RESULTS
Through open coding, 22 sub-categories, and 13 categories were identified. Analysis revealed that the core category was 'endless management of mind and body for healing', which consisted of four phases; exploring, applying, grasping, and integrating. Through this process, the participants utilized various action/interactional strategies such as 'dealing with information', 'trying out blindly', 'enduring volitionally', 'experiencing effects on mind and body,' and 'grasping one's own way.' The consequences of these strategies were integrating the habit of health remedy into one's life, becoming a main agent for change, and tolerating one's weak body.
CONCLUSION
In-depth understanding of the CAM pursuing experiences of patients with breast cancer would guide clinical nurses and policy makers to develop effective interventions and policies for better supporting them with regard to the usage of CAM.

Citations

• Development and psychometric evaluation of the adjuvant endocrine therapy beliefs scale for breast cancer survivors
  Sung Hae Kim, JuHee Lee
  Archives of Women's Mental Health.2024; 27(6): 961.     CrossRef
• Research Trends of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Sleep-Wake Disturbances in Cancer Patients
  Moon Ju Oh, Hee Sun Kim
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2022; 22(3): 163.     CrossRef
• Successful Outcome of Breast Cancer Patient Refusing Conventional Treatments: A Case Report
  Sanghun Lee, Kicheul Sohn, Songha Chon
  Journal of Korean Medicine.2018; 39(4): 177.     CrossRef