PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to describe the facets of gender role identity as reported by several disciplines undergraduate female college students, and to confirm the characteristics and differences according to the types.
METHODS
A Q sort methodology was utilized to gather responses to gender role identity. Forty subjects' responses were analyzed by QUANL PC program.
RESULTS
The subject responses were classified into four gender role patterns: 1) paternity-sensitive type, 2) conviction-sensitive type, 3) sensibility-inhibitive type and 4) sensibility-expressive type.
CONCLUSION
The findings add to the understanding of women college students and their perception of their gender role identify. Further studies need to be done to understand how the four patterns relate to success or satisfaction for female college students.

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to identify the impact of the symptom cluster of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression on the quality of life (QOL) among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
METHODS
One hundred and thirteen patients were recruited from five hospitals in Korea. The instruments used in this study were the fatigue, depression, sleep disturbance, pain and the quality of life scale for patients with breast cancer. The influence of the symptom cluster on patients' QOL was analyzed by using multiple regression.
RESULTS
Most patients reported a moderate level of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance and depression. Eighty percent of patients reported three of the four symptoms. Among the four symptoms, there was no correlation between pain and sleep disturbance. Quality of life was negative correlated with the four symptoms in the cluster. Symptom cluster of pain, fatigue, and depression accounted for 51.2% of variance in QOL.
CONCLUSION
The findings supported that there is a symptom cluster that negatively influences quality of life and needs to be addressed as we are caring for patients and are promoting quality of life.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to understand the reported experiences of sexuality among Korean women who are breast cancer survivors.
METHODS
Participants of this study were 12 women who had breast cancer surgery. Data were collected October, 2010 to January, 2011 through in-depth interviews by using tape-recordings. Data were analyzed with Colaizzi's (1978) phenomenological methodology.
RESULTS
From significant statements, four categories, ten theme clusters and 32 themes were extracted from the essential meaning of the sexuality experience as reported by the women participants. Within the four categories were 'Negatively changed in sexuality', 'Feeling of great loss as a woman', 'Changed martial relations with husband', and 'Turning to the happy life'. 'Overcoming sexuality caused by distress and feeling of loss' was united from four categories.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study could help contribute to provide educational program on sexuality to improve sexual well-being and quality of life of women with breast cancer survivors and their spouses.

PURPOSE
This study was designed to investigate the levels of anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, and supportive care needs in patients with hematologic malignancy and to identify predictive factors of supportive care needs.
METHODS
The data were collected from 100 subjects undergoing treatments during 2010 in Korea. The questionnaires included the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale, the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, and the Supportive Care Needs Survey-Short Form 34. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression.
RESULTS
Forty percent of the subjects had anxiety and 58% had depression. Thirty-eight percent of the subjects reported to have moderate-to-severe levels of physical symptoms. The most severe physical symptom was lack of appetite, followed by fatigue and pain. In terms of supportive care needs, the health system and information domain showed the highest among all domains. Supportive care needs had a significant positive correlation with anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms. And its predictive factors were identified as anxiety, physical symptoms and marital status, with the explanatory power of 48.9%.
CONCLUSION
These findings demonstrate that anxiety and physical symptoms should be assessed and treated to meet the supportive care needs of patients with hematologic malignancies.

PURPOSE
The aim of the study was to identify the effects of aroma-foot-reflexology on premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea and lower abdominal skin temperature of nursing students.
METHODS
This study used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study design. The participants were divided into two groups, a control group with 37 students and a treatment with 24 students. A 35 minute three times a week aroma-foot-reflexology was carried out for the treatment group. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 17.0 program.
RESULTS
The results showed that aroma-foot reflexology was significantly effective in reducing premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea, and raised lower abdominal skin temperature of the students.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicated that aroma-foot-reflexology is an effective nursing intervention in reducing premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea and in improving lower abdominal skin temperature. It is, therefore, recommended that the aroma-foot reflexology should be a clinical practice as an effective nursing intervention to reduce premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea and to improve lower abdominal skin temperature of nursing students.

