Purpose
This study aimed to investigate nurses’ burnout working in a hospital for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and identify factors influencing nurses’ burnout. Methods We recruited 162 nurses working in a nationally designated hospital for COVID-19 patients. Data were collected on general characteristics, burnout, social support, healthcare safety climate, and job stress using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and Cronbach’s α using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0 for Windows. Results The mean scores for burnout, social support, healthcare safety climate, and job stress were 2.96, 3.74, 4.08, and 2.69, respectively. Working department and job stress were significant factors affecting nurses’ burnout and these variables explained 26.0% of burnout variance. Conclusion To reduce burnout of nurses working in the COVID-19 frontline, efforts are needed to reduce nurses’ job stress. In nursing research, further study on what makes a difference in burnout between intensive care units and medical/surgical wards in current COVID-19 situation are needed. The results will be used as basic data to develop intervention and reduce nurses’ burnout during future infectious disease outbreaks.

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