Purpose
This narrative review aims to provide an introduction and overview of dyadic research within the context of chronic illness. In addition, some methodological considerations and future directions for conducting dyadic research are presented.
Methods
The focus of this review is on adult participants in dyads and with chronic illness based on the previous studies and literatures on dyadic science.
Results
Theory of Dyadic Illness Management and Dyadic Regulation-Connectivity Model (DR-CM) may be appropriate for performing dyadic research. At present, there is a lack of qualitative and quantitative knowledge on the dyadic approach for research on chronic diseases. Dyadic health interventions for building collaborative relationships within a dyad may be beneficial to improve dyadic health outcomes. This article addressed some of the challenges regarding recruitment, data collection, and analysis when it comes to planning dyadic research pertaining to chronic illnesses.
Conclusion
Healthcare professionals should prioritize needs and preferences at the dyadic level when designing effective chronic disease management. Particularly, it is critical to regularly monitor the dyadic relationships or type of dyadic care during illness trajectories. More research should be undertaken on patient-family caregiver dyads in chronic care, considering the various types of chronic diseases and cultural diversities.

Purpose
The study sought to investigate the relationships between beliefs about medications, self-efficacy of medication use, social support and medication adherence, and the general factors associated with medication adherence among the elderly living with chronic disease. Methods: This study took the form of a descriptive survey involving 222 elderly outpatients - aged 65 years or older - who visited S medical center, located in S city. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires from July to August 2019. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a hierarchical multiple regression via the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean score for medication adherence was 61.80±10.19 (range 16~80). Participants' medication adherence positively correlated with beliefs about medications (r=.17, p=.012), self-efficacy for medication use (r=.31, p<.001) and social support (r=.20, p=.003). Frequency of alcohol consumption (β=-.20, p=.001), burden level of medical costs (β=-.18, p=.012), experience of side-effects (β=-.21, p=.001), medication-taking education (β=.17, p=.008), beliefs about medication (β=.13, p=.038), and self-efficacy for medication use (β=.19, p=.004) explained for 24.9% of medication adherence (F=6.23, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to consider the beliefs about medication and self-efficacy for medication use when developing educational programs aimed at improving medication adherence among the elderly living with chronic diseases.

Citations

• Factors associated with health literacy in older adults aged 65 and over: a secondary data analysis of the 2021 Korea Health Panel applying the Andersen behavioural model
  Yeong Eun Kim, Ol Han, Chang Sun Moon
  BMJ Open.2025; 15(3): e085696.     CrossRef
• Factors associated with medication adherence among older adults with multimorbidity: A culture perspective
  Eunhwa Lee, MoonKi Choi
  Geriatric Nursing.2024; 55: 297.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing the Medication Adherence in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Bongsil Lim, Min Young Kim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2023; 26(2): 87.     CrossRef
• Development and effectiveness of an integrated medication management program centered on senior welfare centers for older adults with hypertension: A cross-sectional study
  Heuijeong Moon, Dukyoo Jung
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(3): 297.     CrossRef
• Relationships between health literacy, self-efficacy, and medication adherence in older people with polypharmacy: A cross-sectional study
  Jee Young Cho, Sun Ju Chang
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(4): 357.     CrossRef
• Effects of Changes in Multiple Chronic Conditions on Medical Costs among Older Adults in South Korea
  Soojin Park, Jin Young Nam
  Healthcare.2022; 10(4): 742.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study examined sociodemographic and health factors affecting Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among older adults with osteoarthritis based on the duration of osteoarthritis.
Methods
Data were obtained from the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Ⅶ-1, 2016; Ⅶ-2, 2017). The sample consisted of total 747 older adults with osteoarthritis. The complex sample analysis was performed using an independent t-test, ANOVA, x² test, and multiple linear regression using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program.
Results
The HRQoL of older adults who had experienced osteoarthritis for 10 years or more was lower than the group who had experienced osteoarthritis for less than 10 years. The most influential factors affecting HRQoL across both groups were subjective health, limit of daily activity, and sickbed experience. Current alcohol consumption and body weight control were factors affecting HRQoL in the group who had experienced osteoarthritis for less than 10 years, while gender, current smoking, and walking were factors affecting HRQoL in the group who had experienced osteoarthritis for 10 years or more.
Conclusion
Community nurses should consider the target population and customize interventions based on the duration of osteoarthritis in order to improve HRQoL in older adults with osteoarthritis.

