PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to identify gender and age differences in health status and health behaviors of community-dwelling older adults in an urban city.
METHODS
A convenience sample of 500 older people were recruited. Participants completed eight study instruments by face to face interview. The instruments were the Korea Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Body Mass Index (BMI), Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form, Stanford Research Instruments for Chronic Disease, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea version, EuroQol-5 Dimensions scale (EQ-5D), and the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture Frailty Index.
RESULTS
71.6% were females and mean age of all participants was 74.4 years. Participants were divided into three age groups: 60 to 74 years (n=263, 52.6%), 75 to 84 years (n=207, 41.4%), and ≥85 years (n=30, 6.0%). Significant gender differences were found in educational level, marital status, family type, religion, perceived economic status, K-IADL, SPPB, grip strength, BMI, fatigue, smoking, drinking, communication with physicians and nurses, and EQ-5D. There were significant differences among the three age groups on educational level, marital status, family type, SPPB, grip strength, regular health check-up, communication with physicians and nurses, and frailty.
CONCLUSION
Gender difference should be taken into consideration more than age when policy and preventive programs for community-dwelling older adults in an urban city is developed.

Citations

• Factors Affecting Happiness Among Rural Residents: A Cross Sectional Survey
  Hae Kyung Jo, Hyun Kyoung Kim, Ji Na Jeong
  Community Mental Health Journal.2020; 56(5): 915.     CrossRef
• Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Basic Physical Capability Scale for Older Adults
  Eun-Ok Song, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(1): 21.     CrossRef
• Older Adults' Perceptions of Age-friendliness with an Emphasis on Community Supports and Health Services in a City in South Korea
  Chi-Young Lee, Belong Cho, Youngtae Cho, Yeon-Hwan Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2019; 30(2): 234.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The aims of current study were to assess the inhaler competency and medication adherence, and to identify association of inhaler competency with medication adherence in patients with obstructive lung disease.
METHODS
We did a secondary analysis of the Hanyang Obstructive Pulmonary Evaluation data in a single institution from June 2014 to April 2015 after an approval of Institutional Review Board. A total of 150 patients with asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease participated in the study. Inhaler competency was evaluated accuracy in each step for using metered dose inhaler. Medication adherence was calculated using actually dispensed doses based on the prescribed inhaler doses.
RESULTS
Older adults (> or =65) had lower competency in using inhaler (66.7 vs 83.3, z=-4.52, p<.001) and poorer medication adherence (67.7 vs 91.8, chi2=14.06, p<.001) than adults (<65). Inhaler competency was associated with medication adherence (p=.26, p=.001). Surprisingly, more than 50% of patients were current smokers.
CONCLUSION
Inhaler competency and medication adherence were lower in older adults with obstructive lung disease than those in adult-age patients. Therefore, an individual education program for older patients should be developed to improve the rates of proper use of inhalers. Nursing management for obstructive lung disease should focus on developing behavioral intervention strategies for smoking cessation.

Citations

• Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Tests and Optimization of Inhalation Therapy
  Sung Yoon Lim, Ho Il Yoon
  The Korean Journal of Medicine.2021; 96(3): 209.     CrossRef
• Effects of a tailored inhaler use education program for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
  Yu Mi Kim, Mi Yu, Hye Ri Moon, Sun Young Ju, Gyeong Ae Lee, Min Jin Kim
  Patient Education and Counseling.2020; 103(4): 717.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine what types of customized nursing intervention for the elderly were most effective by looking at age group difference and other factors related to ego integrity.
METHODS
A secondary analysis was used with 104 elderly people. The data were analyzed using chi-square-test, Fisher's exact test, ANCOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression.
RESULTS
For those 80 and older, powerlessness was higher than for those in their 60s and 70s. The factors influencing ego integrity for those in their 60s were powerlessness, economic condition, source of discretionary money, and health condition; for those in their 70s - life satisfaction, self-esteem, and health condition; and for those 80 and older-life satisfaction and source of discretionary money.
CONCLUSION
In nursing for the elderly, age differences should be taken into consideration. The study suggests that for people in their 60s, the creation of jobs that allow them to earn money is important. For people in their 70s over, offering of health care and self-esteem programs through community health centers are equally important. For people in their 80s over, nursing programs for advocacy, support, and psychological care are needed in order to elevate their life satisfaction.