PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Type D personality among patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
METHODS
Seven databases were searched to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently searched, selected, extracted, and assessed the studies. The quality of studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. To estimate the effect size, meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 program.
RESULTS
Of 1,128 publications identified, 31 studies that met the inclusion criteria were used to estimate the effect size of Type D personality. Effect size (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]) was used in the analyses. Patients with CAD who had Type D personality had higher levels of depression (SMD=0.92; 95% Confidecne Interval (CI)=0.74~1.10) and anxiety (SMD=1.19; 95% CI=0.81~1.57), but lower levels of physical and mental health-related quality of life (SMD=−0.56; 95% CI=−0.75~−0.38; SMD=−0.91; 95% CI=−1.10~−0.73). Publication bias was not detected.
CONCLUSION
Type D personality was associated with increased depression and anxiety and impaired health-related quality of life in patients with CAD. Personality and psychosocial risk screening in patients with CAD should be conducted in the clinical setting.

Citations

• Relationships among Symptoms, Disability, Type D Personality, and Quality of Life in Patients with Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Korea
  Kyung-Hee Cho, Kyungmi Oh, Sunho Kim, Sung Reul Kim
  Pain Management Nursing.2023; 24(2): 180.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on the Health-Promoting Behavior, Type D Personality, Cognitive Function and Body Composition of Low-Income Middle-Aged Korean Women
  Eun-Jin Kim, Ju-Hee Nho, Hye-Young Kim, Sook-Kyoung Park
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(11): 5637.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the research trends and instruments for assessment of sleep quality in Korea.
METHODS
66 quantitative research reports published from 2000 to March 2009 in Korea were selected from 5 databases: RISS4U, KISS, KISTI, DBpia, and the National Assembly Library and were analyzed according to criteria such as publication years, type of journal, participants, study fields, research design, participants, key words and instruments for assessment.
RESULTS
Research in sleep quality has been rapidly increasing in recent years. More than half of the research analyzed was conducted in nursing. The majority of research methods were survey and correlational research. Patients with chronic illness and the elderly were the major subjects in those researches. Most research was performed based on hospitals and communities. The types of variables tested for their relation and influence on sleep quality were quite limited. With respect to the instrument used for assessing sleep quality, most studies did not consider whether or not the validity of their instrument had been established.
CONCLUSION
It is recommended to conduct clinically applicable interventional research with an experimental design and to develop a reliability and validity established sleep quality instrument for Koreans.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study were to examine the incidence of lymphedema and to compare to physiological and psychosocial symptoms between breast cancer patients with lymphedema and without lymphedema.
METHOD
Four hundreds fifty women with breast cancer receiving mastectomy were recruited from two out-patient breast clinics of A and S university hospitals in Seoul, Korea from October, 2004 to May, 2005. Lymphedema was defined by circumferential measurement. Differences greater than 2cm between the affected arm and normal arm were considered to be lymphedema. A descriptive design was used for this study and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test.
RESULTS
Lymphedema developed in 112(24.9%) of the 450 subjects. Subjects with lymphedema reported more severe sensation change of arm and more depression and confusion than subjects without lymphedema. Range of motion of shoulder as a physical indicator and social support, however, were not significantly different between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
Lymphedema is recognized as an unpleasant and uncomfortable consequence of breast cancer- related treatment. Therefore, more research is needed to evaluate the impact of lymphedema on quality of life in patients with lymphedema and the efficacy of nursing intervention.

PUPPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the patterns and related factors of fatigue in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.
METHOD
31 women with breast cancer receiving radiotherapy were recruited from the out-patient radiologic clinic of the university hospital in Seoul, Korea over a period of 3 months. Data was collected prospectively concerning three points for 5 - 6 weeks : before radiotherapy(T1), 2 weeks after starting radiotherapy(T2) and the completion of radiotherapy(T3). Data were analysed by repeated measure ANOVA, Pearson correlaton, and multiple regression.
RESULT
1. Score of fatigue increased significantly over the course of radiotherapy. 2. Score of symptom distress and emotional distress increased and functional status scores decreased significantly over time. 3. Fatigue was positively related with symptom distress and emotional distress and negatively related with functional status over the course of radiotherapy. 4. At T2, emotional distress explained 24.7% of the variation in fatigue. At T3, symptom distress(41.9%) and emotional distress(7.2%) explained the variance in fatigue.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study provided evidence that fatigue increased over the course of radiotherapy and symptom distress and emotional distress were influencing factors of fatigue in this group. The results of this study suggest that comprehensive intervention strategy for fatigue should be developed to maintain quality of life during and following radiotherapy considering these factors.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, health promoting behavior and the quality of life of the patients undergoing hemodialysis. The subjects were 86 patients undergoing hemodialysis in H hospital. The data were collected using a questionnaire. Data collection was done from January 11th to June 16th, 1999. The analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multiple regression using the SPSS/PC+ program. The results are as follows:1.The mean of the level of self-esteem was 25.02, the level of health promoting behavior, 120.04 and the level of QOL, 128.09. 2. Test for hypothesis: Hypothesis 1. "The higher the level of self-esteem of the patients undergoing hemodialysis, the higher the level of quality of life will be." was supported(r=.296, p<.01). Hypothesis 2. "The higher the level of health promoting behavior, the higher the level of quality of life will be." was supported (r=.628, p<.001). 3.Health promoting behavior explained 39.5percent of QOL(R2=.395, F=27.040, p<.001). 4. Monthly income(F=3.85, p<.01) and marital status(F=4.64, p<.05) were significantly related to the quality of life In conclusion, this study showed that self-esteem and health promoting behavior may be important factors that can improve the quality of life of the patients undergoing hemodiaysis. This study identified that nursing plans should include these factors to help physical, psychological and social adaptation of the patients undergoing hemodialysis.