PURPOSE This study was aimed at identifying levels of compliance of patients with metabolic syndrome and the factors influencing their compliance. METHODS Data were collected from patients with metabolic syndrome at K medical center in 2009 using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS The mean score of health behavior compliance was 2.82 (range: 1.43~3.87). Of the factors significantly influencing compliance with health behavior, health perception, exercise efficacy, age and perceived severity explained the 42.8% variance of compliance with health behavior. The factor explaining the highest level of variance was health perception. CONCLUSION It is essential for health professionals to consider the aforementioned four factors when developing interventions to increase compliance with health behavior of the patient with metabolic syndrome.