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to compare and identify the mediating effect of family communication in the impact of death anxiety and personal meanings of death on the attitude of dignified death near the end-of-life among Korean mid-life and old people.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 287 mid-life and old people in Seoul, Busan, and Daegu City. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires which were standardized instruments from November 2010 to March 2011. Data were analyzed by using SPSS/WIN 14.
RESULTS
The results of the study indicated that there were statistically significant differences in level of death anxiety, personal meaning of death, and the dignified death between mid-age and old-age people. In addition, family communication had full mediating effects among the mid-age, while it had partial mediating effects among the old-age in the relationships between death anxiety, personal meaning of death, and the attitude of dignified death.
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of the study, implications for the intervention of the dignified death and preferences for care near the end-of-life among mid-life and old people and recommendations of further study were provided.

PURPOSE
This correlation study was designed to examine the relationships among reported violence experience, hardiness, and job satisfaction of nurses in an emergency department and to identify the factors that predict their job satisfaction.
METHODS
The study was conducted using a convenience sample of one hundred and fifteen nurses from nine hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires including Assault Response Questionnaire (Jung, 2008), Dispositional Resilience Scale-15 (Bartone, 1995) and job satisfaction Questionnaire (Yun, 2004). Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression.
RESULTS
Hardiness and job satisfaction were statistically significant positive correlation (r=.44, p<.001). Further, there was a negative correlation between response to violence experiences and job satisfaction (r=-.33, p<.001) and between hardiness and response to violence experiences (r=-.41, p<.001). Emotional response and physiological responses of violence experience and hardiness were significant predictors of job satisfaction, and explained 29.6% of the total variance.
CONCLUSION
Previous experiences with violence were an important factor which contribute to lower job satisfaction as reported by emergency department nurses. However it was also noted that hardiness was an important factor that could be used to improve job satisfaction of emergency department nurses.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify a model based on f the learning objectives in adult health nursing curriculums. The model can be eventually reflected in Korean National Nurse's Licensing Examination (KNNLE).
METHODS
The model was developed through a series of practical analysis by the task force team from June to October, 2011. The research team conducted the data synthesis and analysis from the learning objectives of adult health nursing drawn from selected national and international universities, from the adult health nursing areas in KNNLE, and from the current disease prevalence from clinical data in the representative university hospitals in Korea.
RESULTS
The current disease prevalence and mortality rates are on the increase especially for malignant neoplasm, heart diseases, suicide and diabetes. The items on the KNNLE of adult nursing are categorized by body systems into digestive system (15%), introduction (13.8%), respiratory system (11.3%), and cardiac system (11.3%). While the current system-based learning objectives covers extensive areas of adult health nursing, the core items are required to be selected based on core competences and core learning objectives to restructure the items of KNNLE. The first revised model is to consolidate and restructure the items microscopically in the subjects of adult health nursing by system. The second proposed model from macroscopic perspective is to build a comprehensive scheme of nursing curriculum by encompassing 8 subjects under current KNNLE and adjust the number of items accordingly.
CONCLUSION
The items of KNNLE need to be gradually redesigned by considering the intervention need at clinical practice and the modified learning objectives of adult health nursing. Based on the job analysis on core competences for newly employed nurses performed by the Korean Accreditation Board of Nursing, it is necessary to establish the core learning objectives of adult health nursing and set up standards for core items in KNNLE.

The Korean Society of Adult Nursing (KSAN) was founded in 1971. KSAN is dedicated to the development of nursing's knowledge base and specifically in the area of adult nursing. Other goals are knowledge dissemination, promotion of nursing research and education, and the encouragement and support of nurse researchers, nurse educators and nurse practitioners through forums fostering interactions. With more than 1,100 active members in 2011, this year we celebrate the 40th anniversary of KSAN by lookingback at our past, living our present, and pursuing the future. KSAN has six branches nationwide and is governed by an eleven board of directors. KSAN's conferences, held two or three times every year, offer members opportunities to share creative nursing ideas. The Korean Journal of Adult Nursing (KJAN), our bi-monthly Journal, provides innovative ideas in the field of adult nursing for our members through peer-reviewed articles. It was launched in 1989, listed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) in 2011, and strives to publish the best articles. Each issue of the Journal examines current problems and trends in nursing practice, education, and research. On the occasion of our 40th anniversary, we pledge to continue the development of our society in order to meet the needs of our members, and contribute to expand and extend the knowledge base of adult nursing.

No abstract available.