PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to design a mobile-application of a cognitive training program for people who have chemo-related cognitive complaints. METHODS The program was developed based on the networkbased instructional system design proposed by Jung. The program consisted of several tasks centered on four cognitive domains: learning, memory, working memory, and attention. For memory learning, a target-image and all its elements (color, position, and number) were presented on the screen that had to be recognized among a number of distractor-figures. In working memory training, the previous learned target-figure according to the level of difficulty had to be remembered among many different figures. In attention training named “Find the same figure,†two identical symbols in a grid-pattern filled with different images were presented on the screen, and these had to be simultaneously touched. In attention training named “Find the different figure,†a different symbol in a grid pattern filled with same figures had to be selected. This program was developed to train for a minimum of 20 min/day, four days/week for six weeks. RESULTS This cognitive training revealed statistically significant improvement in subjective cognitive impairments (t=3.88, p=.006) at six weeks in eight cancer survivors. CONCLUSION This cognitive training program is expected to offer individualized training opportunities for improving cognitive function and further research is needed to test the effect in various settings.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between menopausal symptoms and decline in cognitive functioning of menopausal women with mediating effects of health promoting behavior. METHODS Using a convenience sampling, 140 menopausal women were recruited for the cross-sectional survey. Data were collected by using the Menopause Rating Scale, Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Everyday Cognition, and Korean Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS The mean scores for menopausal symptoms, health promotion behavior, and subjective cognitive decline were 14.40, 153.79, and 67.40 respectively. Health promotion behavior was directly affected by menopausal symptom (R2=8%). Cognitive decline was directly affected by menopausal symptom (R2=11%). Menopausal symptom (β=.33, p<.001) and health promotion behavior (β=−.21, p=.014) were found to be predictive factors in subjective cognitive decline and explained 14%. Health promotion behavior had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between menopausal symptom and perceived cognitive decline (Sobel test: Z=2.05, p=.040). CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this study, developing nursing intervention programs focusing on decreasing menopausal symptoms and encouraging health promotion behavior are recommended to improve cognitive decline in menopausal women.
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