PURPOSE
The purpose of this study were to identify the essential component and meaning structure of the experience of 'Sockalee' among abused elders.
METHOD
This study was done using a phenomenological analytic method by Giorgi. The participants in this study were six elders who had the previous experience of 'Sockalee' as abused elders. The data were collected by interviewing the participants from May to September, 2003. Generally, three interviews for one person were performed and each interview lasted for one and half hours.
RESULTS
The meanings of 'Sockalee' of abused elders were categorized with seven components. Those are (1) Unsolved family conflicts. (2) Being powerless. (3) Being pushed out. (4) Egocentric situation-recognition. (5) Strengthening egocentric situation-recognition (6) Attempts for re-powerfulness. (7) Release from abuse. (8) Situation recognition with others' position considered.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, the nursing intervention must be focused on the above concerns to accomplish the successful solution for the abused elderly problems, especially approaching from the standpoint of the whole human.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of telephonic counseling on burnout, depression, life satisfaction, and perceived physical health among family caregivers of older adults with dementia.
METHOD
Subjects were randomly assigned into telephonic counseling group (n=21) and the comparison group (n=32). A weekly telephone counseling was conducted by research assistants for 12 weeks. T-test were used to answer the research questions.
RESULT
1) There were no significant differences between the two groups on the level of burnout, depression, life satisfaction, and perceived physical health after telephone counseling. 2) Spouse caregivers under the telephone counseling tended to report higher perceived physical health than comparison group at the post-test (t=-1.88, p=.08). Spouse caregivers under the telephone counseling tended to report higher emotional exhaustion and lower feeling of self achievement. 3) Daughter-in-law caregivers under telephone counseling showed increased feeling of self achievement, improved physical health condition, and decreased depression.
CONCLUSION
This study showed potential effects of the problem-solving telephone counseling to improve perceived physical health and to reduce the level of burnout and depression. The findings suggest the necessity of screening most vulnerable subgroups of caregivers to increase the effectiveness of nursing intervention such as telephone counseling.