PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify an influence of self-esteem and family- support on powerlessness of hospitalized elderly patients with chronic disease. METHOD: The subjects were 151 hospitalized elderly patients, age over 60, with chronic disease and admitted for at least 1 week. The data were collected by individual interview using a tructured questionnaire during the period from July 10th to August l0th, 2003 from three general hospitals in Busan. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, hierarchical multiple regression. RESULT: The level of self-esteem, family support, and powerlessness was 38.00, 38.26, and 38.38, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and family support and a negative correlation between self-esteem and powerlessness and between family support and powerlessness. Self-esteem and family support were each significant predictor of powerlessness. CONCLUSION: This study showed the hospitalized elderly patients need greater family-support and higher self-esteem to relieve the level of powerlessness. I suggest to study for replication in a larger sample size and considering the lengths of hospitalization for generalization of this study and to develop individual intervention programs for increasing family support and self esteem and testify their effects on the relief of powerlessness of the elderly.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of self-efficacy promoting program on self-efficacy, self-care, and anxiety in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. METHOD: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre and post design was used. Subjects were 52 cancer patients who received chemotherapy in a hospital. Twenty-six patients were assigned to the experimental and the control groups, respectively. For the experimental group, the CD image for fifteen minutes and two consultations for about ten minutes each were applied. For the control group, ordinary hospital care was applied. The data was collected before and 2 weeks after chemotherapy. RESULT: The scores of self-efficacy and self-care of the experimental group was higher than those of the control group while the state of anxiety of the experimental group was not lower than that of the control group at posttest. CONCLUSION: The self-efficacy promoting program about prevention of infection and hemorrhage increased cancer patients' self-efficacy and self-care but did not decrease anxiety. Further study is needed to find other factors to decrease anxiety and nurses need to consider the concept of self-efficacy in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy when they plan to increase cancer patients' self-care.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of depression and quality of life among older adults with osteoarthritis. The predictors included in the model were the client's characteristics(age, pain, disease duration, ADLs), personal resources(hardiness, self-care agency and family support), and depression. METHOD: 150 subjects who were older than 65 years and had diagnosis of osteoarthritis participated in the study. To answer the research questions, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression were utilized using SPSS WIN program. RESULT: Older adults who were younger and had lower levels of pain and dependency on ADLs, and higher levels of self care agency and hardiness reported lower levels of depression(R2=0.517). Older adults who had lower levels of depression, pain, and dependency on ADLs, higher levels of family support and hardiness, and who are younger reported higher levels of quality of life(R2=0.804). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, development of nursing intervention program including pain reduction, enhancing ADL abilities and personal resources (hardiness, family support) can be suggested. Further study is needed to increase the ability of generalization of the study findings to the broader population.

The purpose of this study was about the experience of middle aged women's aging process. The qualitative research method used was the phenomenological approach. This study tried to discover meaning of life and to understand real experiences of their life and to explore the essence of middle aged women's experience of aging. Furthermore, this study tried to establish of concept of middle age women's holistic health and to help of theoretical development to improve the health. The interviewees were 12 members. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with audiotape recording done by the investigators over a period of five months. The data were analyzed Colaizzi method, new data were continuously coded into statements, cored meanings, themes, groups of themes, and categories. The data were separated into 4 categories; body change, feeling the miss, wise coping and planning the future. The group of themes belonging to 4 categories were body change, sexual change; fleeting, tiredness, attachment of the youth; acceptance, a situation as the adult, fill up the hollow feeling, management body; dying peacefully, preparing for the senior age, being ready to pass away.