Citations

• A Network Analysis of Quality of Life Among Older Adults With Arthritis
  Dahee Wi, Chang G. Park, Jiae Lee, Eunjin Kim, Yoonjung Kim
  International Journal of Older People Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Progressive Balance Training Exercise Programs with Whole Body Vibration on Pain, Function, Psychosocial Status, and Balance in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
  Sang-woo Yoon, Suhn-yeop Kim
  Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2024; 19(1): 81.     CrossRef
• Factors Related to Quality of Life among Older Adults who Had Arthritis: Limited Daily Activities and Physical Activity
  Jee-Seon Yi
  Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science.2023; 12(4): 431.     CrossRef
• The effects of hemp seed consumption on depression, anxiety and cognitive improvement based on machine learning
  Jung Jea-Bum, Cho Yong-Won , Kim Sang-Yub , Chung Soo-Yeon , Han Kyung-Hoon , Ham Byung-Joo , Han Sung-Hee
  Archives of Food and Nutritional Science.2023; 7(1): 032.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
Geriatric depression is often closely connected with physical symptoms among older adults. This study aimed to determine the factors related to depressive symptoms among older adults with multiple chronic diseases.
METHODS
We assessed 6,672 older adults using data extracted from the 2014 National Survey on the Elderly in Korea. The short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Korean versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination for dementia screening and the DETERMINE Your Nutrition Health Checklist were used. Statistical analyses included independent t-test, χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
We found that 36.7% of the older adults exhibited depressive symptoms, and the average score on the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale was 5.90±4.53. The factors significantly related to depressive symptoms were unemployment (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.85, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.59~2.15), “high risk” nutritional management status (OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.16~1.22), slight visual dysfunction (OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.05~1.38), high visual dysfunction (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.04~1.91), slight hearing dysfunction (OR=1.22, 95% CI=1.05~1.43), slight chewing dysfunction (OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.19~1.59), high chewing dysfunction (OR=1.59, 95% CI=1.30~1.95), low cellphone utilization (OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.04~2.46), older age (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.98~1.00), and higher educational level (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.95~0.98).
CONCLUSION
Preventive interventions for depressive symptoms should include nutritional education programs, functional assistive devices, and the use of information technology.

Citations

• Muscle Strength Moderates the Relationship between Nutritional Health Risk and Depression in Korean Older Adults
  Jeonghyeon Kim, Seamon Kang, Haeryun Hong, Hyunsik Kang, Ju-Hyoung Kim, Sang-Koo Woo
  Nutrients.2022; 14(3): 665.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nutritional Health Risk and Physical Activity on Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults
  Jihye Gwon, Jiho Shin, Hyunsik Kang
  Exercise Science.2022; 31(2): 173.     CrossRef
• Mental health problems and hypertension in the elderly: Review from the HOPE Asia Network
  Yuda Turana, Jeslyn Tengkawan, Yook C. Chia, Jinho Shin, Chen‐Huan Chen, Sungha Park, Kelvin Tsoi, Peera Buranakitjaroen, Arieska A. Soenarta, Saulat Siddique, Hao‐Min Cheng, Jam C. Tay, Boon W. Teo, Tzung‐Dau Wang, Kazuomi Kario
  The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2021; 23(3): 504.     CrossRef
• Factor Structure and Validation of the 12-Item Korean Version of the General Health Questionnaire in a Sample of Early Childhood Teachers
  Boram Lee, Yang-Eun Kim
  Education Sciences.2021; 11(5): 243.     CrossRef
• Missing in Action: Bridging Capital and Cross-Boundary Discourse
  Sora Lee, Valerie Braithwaite
  The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.2020; 691(1): 258.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise on chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults.
METHODS
In order to conduct a meta-analysis, a total 7,186 studies were retrieved from seven databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, RISS, KISS, NDSL, KoreaMed) without restriction on publication year and the articles published until June 2018 were selected for this study. Sixteen studies were selected for the meta-analysis based on their satisfaction of the inclusion criteria and low risk of bias. Baseline demographic data, exercise features, and outcome data were extracted from all included trials. The data was analyzed using the RevMan 5.2 and CMA 3.0. program.
RESULTS
The results of the meta-analysis (n=16) revealed that the exercise intervention was found to be significantly superior to control group on pain (Standardized Mean Difference [Hedges'g]=−0.43, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=−0.59~−0.27). Also, meta-ANOVA was performed using study period, length and frequency of session and type of exercise, but no statistically significant moderators were found.
CONCLUSION
In this study, the exercise demonstrated significant reduction in pain intensity in older adults and there was no difference in pain reduction according to type or duration of exercise. Therefore, exercise that older adults prefers and is feasible in where they are, should be adopted as a nursing intervention for older adults' chronic musculoskeletal pain management.

