PURPOSE
S: This study examined uncertainty and nursing need according to illness phases(phase I, II, III) in cancer patients, and investigated relationships between uncertainty and nursing need.
METHODS
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 121 adult cancer patients treated in two hospitals.
RESULTS
As for the total score, the uncertainty was not significantly different across the subgroups by illness phase. As for the subscale score, however, two sub-scales of the uncertainty were different across the subgroups. 'The unpredictability' was highest in illness phase I and II groups, while 'the lack of information' was highest in the illness phase III group. Nursing need as the total score was not significantly different across the subgroups by illness phase. However, all subscale scores of the nursing need were significantly different across the subgroups. Educational need was highest in the illness phase I group; physical and emotional needs were highest in the illness phase III group. Uncertainty and nursing need were not related to each other at any illness phase.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that nursing need and uncertainty may change across illness phases. Clinicians need to consider this pattern in caring for cancer patients.

The purpose of this study was to define the degree of the resourcefulness and the health-promoting behavior of cancer patients, to identify the relationship between the resourcefulness and the health promoting behaviors and to provide the basis for strategic nursing intervention. This study was conducted by an exploratory survey. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 97 cancer patients in a university hospital in Tae-Gu from September to December of 1998. The sample data were collected by using a convenient sampling method. The following instruments were used in the study after some adaptation: Park Chai Soon's Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Oh Pok Ja's instrument for health promotion behavior and the Rosenbaum self-control schedule(SCS). The reliability of instruments was tested with Chronbach'alph(.79-.89). Data was analyzed by using the SAS program. T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's coefficients of correlation. The results of this study were as follows: First, the average score of the resourcefulness variable was 22.20; the range of the score was from -30 to +81 The average score of the performance in the health promoting behavior variable was 96.13; the range of the score was from 39 to 137 Second, the resourcefulness variable was significantly different from such demographic factors as gender and perceived health status, but there was no statistically significant difference between the demographic factors and the health promoting behavior variable, except that of perceived health status. Third, the performance in health promoting behavior of cancer patients was significantly correlated with the resourcefulness of cancer patients(r= .50) In conclusion, resourcefulness was identified to be an important variable that could contribute to promote health-promoting behavior.

The purpose of this study was to define health promoting behaviors of a family caregiver, to identify the factors affecting the performance in health-promoting behaviors, and to provide basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote health promoting behaviors. Study variables were induced from the Pender's Health Promotion Model and also from the literature that was related to the family caregiver's experiences. This study was conducted on the exploratory survey. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 218 family caregivers in a university hospital in Tae-Gu, between March 13 and April 11, 1997. The subjects of this study were 218 adult caregivers. The samples data were collected by using a convenience sampling method. The following instruments were used in the study after some adaptation : Park Chai soon' Health Promoting Life-style Profile, Park Chai soon's Self-efficacy Instrument and Rogenberg's Self-esteem Scale. In addition, items measuring family caregiver-professional interaction were made by the present author based on related studies. The reliabilities of instruments were tested with Chronbach's alpha (.75-.89). Data were analyzed by using the SAS program, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's coefficients of correlation and stepwise multiple regression technique was applied to analyses data. The results of this study were as follows. First, the average score of the performance in the health-promoting behavior variable was 130.88 ; the range of the score was from 83 to 189. The variables with the highest degree of the performance were self-actualization and interpersonal relationship. Second, the relationships between the degree of the performance in health-promoting behaviors and its exploratory factors were as follows ; the performance in the health-promoting behaviors was significantly correlated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, perceived health status, caregiver-professional interaction, perceived severity of illness, caregiving stress and change of health-concern. The performance in the health-promoting behaviors was significantly different from such demographic variables such as age and sex. Third, stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that : 1. Self-efficacy was the main predictor and accounted for 36% of the total variance. 2. Self-efficacy, age, caregiver-professional interaction and self-esteem, altogether accounted for 47.5% of the total variance. In conclusion, self-efficacy, age caregiver-professional interaction and self-esteem were identified to be important variables that contributed to promote health-promoting behaviors.