Citations

• Effects of Contrast Therapy Using Flexible Thermoelectric Devices on Lower Extremity Edema, Pain, Muscle Fatigue, and Stress in Nursing Home Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Ji-Ah Song
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(1): 61.     CrossRef
• The best treatment option(s) for adult and elderly patients with chronic primary musculoskeletal pain: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
  Helen Koechlin, Ben Whalley, Nicky J. Welton, Cosima Locher
  Systematic Reviews.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the chronic patients' references for care near the end of life.
METHODS
This is a descriptive survey research, with subjects of 161 outpatients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus or chronic renal failure.
RESULTS
The majority of the subjects do not want meaningless life sustaining treatment and they report thinking positively about family or health care professional to participate in their end of life decision making process. Subjects reported preferring adequate pain management and spiritual support at the end of life. In regard to advance directives (ADs), those subjects with chronic disease report thinking positively about the necessity of ADs and its institutionalization. However, the subjects report not having the detailed information on the proper time and method of writing their ADs.
CONCLUSION
Based on these results, educational programs on end of life decision making for chronic patients need to be developed. Also, the nurse should try to reflect the opinion of chronic patients as much as possible when make an end-of-life decision.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among blood glucose, HbA1c, and self management comparing these with general and illness characteristics of subjects with Type II Diabetes living in the community.
METHODS
Using a comprehensive survey developed for the study, data were collected from 82 type II diabetes patients who were registered at five community health departments. The variables of self management, blood glucose and HbA1c were assessed by nurses. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics including t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient to compare self management and level of HbA1c by subject's general and illness characteristics and to examine the relationships among variables.
RESULTS
About 73.2% of the subjects' HbA1c were 7.0% or higher and 54.9% of subjects' blood glucose were 200 mg/dL or higher. The level of self management was moderate. Most frequently perceived reasons for failure of blood glucose control were dietary failure (32.9%). There was significant relationship between self management and HbA1c(r=-.223, p=.040). The mean score of self management were higher among female (t=-2.37, p=.021), who are not on diabetes medication (t=6.70, p=.011).
CONCLUSION
Comprehensive intervention is needed to improve dietary self management, especially for male and those who is on diabetes medication.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to assess social support, mood, and commitment to a plan for exercise of Korean adults with chronic diseases. Further, the relationships between social support, mood, and commitment to a plan for exercise were assessed.
METHOD
The participants in this study were 230 Korean adults over 18 years of age with chronic diseases who were recruited in hospitals or health centers. The instruments used in this study were Exercise Social Support Scale, POMS (Profile of Mood States), and Commitment to a Plan for Exercise Scale.
RESULT
The results of descriptive analysis showed that Korean adults with chronic diseases were perceived with relatively low commitment to a plan for exercise while they were perceived with moderate social support and mood states. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed significant relationship between these three variables. Stepwise regression indicated that 37% of the variance in commitment to a plan for exercise was explained by social support and vigor factor of the POMS.
CONCLUSION
Health professionals can use this information for planning a targeted strategy to increase regular exercise among Korean adults with chronic diseases in order to improve their quality of life and control disease-related symptoms.